In this assignment, students will review a microbial journal article.Choose one article from a...

Question

In this assignment, students will review a microbial journal article.

Choose one article from a primary scientific literature source that uses a microbe as a model organism/system and write a comprehensive summary of the study that answers the following questions:

Choose one article from a primary scientific literature source that uses a microbe as a model organism/system.

Write a summary of the study that includes:

Why did the scientists perform the study (i.e., description of background)?
What was the hypothesis (or hypotheses) under investigation?
What were the major results and did they support or negate the hypothesis? Which key techniques were used to achieve these results?
Why are the results significant and do they point to further/future studies? In other words, why does this article matter and what should or could be done next?
Why did you choose this particular article to review? Was it interesting, informative, clearly written, or none of the above?

Compose your review in current APA Style and include:

A title page
Answers to the questions above in paragraph format (2 or more pages)
A reference page with the reference for your article and any other sources used in your review.

Article attached.

week-8-assignment-article-jdd2c2us.pdf

Arundhati · Accepted Answer

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Summary.
Worldwide, streptococcus pneumonia is a leading reason for mortality among the elderly as well as children. The infections caused by these bacteria are called Pneumococcal infections, which are characterized by several symptoms.  Bacteraemia, meningitis, pneumonia are some serious infections while otitis media and sinusitis are some common but milder infections caused by the bacteria. (WHO publication, 2012). Most deaths are occurring in developing areas like Africa and Asia rather than developed ones. The treatment of the infection has become quite tough because of the acquisition of antibiotic resistance, particularly to β-lactam drugs by the bacteria. (Appelbaum P. C, 2002). This resistance is achieved by the alteration of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which include PBP1a, PBP2x, and PBP2b specifically. (Ghuysen J. M, 1991). However, the alteration of PBPs is achieved stepwise. Furthermore, the bacterium is achieving resistance to drugs due to  pressure of antibiotics in sequence with some horizontal recombination events. (Song, J. H et al., 2012). Thus, the affinity to β-lactams is reduced due to these alterations that occur in penicillin-binding proteins (PBP). (Zhou et al. 2016). Thus, in October 2010, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine-13 (PCV-13) was introduced to fight the infection, which was then replaced in July 2012 by the PCV-10. The rate of infection was higher before using the vaccine as showed by the research (Diawara, et al. 2015). However, after the usage of the  conjugate vaccines like PCV-13 and then PCV-10 for pneumonococcal infection, the prevalence of the infection reduced drastically among children less than 5  years of age. Therefore, the given study has focused on the molecular evolution of penicillin non-susceptible S. pneumonia. The strains were separated from invasive diseases in patients in 2010 before and after pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation in Morocco. 
Furthermore, there occurred a subsequent relative increase in non-vaccine serotypes after the vaccine was introduced. This occurs due to “serotype replacement” where the switching of the serotypes occurs.

In this assignment, students will review a microbial journal article. Choose one article from a primary scientific literature source that uses a microbe as a model organism/system and write a...

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