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Aug 13 2020
Running Head: HISTORY OF TUBERCULOSIS 1
HISTORY OF TUBERCULOSIS 8
PUBLIC HEALTH, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND HEALTH STATISTICS
(HISTORY OF TUBERCULOSIS)
Table of Contents
History of Tuberculosis from Past till Present 3
Statistical study of Tuberculosis cases in the state of Texas since 1980 4
Analysis of Tuberculosis cases in Texas State 5
References 8
History of Tuberculosis from Past till Present
Tuberculosis is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind, caused by Mycobacterium bacterium. It is a communicable, contagious and infectious disease, which usually affects the lungs, but it can affect other body parts including spine,
ain and kidney. The most common symptoms include chest pain, weight loss, high fever, night sweating and cough with sputum or blood.
The historical documents confirm that this disease has been affecting humans for over 15,000 years, but the real cause and treatment were not clearly understood, which resulted in misunderstanding about the cause of the disease until nearly the early 20th century. There was a debate among professionals about the real cause of Tuberculosis, one group claimed that disease was hereditary, while other faction believed it to be infectious (Yuen, Kammerer, Marks, Navin & France, 2016).
In 1882, Robert Koch in his research paper announced the discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and it was confirmed that it is an infectious disease, enhanced by poor sanitary conditions and high crowded-situations. As stated by Byron (2016), once the cause of the disease was known, the rates of tuberculosis steadily declined largely due to improved sanitary conditions and separating general population from infectious patients. Despite isolating the bacterium, it took nearly half a decade for the development of a feasible treatment regime. The Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine were developed and first used on humans in 1921 and gained popularity (Miramontes et al., 2015).
However, Mycobacterium is a very resilient organism and has the potential to mutate and develop resistance, if the drug course is not strictly followed. In the recent past, there has been resurgence in the Tuberculosis cases, particularly in the developing nations. This resurgence is not only due to crowded settings or poor sanitary conditions, but also due to disease which attack immune system of the patient such as HIV/AIDS. It is believed that nearly one-third of the world’s population is infected by the bacterium, and majority of them are asymptomatic infections, therefore, today it is more than ever important to diagnose the type of strain and whether it is drug resistant or not.
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