Assessment 2: Essay Due: 1 dec , 4.00pm AEST Length:2000 words Conditions:Individual Weighting: The following assessment aims to examine how well you understand the relationship between authentic...

Literature Review
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction    3
Main Body    3
Conclusion    7
References    8
Introduction
In the highly competitive scenario leaders are facing unprecedented challenges that often lead to change their working style that directly impact the performance of their employees. However, it has been analysed that leaders often plays the role of democratic leaders, autocratic leaders as well as participative leaders for managing the human resource in the organisation (Yahaya and E
ahim, 2016). With the changing working environment, Psychological Capital (PsyCap) has gained prominence in the leadership as it leads to attaining the positive and developmental state of an individual that is mainly categorized by high self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resiliency.
However, the emergence of PsyCap is measured to be an important factor for the development of leadership as well as influence. The present essay focuses on addressing the cu
ent leadership practices in the selected retail organisation that is Woolworths and comparing the leadership style with positive leadership or Psychological capital. Along with this, the essay will also focus on suggesting the practices or use of positive leadership or Psychological Capital to enhance the workplace to become more effective.
Main Body
In order to influence the practices of employees in the organisation it has been analysed that leadership plays a significant role in the setting as it supports the employees and staffs to attain the desired outcome. Effective leader possesses the ability to persuade individual as well as employees towards accomplishing the desired result for an organisation. As per the view of Maak, et al. (2016), the most effective leaders have a strong intellect of self that makes them understand regarding the activities that will allow the employees to proceed further and results in accomplish the objective of the firm (Romager, et al. 2017).
Through reviewing the internal environment of cited local organisation, it has been analysed that manage
leader implement autocratic as well as participative leadership style for managing the human resources along with their activities. The most common used leadership style in Woolworths focuses on the recognised form of directive leadership that is autocratic (Bouckenooghe, et al. 2015). With the help of this leadership style, autocratic leaders in supermarket chain do not have to be bothered about recognizing to the emotions of followers or try to meet diverse motivational requirements of the group members. As the leader mainly rely on the set rules and policies and often engage in controlling individual practices (Amunkete and Rothmann, 2015).
For instance, with undertaking the autocratic leadership style leader or manager will draft the operational activities of sales and ensure that sales personnel are engaged in performing the devised activities. In the situation, if sales personnel are not able to perform the activities in that case leade
manager has the right to impose strict action against the personnel. On the contrary to this, Joo, et al. (2016) has also analysed that Woolworth's manager also centres on the participative leadership style in which they allow participation of employees in the decision-making process. Thus, it assists in developing a level of commitment among the staffs and employees rendering service in the supermarket chain (Hu, et al. 2018).
In comparison with the positive leadership and Psychological Capital, it has been assessed that leade
manager of Woolworth possesses ineffective leadership practices that sometimes lead to building negative environment at the workplace. In order to accomplish the positive leadership and Psychological Capital among the leade
manager, they must comprise with the four positive capacities such as hope, optimism, self-efficacy and resilience. According to Raja, et al. (2015), it has been assessed that positive leadership at the workplace significantly impact the employee performance with the attaining level of commitment, engagement as well as well-being.
On the other hand, Luthans, et al. (2015) has also analysed that comparing with the other leadership style i.e. PsyCap management possesses the competence of successfully channelling and mounting talents, strengths, and potential of the employees so that it may support the organisations in achieving a long-term economical edge. Therefore, amending the positive psychological state within the retail firm also results in energizing the cognitive processes as well as their perception that it may lead to achieving the required practices.
With addressing the recent research studies, it has been assessed that leadership practices of Woolworths are different from the contemporary leadership styles such as PsyCap, transformational leadership, transactional leadership style...