Essay

Running Head: MULTICULTURALISM              1
MULTICULTURALISM                         5
MULTICULTURALISM
Table of Contents
Introduction:    3
History of Multiculturalism in Australia:    3
Key Issues and Challenges for Multilingual and Multicultural Refugee Families:    6
Conclusion:    7
References    9
Introduction:
    The simultaneous existence of two or more cultures, as mentioned by Modood, T., London, E. C. P. R., & Bleich, E. (2019) is known as multiculturalism. The diversity in not only culture but also race and religion can also be termed as multiculturalism.
History of Multiculturalism in Australia:
    Multiculturalism mainly evolved as a part of Australia’s government policy. After the Second World War, as mentioned by Modood, T., London, E. C. P. R., & Bleich, E. (2019) the government made few policies to abso
the migrants and refugees of the war into the Australian society. Initially the government believed those immigrants would mix into the society with time. The people of different races wanted to protect their ethnicity and they don’t want to lose their cultural identity. The government later realised this and there came the Racial Discrimination Act in 1975. It aimed to implement any type of racial or cultural discrimination. Malcolm Fraser, the prime minister of Australia in 1975 was always supportive towards a multicultural society and in 1977, the Australian Population and Immigration Council entitled Australia as a Multicultural Society and the Australian Ethnic Affairs Council was appointed. The council, as mentioned by Modood, T., London, E. C. P. R., & Bleich, E. (2019) then articulated the definition of multiculturalism which was based on equal opportunity, cultural identity and social cohesion.
In the year 1978, there was a shift in government framework to the new immigrant settlement and consequent linguistic and cultural diversity. The government adopted the recommendation of the Galbally report on review of a
ival program and services to the migrants. The services then improved and assistance was given like teaching of English as a mean of communication, assistance in settlement and recognition of their qualification and establishment of resource centres and agencies for the welfare of the immigrants. Moreover, Fraser government sure that of the development of multicultural language in schools and colleges. The government then also established the Australian Institute of Multicultural Affairs to commission research on the multicultural issues. Furthermore, many services like starting of ethnic radio and special
oadcasting was done to uplift the ethnic communities. The definition of multiculturalism was modified to improve the participation of the immigrants towards the betterment of the society. After Hawke labour government came to power in 1980’s, the many government policy for the immigrants was cut off and AIMA was also abolished. The Hawke Labour government then implemented few other policies to improve the access of the government facilities to the migrants which includes the establishment of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. An agency was formed under Hawke government on the recommendation of the 1986 review of Migrant and Multicultural Programs and Services. The office of the multicultural affairs was established within the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet which acted as a agency for coordinating multicultural policy. In...