Test 1 (Lecture 1 / Module 1): 5 points
1. Count the number of ca
on and hydrogen atoms in each of the following drawings – please draw
each structure clearly showing all of the atoms and their connectivity (1 point):
(a XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
(b XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
(c XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
(d XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
2. For each structure add all necessary formal charges and lone pairs – in other words, please show the
completed Lewis Dot structures (1 point):
(a XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
(b XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
(c XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
(d XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
3. For each of the following, draw all of the significant resonance structures and identify the major
contributors in each case (1 point):
(a XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
(b XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
(c XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
(d XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
4. For the compounds below (a) draw both Conjugate Base 1 and Conjugate Base 2. Determine which of
the two protons is more acidic using the ARIO rule and explain your reasoning - if the reason is R
(number of Resonance Structures) please draw all the resonance structures. Make sure you keep track
of all formal charges and lone pairs (1 point):
(a XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
Conjugate Base 1:
Conjugate Base 2:
(b) (0.5 points)
Conjugate Base 1:
Conjugate Base 2:
(c XXXXXXXXXXpoints)
Conjugate Base 1:
Conjugate Base 2:
5. Add all missing lone pairs in each compound and product. Determine the most acidic proton in the
starting material – explain why it is the most acidic. Show a mechanism for the acid-base reaction. (1
point):
(a) (0.5 points)
(b XXXXXXXXXXpoints) + Determine the position of equili
ium (0.25 points):