Ethics Leadership & Decision Making Length:3000 words Submission method options Alternative...

Question

Ethics Leadership & Decision Making Length:3000 words Submission method options Alternative submission method
Task

Write a 3000 word essay in which you:

Use an organisation that is or has been in the news during the past two years (work-related learning) and identify an ethical dilemma faced by that organisation as an example.
Apply at least two theoretical concepts from managerial ethics to examine this dilemma critically.
Go on to examine and critically evaluate how these theoretical concepts influence managerial practices in the chosen organisation.
In conclusion, reflect critically on how leaders may ensure organisational decisions are made ethically.
Academic and professional communication skills: You must follow an essay structure that is at a minimum an introduction; a main body that outlines the argument, analyses the material you have researched and assesses this according to the guidelines above; and a conclusion.Your writing style must follow professional literacy: Citations and a final reference list that follows the APA 6 guidelines accurately; the quality of writing and presentation: accurate mechanics (spelling, grammar, punctuation etc.); use respectful language to discuss all people; avoid emotive language; employ inclusive, non-sexist language. Use a minimum of ten (10) citations/references

In short, you will need to demonstrate an understanding and critical analysis of the theories surrounding the topic, as well as evaluating the practical reality in the workplace. Please refer to relevant academic literature and source materials, as well as drawing upon your knowledge of the organisation.

Online submission via Turnitin is required for this assignment. Details will be provided by your subject lecturer.

Rationale

This assignment is designed to address Learning Objectives 1 to 5 (see above) by :

familiarising students with the various theories relating to organisations and organisational planning and control.
encouraging students to discern the strengths and weaknesses of the wide array of theoretical contributions;
encouraging students to use empirical evidence to support their arguments.

Marking criteria

Criteria? Standards?	LO	Mark	High Distinction XXXXXXXXXX)	Distinction XXXXXXXXXX)	Credit XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX3)	Pass XXXXXXXXXX)	Fail XXXXXXXXXX)
An organisation that is or has been in the news during the past two years (work-related learning) is used to identify an ethical dilemma an example.	/2	Highly appropriate organisation is Identified that provides an outstanding and critical basis for further examination.	Identification of organisation provides a detailed and accurate basis from which to develop further examination.	Identification of organisation provides a sufficiently detailed basis for further examination.	Identification of organisation is underdeveloped, inhibiting deeper examination.	Identification of organisation is inaccurate, inadequate, insufficient, and unclear.
At least two theoretical concepts from managerial ethics are applied to examine this dilemma critically	3	/8	Identifies, explains, applies and critiques major alternative theoretical concepts with depth, detail and clarity.	Identifies, applies and critiques major alternative theoretical concepts clearly and accurately.	Identifies, explains & applies important alternative theoretical concepts but occasionally lacks clarity or accuracy. Critique is limited.	Identifies, explains & applies alternative theoretical concepts but with some limitations, inconsistency and/or inaccuracy. Superficial critique .	Limited grasp of alternative theoretical concepts; lacking in critical examination.
Examination and critical evaluation of how these theoretical concepts influence managerial practices in the chosen organisation.	12	/15	Clearly demonstrates a high level ability to synthesise theory and practice using readings and/or alternative perspectives.	Able to interpret the relationship between theory and practice accurately. Offers appropriate and relevant examples to support line of argument.	Able to identify the relevant relationships between theory and practice. Offers some evaluation, but occasionally lack consistency.	Demonstrates an adequate level of relating theory to practice; and some consideration provided of alternative perspectives.	Descriptive. Reproduces information from lectures and readings. The relationship between theory and practice underdeveloped and is poorly argued.
Conclusions reflect critically on how leaders may ensure organisational decisions are made ethically.	5	/10	Shows deep critical reflection of and engagement with leadership and ethical decision-making.A strong and reasoned argument is made to support the conclusions.	Shows detailed critical reflection of and engagement with leadership and ethical decision-making.A strong argument is made to support the conclusions.	Shows a degree of critical reflection of and engagement with leadership and ethical decision-making. Notes alternative perspectives and provides examples where necessary to support conclusions.	Examples of alternative perspectives are provided; reflection is superficial rather than meaningful. Shows a basic level of engagement with leadership and ethical decision-making.	Engagement is minimal. Conclusions are reached providing no or little evidence. Shows scant engagement with leadership and ethical decision-making.
Academic and professional communication skills:Follows an essay structure.Writing style must follow professional literacy: Citations and a final reference list that follows the APA6 guidelines accurately; the quality of writing and presentation: accurate mechanics (spelling, grammar, punctuation etc.); use respectful language to discuss all people; avoid emotive language; employ inclusive, non-sexist language. Minimum of ten (10) citations/references used.	/10	Structure uses clear and concise topic and linking sentences, and connected paragraphs. Sophisticated level of professional language achieved. Paragraphs succinct with excellent ability with grammar, vocabulary and spelling. Impeccable referencing in APA6. Outstanding presentation.	Structure that uses paragraphs and sentences. Extensive use of topic and linking sentences. Leads the reader through the argument in a clear and logical way. Follows guidelines comprehensively. Professional literacy well demonstrated. Substantial ability with grammar, spelling and vocabulary. Ample relevant, accurate referencing using APA6.	Clear structure. Adequate use of sentences and paragraphs. Guidelines followed clearly. Level of professional language used. Paragraphs are succinct. Generally good ability with grammar, and spelling; appropriate vocabulary. Significant but limited referencing.	Structure is apparent, fair use of topic and linking sentences and paragraphs. Some of the guidelines followed. Only general level of professional language achieved. Adequate level of control over grammar, fair ability with spelling and vocabulary. Referencing lacks specificity with some inaccuracies.	No apparent structure. Poor sentence and paragraph construction. Guidelines not followed. Language not professional, inclusive or respectful. Paragraphs off the point. Inadequate ability with grammar, poor vocabulary and spelling. Insufficient and/or inaccurate referencing.
Total marks:	/45
Comments:

Presentation

Presentation requirements are as follows :

The Assessment must adopt an essay structure and not that of a management report.
Writing style must follow professional literacy.
Citations and a final reference list mist be included that follow the APA6 citation guidelines accurately.
The quality of writing and presentation: accurate mechanics (spelling, grammar, punctuation etc.); use respectful language to discuss all people; avoid emotive language; employ inclusive, non-sexist language.
Minimum of ten (10) citations/references used.

For more detailed guidance, please refer to the CSU Study Guide and Tips at student.csu.edu.au/study/guidesandtips.

Requirements

Two requirements are worthy of note :

1. Students must use APA referencing in their assessments - see student.csu.edu.au/study/referencing-at-csu for more details.

2. Students must submit their assessment using Turnitin.com.

It is recommended that your name, student ID and page number are included in the header or footer of every page of the assignment.

David · Accepted Answer

Running Head: ETHICS LEADERSHIP & DECISION MAKING - TOSHIBA  1
Assignment Title 
Student Name 
Course Name 
Instructor Name 
Date
ETHICS LEADERSHIP & DECISION MAKING - TOSHIBA  2 
Introduction 
Toshiba Corporation is a well-diversified electronic manufacturing company in Japan. 
They have energy and infrastructure segment that consist of thermal power generation system, 
nuclear power generation system, instrumentation, fuel cell, control system and power 
generation. They have community solution, road equipment system, broadcasting system, 
environmental system, sewerage system, healthcare service and system, emitting diode light, 
optoelectronic devices, storage devices, etc. They are present in the well-diversified market 
across the globe (Reuters, n.d.). Toshiba has their significant market position in the information 
technology solutions.  
The ethical dilemma is present in every business, and the decision made by the decision 
maker indicates whether the business is ethical or unethical. In this case, the ethical dilemma of 
Toshiba was taken into consideration to perform a detailed analysis using theoretical approach. 
Toshiba involved in various accounting fraud from 2008 that can come in to light during 2015. 
There were poor organizational culture and ineffective corporate governance to manage the 
business ethically. There was deliberate intention to cheat all the stakeholders of the company by 
the company. A detailed discussion of Toshiba’s ethical dilemma is performed in this paper.  
Toshiba’s Ethical Dilemma 
Ethical dilemmas are highly present in all business environments, and it becomes a 
challenge for the business in selecting the best suitable options from the available alternatives for 
the management of the business. Some decisions are like two sides of a coin if a company selects 
the one they have to compromise the other. The ethical dilemma is one such situation where the 
company has to choose between ethics and benefit for the business or individual. The dilemma 
arises when the other course of action by the management of the company will be unethical.  
ETHICS LEADERSHIP & DECISION MAKING - TOSHIBA  3 
Toshiba’s faced the ethical dilemma in the business whether to disclose their actual 
financial performance in their financial statement or not. Toshiba chose the alternative action of 
not disclosing the actual financial performance of the company. They decided to hide the 
financial performance of the company by cushioning pre-tax profits of the company by 152 
billion yen that is $1.2 billion over the six years from 2008 to 2015 (Managing Values, 2015). In 
this case, an important point that draws the attention is that in Toshiba in past six years there 
were more three times changes in the senior management and the CEO and all preferred the 
alternative course of action.  
The two previous CEO’s and top management employees preferred to make a same 
unethical decision of cushioning the pre-tax profit of the company. It indicates that besides 
individual factors causing for ethical dilemma it is the organization factor that has resulted in the 
ethical dilemma in Toshiba. In other words, the culture of the company is such that it 
accommodates unethical practices and behavior of the employees and focuses on booking profits 
and maintaining the market value in the industry (Managing Values, 2015).  
The culture of the company was the main culprit that ordered the employees of the 
company to act unethical and make more adjustment to the financial statement to cover up their 
poor financial performance.  Accounting scandal was the ethical issue faced by the company. All 
the issues about the unethical accounting procedures were undercover until an independent 
committee made an investigation about the financial performance and position of the company 
which was led by the former renowned prosecutor along with the outside lawyers and the 
accountants. The investigation indicated about the accounting scandal of Toshiba and indicated 
about $1.2 billion of inflated profits.  
ETHICS LEADERSHIP & DECISION MAKING - TOSHIBA  4 
The report indicated that unethical behavior of Toshiba is attributed to their organization 
culture that will never allow the employees to act against the will of the superiors of the 
organization. The report indicates that employees were under more pressure to achieve 
unachievable targets in the business and to disclose some unrealistic profits (Mahidov, 2016).  
More challenges and targets were given to the employees by the management during the period 
that is close to the financial reporting period of the company.  
There was a de facto policy of the company to involve in improper accounting, and there 
was no provision for any of the employees to go against the wish or decision of the management 
(Verschoor, 2015). Toshiba was able to boost their profits by selling various personal computer 
parts to the Taiwan manufacturers at a higher rate than the price at which Toshiba has purchased 
by them. The primary reason for making use of such behavior was to hide the actual cost of their 
laptops from the competitors, but it has become a practice leading to more confusion in the 
financial statement of the company.  
Reasons for Choosing Alternative over Ethics 
It is considered as an ethical issue because disclosing the actual financial performance of 
the company will result in losing their share value in the market. The management of the 
company will be answerable; it will add more pressure to the management to improve their 
overall business. It will result in downgrading the credit rating and will pull down the investors’ 
attraction over the company. It will reduce the investors’ interest and will result in losing the 
market competitiveness and might result in losing their market position and brand value. Without 
disclosing the information about the actual financial performance of the company will result in 
providing confidence to the shareholder and investors of the company.  
ETHICS LEADERSHIP & DECISION MAKING - TOSHIBA  5 
The company can enjoy better market position and value. It will increase the share price 
and market capitalization for the company. It will result in maintaining the appropriate credit 
rating for the company. It will provide a better opportunity for the company to make an 
investment in an effective strategy that in due course of time will boost the actual performance of 
the company (Mahidov, 2016).

Ethics Leadership & Decision Making Length:3000 words Submission method options Alternative submission method Task Write a 3000 word essay in which you: Use an organisation that is or has been in the...

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