1.Whether the philosophy/foreign policy of Indonesia as seen through game theory facilitates cooperation or conflict; on whether the patterns of globalization in the country support the...

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1. Whether philosophy/foreign policy of Indonesia facilitates cooperation or conflict
Game theory, at base, requires a relatively homogenous and well-defined set of
agents; it is almost impossible to bargain with someone whose potion is not clear to you. The
history is one of both diversity and rebellion, with the country made up of 17,508 islands,
many of which have a distinct culture from their neighbours, as one would expect in the
absence of common travel between regions. The national motto is “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika”,
meaning “many, yet one”. At the same time, they have historically been oppressed by large
powers, through colonies and economic exploitation as well as internal politicking.
As such, game theory would suggest that co-operation and conflict are both facilitated
y Indonesia’s structure, since the relevant agents and agent groups are distinct from one
another, increasing co-operation between like players and exaggerating conflict between
groups.
On patterns of globalization
Indonesia is a good example of the need for sophistication beyond that which that the
hyperglobalist, sceptical and transformationalist triad allows that Held et al. (1999) speak of.
It has aspects of all three stances. The dictatorship that ended in the late 1990s was a period
of severe Hyperglobalist economic damage, with images of Indonesian sweatshops becoming
common in the global media, and heavily preferential deals for large oil companies. Under
this regime, there was a notional Skeptical, isolationist belief. The nation-state become more
coherent, as a result of the Junta, but less relevant, due to real foreign involvement in the
economy. There is support for the Skeptical viewpoint in the above, since much damage to
the economy was done by poorly managed foreign affairs; however, the fact that these were
foreign interactions that still make up the majority of Indonesia’s GDP mean that the globalist
aspect cannot be ignored.
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This sets the stage for the new transformationalist agenda, in which there is
significantly more periphery-to-periphery economic movement, and much greater
involvement in local trading blocs such as ASEAN. Increasingly, they are closely involved in
the economic and political affairs of their neighbours.
Indonesia’s winners and losers, Islamic Economics, and Asian Values perspective.
Indonesia’s winners and losers are best considered through an amalgam of the offered
perspectives, depending upon which area of the country and operation is is being considered.
The amount of co
uption and mismanagement in the country clearly invalidates and NIE
perspective, and it suffers in Feminist Economic terms from conditions that increase income
inequality, which almost always hit women harder than men. The best
oad perspective is
SPG, since co
uption and collusion with corporations and the world bank have led to the
absence of local considerations; they are instead a result of structural characteristics. The
winners are rarely those that make the right decisions, and so an outliers perspective is useful
ut only marginally, in those industries and peoples unaffected by macro-scale trends.
However, Islamic Economics is becoming more important, especially with...