Why do we build databases with multiple-related tables rather than one single big table?

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Why do we build databases with multiple-related tables rather than one single big table?

Why is the use of metadata so important in the creation of a database?

What are the roles of primary and secondary or foreign keys within a database?
Why do we need databases as the so-called "back-ends" to our transaction processing systems? What is their function and value?

David · Accepted Answer

Why do we build databases with multiple-related tables rather than one single big table? Why 
is the use of metadata so important in the creation of a database? What are the roles of 
primary and secondary or foreign keys within a database? Why do we need databases as the 
so-called "back-ends" to our transaction processing systems? What is their function and value? 
800 words
A relational database is a set of data items organized in tables, which makes data to be 
accessed more easily and faster. Relational Model is used to develop relational database. Using 
single table in a relational database is against the principles of relational database. Using only 
one table increases the chances of having multiple instances of repeated data in the database. 
Use of single table will make it difficult to handle it, and increase complexity of the database. 
For example, if any person has many interests, then we have to create same number of rows 
with the same user data, just to store different interests. Having everything in a single large 
table, may have lot of columns, many of them having only null values. Having multiple tables 
may help in following ways: 
 It makes sense to have multiple tables, if different tables are involved in the application 
development. 
 Multiple tables make it more convenient if we want to give different authorities to 
different people, for different parts of data collection. 
 Smaller tables are easy to move to different storage locations, while development.

Why do we build databases with multiple-related tables rather than one single big table? Why is the use of metadata so important in the creation of a database? What are the roles of primary and...

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