JoAnn McGowan
XXXXXXXXXXWednesday Feb 17 at 6:53pm
Based on your readings for the week and the discussions for previous weeks, how would you use the learning theory and instructional design model to address the different characteristics of your learners? Include how the implementation of technology and media plays a role in addressing the characteristics of learners and settings (face-to-face, online, hybrid). Training for the Benefits Program Technician will take some time to complete the full process. Constructivist Design Theory was one of the theories I came across and it really fits in with what this program is trying to achieve with its new hires. Smith and Ragan XXXXXXXXXXsay it best with social constructivists “learning is collaborative with meaning negotiated from multiple perspectives” (Smith & Ragan, 2005, p. 20). This stance emphasizes the role of social and cultural processes; therefore, learning is often a matter of acculturation (Duffy & Cunningham, XXXXXXXXXXIn this orientation, knowledge is shared by a community of learners. There are members of both the individual and the social viewpoints of constructivism that also emphasize the importance of incorporating real-life contexts into the environment."(Richey et al, XXXXXXXXXXBut Conditions-based theorists seem to work here as well, suggesting learning goals should be the driving force behind decisions about activities and assessment, the generic role of principles, and the importance of instructional effectiveness and efficiency. Learning this and keeping these theories in mind will only enhance the individual to not only reach the organization's goals but also acquire some more skills and knowledge for themselves. "According to Jonassen (1992), “An obvious implication of constructivism for evaluation of learning is that evaluation should be goal-free” (p XXXXXXXXXXBased on Scriven’s XXXXXXXXXXprinciples of goal-free program evaluation, Jonassen believes that the learning process, and the assessment of it, will be biased if learning goals are known in advance. Constructivists often suggest assessing learners’ thinking processes by asking them to solve problems in a domain and explain and defend their decisions (Bednar et al., XXXXXXXXXXBecause constructivists believe that learning results from an exploration of multiple perspectives, evaluation processes should allow for different perspectives rather than one right solution (Jonassen, 1992)". This is where the new hire will use their knowledge and skills to complete the training, and then apply this training in the real world.
References
Richey, R., Klein, J., & Tracey, M. (2011).The instructional design knowledge base: Theory, research, and practice(1st ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
Maria Morehead
XXXXXXXXXXYesterday Feb 18 at 5:18pm
Theories, Models and Characteristics
- Based on your readings for the week and the discussions for previous weeks, how would you use the learning theory and instructional design model to address the different characteristics of your learners?
Having a multimedia design can assist in addressing the different characteristics of learners. Mayer XXXXXXXXXXdiscussed that a dual channel assumption uses a visual-pictorial channel and an auditory-verbal channel, a limited capacity assumption states that when a cognitive system becomes overloaded that manipulating knowledge can be difficult, and an active processing assumption assumes that learning occurs more with verbal and pictorial representations at the same time. Utilizing this information, it would likely be best to utilize multiple forms of technology and media to ensure to address all characteristics of learners.
- Include how the implementation of technology and media plays a role in addressing the characteristics of learners and setting (face-to-face, online, hybrid).
Using the cognitive load theory to evaluate schemas through interpreting, exemplifying, classifying, inferring, differentiating, and organizing to ensure “good” processes are not overloading learner’s memory will assist with preventing an extraneous load (de Jong, XXXXXXXXXXWith these students will select their stress reduction method and track their progress through online dashboard and survey. This will assist them despite their characteristics and help with the visual-pictorial channel and an auditory-verbal channel as well as ensure that they are not having to personal hold onto too much information but instead can record or upload the information and not worry about. Overall, allowing for the various choices in stress reduction techniques should be the most valuable part that ill address different characteristics for the learner.
References
de Jong, T XXXXXXXXXXCognitive load theory, educational research, and instructional design: Some food for thought.Instructional Science, 38(2), XXXXXXXXXXhttp://doi.org/10.1007/s XXXXXXXXXX
Mayer, R. E XXXXXXXXXXCognitive theory and the design of multimedia instruction: An example of the two-way street between cognition and instruction.New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 89, 55–71.