1. Introduction
2. What is Child labor ?
3. Conclusion
PLEASE NOTICE THAT IT SHOULD BE professional AND APA STYLE
And it should has a lot of CITATION for example ( john, 2013)
PLEASE CITATION IS VERY IMPORTANT EVERY TWO SENTENCE PUT A CITAION
Basically me and my group mebers are going to write about
INTROUDUCTIO\
BACKGROUND WHAT IS CHILD LABOR
Causes and reasons of child labor
Contribution of child labor
And two more but I don’t remember.
Finally conclusion which is my part also.
Causes:
Families themselves are the major factor of child labour. There are a huge number of workers who work in a family enterprise such as (farms, workshops, factories etc.) and they are unpaid workers and that’s their responsibility in the first place. Many national laws and rules, as well as international standards allow exceptions in such cases, but also on the other hand children can have serious injuries and risks to their health and safety. (UNICEF, 2008)
Poverty is the largest force driving children to be at risk and work under risky conditions. The income from child’s work is the key or way for he
his survive or for his/ her family. Child trading is one of the harm aspects that cause many problems. Poverty forces the parents to let their children work thinking of nothing except having some extra money for daily living. According to the ILO Africa has the highest incidence of child labor in the world. Africa Recovery. (Protecting Africa's Children, 2001).
Unhealthy and unstable family life and financial situations are one of the major causes of child labor. Families wo
ies about financial difficulties when they cannot afford children needs, but in most cases they fail to provide them with important needs such as health care and nutrition and clean water and that lead children to seek to their own sources to live and survive (journal of Commerce, XXXXXXXXXXOn the other hand, families that are i
esponsible and careless about their children are also reason of child labor these kinds of families care about money more than their children. These factors lead children into the street, temporarily or permanently. A huge number of children need to earn money because of either poor or dead parents/ relatives (Ling & Myers XXXXXXXXXXFamily issues and divorces are another cause that combines with poverty. The availability of good schools and free education that afforded from governments or entrepreneur or even charity can do a lot in keeping children away from long hours in the workplace that they don’t belong to. (Horan&Hargis1991). Schools and education program will decrease number of child labor, it will give them the opportunity to be whatever they want in future to be, because education one of their rights as a human being (Child labour and education ,2009).
References
Horan, Patrick M. and Peggy G. Hargis.1991. “Children’s Work and Schooling in the Late
Boyden, Jo, Birgitta Ling and William Myers XXXXXXXXXXWhat Works for Working Children
UNICEF (2009a) “Child labour and education” Available XXXXXXXXXXat
Journal of Commerce, 15 August 1996.
UNICEF (2009a) “Child labour and education” Available XXXXXXXXXXat
UNICEF (2008) “Child protection from violence, exploitation and work” Available XXXXXXXXXXat
www.unicef.org/protection/index_childlabour.html
http:
www.childinfo.org/labour_education.html
Introduction
Child labor is one of the important global issues. Many children are exploited all over the world by putting them to hazardous work jeopardizing their health and life. Though there are some work which are not harmful or exploitive in nature many children are engaged in unacceptable work which violates child rights. This report will be clarified what is child labour, percentages and statistics of child labours, causes of child labour, the contribution of UN to reducing child labour, and lastly solutions end child labor.
Percentages and Statistics of Child Labou
1. Africa
According to International Labor Organization (1919), Africa has the highest proportion of child labour in the world, which is 72.1 million of African children are child laborers and 9% of them are in hazardous work. In addition, most of the African children work in a dangerous working condition that directly threatens their safety, health and moral development. Unfortunately, the largest percentage of child labor is young children. The number of child labour in Africa represents 59% between the ages of 5 -11 year-olds, 26% are in the XXXXXXXXXXyear-olds and 15% are between the ages of XXXXXXXXXXyear-olds (International Labor Organization, XXXXXXXXXXDespite the strategies performed by the African governments to battle child labor, the child labour has risen in Sub-Saharan Africa during the period from 2012 to 2016 (International Labor Organization, XXXXXXXXXXWorldwide, the agriculture sector is one of the most active sectors for child labour. In Africa, the proportion of children working in agriculture sector is 85% (International Labor Organization, 1919).
1. Arab States
In the Arab countries, children and youthful grown-ups make up a large portion of the number of inhabitants up to 280 million. Around 13.4 million, an estimated 15% of the children in the district are child labourers (International Labor Organization, XXXXXXXXXXThe veritable level of the child labour might be considerably higher because some of them working in the informal sector, which is hard to gauge such as street work, seasonal agriculture, domestic labour (International Labor Organization, XXXXXXXXXXOne of the worst forms of child labour in Arab countries is the trafficking of children; many countries are making efforts to address this issue.
1. Asia and the Pacific
The number of child labourers who younger than 15 years in the Pacific and Asia decreased by 5 million from 2000 to 2004. Regardless of this favorable improvement, the district still faces significant difficulties. The number of child labourers in Asia and Pacific is still highest in the world and represents 18.8% between the ages of 5-14 year-olds. In addition, the number of children exposed to entering child labor is very high in areas affected by natural events. Moreover, the effort to eliminate child labor remains modest compared to efforts in Latin America.
1. Europe
According to International Labor Organization (1919), the number of child labourers is decreased in Europe; economic expansion and poverty reduction have helped to combat child labour significantly. Although of the positive picture in general, there are still several areas where there are many of child labourers. Many rustic children work in a dangerous working in farming; which directly threatens on their safety, health and moral development (International Labor Organization, XXXXXXXXXXFurthermore, children from rural regions are ordinarily trafficked to u
an focuses or wealthier nations for exploit child labour such as; commercial sexual exploitation (International Labor Organization, 1919).
The Contribution of United Nations to Reducing Child Labou
UN is an international organization established in 1945 and the headquarters in New York City, USA. It is presently consists of 193 Member States. The duty and effort of the United Nations are directed by the purposes and principles contained in its establishing Agreement. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is a representation of the Organization's ideals and a spokesman for the interests of the world's individuals; in particular the poor and susceptible people (United Nations, XXXXXXXXXXThe programs and resources of the UN are funded through voluntary rather than assessed contributions. By enabling discussion between its members, and by hosting discussions, the Organization has become a tool for governments to find areas of agreement and solve problems together (United Nations, XXXXXXXXXXThe UN’s key achievements include: the Law of the International Court of Justice, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (United Nations, XXXXXXXXXXThis Convention changed the way children are viewed and treated. It aim at protecting children from growing risks and helping children with disabilities (United Nations, 1945).
UNICEF:
The UNICEF is a United Nations program that was established in 1946, and its headquarter in New York City, USA. It provides caring and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries. It is a member of the United Nations Development Group. The UNICEF relies on contributions from governments and private donors (United Nations, XXXXXXXXXXThe United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund was to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II, it retaining the original acronym, "UNICEF" and making it simply the United Nations Children's Fund (United Nations, XXXXXXXXXXUNICEF's order was extended to address the long-term needs of children and women in developing countries universally. Most of UNICEF's work is in the field, with a presence in 190 countries. To ca
y out UNICEF's mission through programs developed with host governments. UNICEF's Supply Division is based in Copenhagen and works as the main point of distribution for such essential items as vaccines, antiretroviral medicines for children and mothers with HIV, nutritional supplements, emergency shelters, family reunification, and educational supplies (United Nations, 1945).
UNESCO:
The UNESCO It is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Paris. The main objective of UNESCO is to contribute to peace and security in the world by promoting cooperation among countries through education, science, culture and communication in order to further universal respect for justice, for the rule of law, and for the human rights and fundamental freedoms which are affirmed for the peoples of the world, without difference of race, sex, language or religion, by the Agreement of the United Nations (United Nations, XXXXXXXXXXThe main functions of UNESCO are: To encourage intelligent co-operation and common thoughtful of individuals through all means of mass communication, and to encourage and maintain, popular education, knowledge, scientific research and training to wa
ant human development (United Nations, 1945).
XXXXXXXXXXReferences
International Labour Organization XXXXXXXXXXChild Labour. Retrieved,from http:
www.ilo.org
United Nations XXXXXXXXXXWhat We Do. Retrieved from http:
www.un.org/en/sections/what-we-
do/index.html