Hi, this is a unit called Professional development in Bachelor of information and communication technology. This assignment is like a case study we need to answer the questions given in a case study...

PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Table of Contents
Question 1    3
a)    3
)    3
Question 2    3
a)    3
)    4
Question 3    4
a)    4
)    4
Question 4    4
a)    4
)    5
Question 5    5
a)    5
)    6
Question 6    6
a)    6
)    6
Question 7    6
Question 8    7
Question 9    8
References    9
Question 1
a)
The effort time is the total time required to plan a project according to the available resources and planning. For example, with limited resources, the plan of the project must cover a limited time to be cost-effective. On the other hand, the elapsed time is the total time available for completing a task in the total calendar time. For example; doing a task with all the resources and time available for a longer time. As mentioned by Cadle and Yeates (2004), the constructive cost model is examined with the inclusion of both the effort and elapsed time in planning a project that gives an effective result with limited resources and time.
The significance of the difference in the project planning purpose is the better outcome regarding a planned project of software development. As stated by Pospieszny, Czarnacka-Chrobot and Kobylinski (2018), the estimation of the duration of a project is essential for any company to rely on the information technology services. Hence the estimation of the time of the project completion according to the available resource is highly significant.
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In longer-term project planning, it would be effective to contemplate the availability of staffs and time for the completion of the project work. Staffs may turnover because of the unsatisfaction of with the working environment and the unavailability of proper resources for the completion of quality work. According to Cadle and Yeates (2004), feasible allowances must be given to the long-term workers of the project planning, which will provide them a workplace satisfaction.
Question 2
a)
The human factors affecting estimating are mainly the unreal estimations, which are completed to achieve the political bid. A competitive pricing must be provided by the information system company to remain in the business. Too low estimates deteriorate the position of the company. As stated by Garcia-Alonso et al. (2019), a proper estimation helps in the sufficient supply of the resources, which helps to
ing a successful outcome of the planned project. The bid team can help to deal with the pricing. These factors can affect the estimation by unachievable targets due to unrealistic pricing. A proper risk assessment is also affected in such estimations.
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Overcoming these issues can include several strategies such as researching thoroughly and connecting it to the realistic matrices of the pricing. According to Cadle and Yeates (2004), it is mandatory for more than one person to contribute to the process of estimation to reduce the negative effects. Different estimation methods must be used before reaching to an approximation and a proper risk assessment must be done before representing the estimation. As mentioned by Shaturaev (2022), the affected estimations are considered as the bad management practices, which can be altered adequately through the planning process that would effectively increase the viability of the project. Risk assessment must be included in the project management estimations.
Question 3
a)
The project dependencies are the inter-relationship between the tasks of a project. The future task cannot be completed unless the prior task is done. According to Derakhshan, Turner and Mancini (2019), the project dependency can be seen on both manpower and the collaboration of the tasks. All the stakeholders and the project team members are related to the project dependency.
On the other hand, the tasks are also inter-dependent on one another (Cradle & Yeates, 2004). The project manager can use the Gantt chart, which is the most effective tool to analyse the dependencies. He can also
eakdown the structure of the project to point out the areas of dependencies. He must also communicate the plan with the team built for the project and set out a baseline of the task (Cradle & Yeates, 2004).
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Few dependencies with an information system planning are Finish to Start, Start to Finish, Finish-to-Finish and Start to Start. An example of Finish to Start is, starting the task from the finishing point of a prior task. As mentioned by...