Task Description Introduction You have been given the task to organise the FIFA 2018 World Cup football tournament (https://www.fifa.com/worldcup). (For those not familiar with football, you may...

Lean Project Management        1
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Lean Project Management for the FIFA World Cup 2018
Introduction
The FIFA world cup, is the world’s biggest football tournament. It is organized by the Fédération Internationale de Football Association, the world body that governs football. It is primarily a men’s match and there are no female teams in the FIFA world cup. The tournament, which was inaugurated in 1930, has had global world cups every 4 years. However, in 1942 and in 1946, the tournament was not held because of World War II. The present world cup champions are France, who won their second title in 2018 in Russia.
The format of the competition during recent years is made of the qualifying phase, where the various teams from around the world compete to quality for the main tournament, which is generally the finals. There are around 250 qualifying teams and only 32 of the teams will be able to make it to the finals. The host country is automatically selected from the qualifying teams for the finals, which are held in various places within the host country for about a month. The FIFA matches take a lot of planning and management, as there are lots of fans coming in from all over the world. There will also be world leaders, so even security has to be taken into consideration as well.
The main objective is to check whether lean project management can be used in the FIFA world cup. This includes parts of lean project management such as lean thinking, lean construction, project management and lean manufacturing. The aim is to also look at how the aspects such as voice of customer, critical to customer requirements, PMBOK, PRINCE2, OPM etc are used in the system to make the process of Lean Management successful. The argument is that due to these attributes, lean management is successful in the FIFA world cup.
Lean Project Management in FIFA world cup
Lean Project Management is the process by which data driven methods are used to manage projects while continuously focusing on improving the process of management. This helps in eliminating waste and adding value to the overall project. This is one of the best project management systems as it is extremely focused on the quality, but does not compromise on cost and waste. There should be minimum waste and maximum quality that should be attained. It includes a lot of data that has to be collected. The waste can be a waste of employee time, materials and financial resources.
There are 4 four ways or areas in which lean project management can be implemented. The first is that of lean thinking (Meredith, et al, 2014). This is the starting point of the lean project management. It is the process by which human and employee activities are changed to
ing about maximum productivity, quality and benefit to society and eliminating space. In the context of the World cup, this would go in making sure that everyone who is on board the project is enthusiastic and does not believe in wasting time. This would mean that the work would be done on time and promptly, thus, saving the country a lot of money and time.
The second area is lean construction. During the FIFA world cups, venues have to be sometimes created. Or if the venues are there, they have to be equipped with enough dressing room, security and stands to seat the many hundreds of thousands of people who come to watch the matches. Lean construction is the combination of operational research and practical development to make spaces that are efficient. However, the management will try to make these spaces in minimum cost but try to provide maximum value for the spaces. The process of lean construction can be used to make venues, or improve the existing venues to make ones that are made at minimum cost, but are aesthetically pleasing and practical in use as well.
The third is that of Lean Manufacturing. According to ‘Lean manufacturing: literature review and research issues’, the process is the reduction of cost and improvement of responsiveness towards the demands of the customer (Bhamu & Singh, 2014). This can be done in the FIFA world cup as well. There should be inclusion of the demands of the sport, the team and the fans in the manufacturing of anything that is related to the world cup. This might include making t-shirts that are of a bigger size to suit the plus-sized fans, or making locker rooms of hard access to the media so the players can relax.
The last is Project Management. According to ‘Project management in practice’ , the process of project management is the process of not just initiating, but planning, executing, controlling, and finally, closing the work of the project and the team. This is a lot of work and where lean project management is most effective. This will include making sure that there is no loss of space, whether it be for the advertisers or for the people who are engaged in watching the world cup. This is the place where most of the management happens.
There are many processes from various places that would be useful. Table 1 shows the processes that could be useful.
    Best Practices
    PMBOK
    PRINCE2
    OPM
    Agile
    Lean Six Sigma
    Processes
    The five processes are that of initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling.
    There are seven processes in PRINCE2. They are: Staring a project, initiating a project, Directing a project, Controlling a stage, Managing Product Delivery,
Managing Stage Boundaries, and closing a project.
    There are three interlocking elements of the OPM. The first is Knowledge. The second is that of assessment and the final is that of Improvement.
    The three main processes are continuous deployment,...