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Report 4
Introduction
The report elaborates the enzymatic activity of the seven enzymes mentioned in the table below and determines the impact of growth conditions on the three cell free extracts A,B and C from S. Carlsbergensis yeast given in the table. The report examines the activity of these enzymes in three conditions namely anaerobic conditions with 10% glucose as a ca
on source, aerobic conditions with 0.8% glucose as a ca
on source and aerobic conditions with 0.8% acetate as a ca
on source.
Discussion
The report lists the seven enzymes namely Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Succinate Dehydrogenase , Isocitrate lyase, Cytochrome C Oxidase, malate synthetase, Malate Dehydrogenase and catalase.
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
The levels of external glucose control the switch between fermentation and respiration. Under aerobic conditions of 0.8% glucose as ca
on source the production of ethanol temporarily disrupts due to insufficient aeration. The cell free extracts exhibit a low activity of enzyme Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Acetate inhibits the formation of GAPDH however it adversely affects the formation of ethanol (Federation of European Microbiological Societies, 2014). When there is over production of GADPH activity, it increases the glycolytic flux. There is observed no remarkable change in glycolytic flux up to 257 % of the enzymatic activity in extract A and C. The flux remained unchanged in case of GADPH over production in cell extract B. At a very low activity of this enzyme, the growth rate of GADPH also reduces considerably. The efficiency, at which the glucose is converted into byproducts, remains constant throughout the activities of GADPH except the low enzyme activity below 14%.
The activity of enzyme GADPH is accelerated by the aerobic conditions.
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
This enzyme grows in aerobic conditions. When the acetate is a sole source of ca
on and energy, the activity of Isocitrate dehydrogenase falls down. In absence of Acetate, the enzyme switches over glucose as a source of energy and the enzyme activity is accelerated.
The Isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme is an important enzyme of TCA cycle which catalyzes the oxidative deca
oxylation of isocitrate leading to production of alpha keto glutarate and ca
on dioxide converting the NAD+ into NADH.
Succinate Dehydrogenase
The growth of the enzyme is suppressed in anaerobic conditions and promoted maximum in aerobic conditions. The activity of this enzyme is inhibited by the presence of acetate which acts as an inhibitor and abolishes the activity. Under aerobic conditions the enzyme contributes in the metabolism and respiration of the cell. It shows high activity level of 44 in cell free extract C with anaerobic growth conditions in 10% of glucose as a sole source of ca
on.
The Succinate dehydrogenase enzyme is the only enzyme which is...