physiology assignment

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Answered Same Day Dec 22, 2021

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Robert answered on Dec 22 2021

122 Votes

A.L Hodgkin and A.F. Huxley in 1952 prepared a mathematical model to describe the
mechanism of action of ion channels in the nerve axons. They did their experiment on giant
squid axon. They used squid axon because of its huge length and diameter. Experimenter could
squeeze out the normal cytoplasm from the axon and can examine the axon by perfusing it with
equired solution. Moreover, a wire can be stuck inside the axon to measure change of electrical
cu
ents due to movement of ions axon’s mem
ane.
They also performed various experiment with squid axon. One of their experiments is patch
clamp or voltage clamp technique. Patch clamp, a neurophysiologic technique in which
experimenter develop an internal voltage within a cell (in this case axon) at a fixed value and
then measure the electrical cu
ent flowing in or out of the neuron. To generate electrical
impulses in axon, they made a gradient of charged ions which can enter or leave the cell via ion
channels, and change the voltage of the cell. These rapid changes in voltage constitute an action
potential. To measure the potential, they first remove the axoplasm and then sealed a patch
pipette filled with electrolyte solution to the mem
ane. An electrode was inserted ito the pipette....

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