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Kuldeep answered on
Dec 26 2020
Sustainable Building
How has the construction industry incorporated sustainable building and what ba
iers have prevented construction professionals from adopting sustainable building practices
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Contents
Executive Summary 3
2.Objective: 4
3.Specific Objectives: 4
4.Introduction or Background 5
5. Sustainable building in the construction industry 6
5.1 Adoption of sustainable building in the construction industry 6
5.2 Use of sustainable construction methods and materials 7
5.3 Ba
iers of the sustainable building and, ultimately, how these obstacles can be overcome to inspire construction professionals to use environmentally friendly 10
5.4 Life cycle cost on adopting rainwater tank for residential buildings 12
5.5 Development of zero ca
on emission building and its applications 13
5.6 Benefits and applications for an innovative formwork design 16
6. Findings 17
6.1 Adoption of sustainable building in the construction industry 17
6.2 The use of sustainable construction methods and materials 17
6.3 The ba
iers of sustainable building and, finally, how these ba
iers can he overcome to encourage constructions professionals to utilise environmentally friendly 19
6.4 Life cycle cost on adopting rainwater tank for residential buildings 22
6.5 Development of zero ca
on emission building and its applications 24
6.6 Benefits and applications for an innovative formwork design 24
7. Conclusion 25
8. Reference list 28
References 29
Executive Summary
Sustainability is a key development goal for the world. Countries, especially Western countries, have established systems to ensure sustainable development, including in the design and construction sectors. The overall purpose of this study is to promote an ongoing debate on how to maintain sustainability. This study investigates factors that hinder the adoption of sustainable design and construction (SDC) principles. To achieve these goals, the study investigated the understanding of SDCs by key design and construction industry stakeholders and how their understanding of sustainability affects cu
ent architectural trends. The survey results show that cu
ent design and construction practices ignore the local environment, especially economic, social and environmental challenges, which have a profound impact on the built environment. This paper recognizes and discusses the main obstacles to SC in emerging countries. According to organized reviews of the literature, few of the major obstacles identified consist of: lack of awareness and understanding, lack of training and education for construction professionals, bad public attitudes towards the sustainability, poor execution of the sustainability principles, as well as poor sustainability priorities,inability to contribute to the construction industry, poverty and low-city investment, lack of accurate data and comprehensive research, technological inertia, definition of ambiguity and diversity of interpretation, lack of methods to resist change and assess sustainability. Based upon these verdicts, we classify the ba
iers like so: professionals, customers, the construction industry, and government perception ba
iers. This will help to develop strategies to overcome obstacles. In short, the overall method of overcoming obstacles is proposed, and the future research direction is pointed out. The development as well as construction of the low-ca
on buildings is the most powerful measure to encourage the scientific development of construction industry, the only way to enhance people's living standards, and an unstoppable movement to save planet. From the viewpoint of the complete life cycle, important points and actions for the construction and development of low-ca
on buildings throughout planning, layout design, construction, and operation are discussed, so that the ca
on footprint can be controlled and reduced to form a healthy and sustainable cycle development model. Therefore, the research conclusions show that the government through the engineering department, academic institutions, local government departments, professional regulatory agencies and professional associations should make greater and better joint efforts to establish a clearer professional significance for SDC, so that stakeholders have comprehensive understanding of the concept that promotes the creation of a common goal of mainstreaming sustainability into the Tanzanian design and construction industry.
2.Objective:
The purpose of the study was to understand the opportunities and challenges of sustainable building practices. This paper assesses the cu
ent state of sustainable building practices and attempts to understand the challenges of limiting further growth. Identifying strategies that contribute to adopting sustainable building practices requires strategies to increase the use of sustainable building practices (Akadiri, 2015). This paper provides theoretical and empirical evidence for specific communication and education strategies. The purpose of this research was to determine a level of a sustainability performance of local stakeholders in cu
ent construction business. For this study, the idea of sustainable development is splited into two diverse perspectives, including financial sustainability (economic aspects) and non-financial sustainability (social and environmental aspects).
3.Specific Objectives:
a) To analyse factors that hinder the adoption of sustainable buildings.
) To explore ba
iers to the utilization of sustainable building methods as well as materials for sustainable building.
c) To identify the benefits along with applications of innovative template design for the development of zero-ca
on buildings and their applications.
4.Introduction or Background
Organizations, stakeholders and researchers have come up with descriptions of construction industry, depending on their respective goals and perspectives. The description of the construction business can be approximately divided into
oad and na
ow definitions(Anand and Sen, 2013). As per(Scognamiglio and Røstvik, 2012), the construction business can be seen as professional companies and organizations (and their agent associations) that contribute to construction, management, maintenance, and deconstruction/demolition of buildings. Departments are also defined as activities involving the creation of the physical infrastructure, superstructures, housing along with other associated facilities. Buildings have a significant environmental impact on their life cycle. Therefore, there is necessity to plan and build green buildings that minimize problems associated with environmental damage due to the construction of the building (Akroush et al., 2016)
Green buildings use fewer natural resources, water and energy. It produces less waste as well asmake available a healthful living environment for inhabitants. The construction business is larger user of the natural resources, so it is necessary to design buildings with a low environmental impact. The concept of green building is coming and the needs of today's construction industry are sustainable. It has been observed that the construction of commercial and residential sectors in some cities has grown significantly. The idea of a green building is more widely accepted in the commercial sector than in the housing sector(Asdrubali, D'Alessandro and Schiavoni, 2015). Therefore, the study was done to understand the views of the builders on the concept of green building in residential buildings, the reasons for accepting the concept of green building as well as the obstacles to approving the concept of green building. This paper will examine various aspects related to sustainable architecture. These include sustainable building in construction industry, the utilization of sustainable building methods as well as materials, obstacles to sustainable building, in addition, finally how to overcome these obstacles, encouraging construction professionals to adopt environmental-friendly and life cycle costs on using rainwater reservoirs for the residential buildings. Expansion of the zero ca
on emission buildings and application benefits and application for advanced template design (Aydin, 2016).
5. Sustainable building in the construction industry
5.1 Adoption of sustainable building in the construction industry
Figure 1: Framework for implementing sustainability in building construction
Source: Researcher own work
Sustainable development is important for managing and protecting the environment. Sustainability issues involve various factors at the global and local levels, making sustainable development a common problem in diverse business sectors, which in turn creates common work practice differences in several cases. The sustainable development challenge is a long-term challenge for humanity (Bapna, 2012). According to (Vandevyvere and Heynen, 2014), people who design and build with sustainable development methods will be recompensed with less responsibility, new markets as well as earth-friendly construction processes that will benefit future and present generations achieve enhancedlife quality. As per the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), ran by Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norwegian, the general notion of sustainable development was proposed as “the growth of fulfilling cu
ent needs without conceding the capability of upcoming generations to fulfiltheir own requirements”. Since then, the meaning of sustainable development has changed (Behl, Sharma and Kumar, 2014). WCED claims that the sustainable development needs the implementation of three ideas simultaneously, including social equity, economic prosperity and environmental quality. One aspect of loss can mean another loss. As perDarko and Chan, (2016), economic and environmental benefits should also
ing societal benefits.
Table: Adoption of green building
Source: researchgate.net
5.2 Use of sustainable construction methods and materials
Materials are crucial part of the building construction. The nature of the mechanical, physical and chemical materials and the proper design are liable for building the mechanical strength. Consequently, the plan of the green buildings must begin with selection and utilization of environmentally friendly materials which have characteristics associated with or superior than conventional building materials (Guija
o and Poyatos, 2018). The building materials are often chosen through financial, technical and functional requirements. Though, since sustainability is animportantmatter in the past few years, the construction sector indirectly or directly causes a significant portion of an annual environmental degradation, and may assume the compulsion to promote sustainable development by discoveringfurther environmental-friendly buildings and construction methods.The direction of the solution includes novel material applications, reuse and recycling, sustainable manufacturing of products or the use of the green resources. Cautious selection of environmentally sustainable building resourcesmight is the speediest way for the builders to integrate sustainable design ideas in buildings. In general, price is always the key consideration when equating related resources or materials chosen for like purposes. However, the worth of building resources represents only transportation and manufacturing costs, not environmental or social costs(Ho, Law and Lim, 2017).
Figure 2: Three phases of the Sustainable building material life
Buildings have anenormous impact upon the environment, utilizing approximately 40% of the natural resources extorted by the industrialized countries, consuming almost 70% of the electricity and 12% of drinking water, as well as producing 45% to 65% of waste of natural resources. Ga
age is disposed of in our landfill (Lee, Trcka and Hensen, 2011). In addition, due to their operation, they cause large amount of detrimentalsecretions, accounting for around 30% of the greenhouse gases, and the other 18% are produced indirectly by the material mining and transportation. Simultaneously, poor indoor environmental quality might
ing health complications to office workers, thus decreasing efficiency. In addition, construction consumes around 40 percent of raw stone, sand and gravel utilized worldwide per year, and 25% of raw timber annually. From the perspective of environmental impact, the construction industry has a major impact on overall environment. Housing buildings account for a large proportion of built environment, in addition, the choice of materials as well as layout is essential for overall sustainability. The research community around the world has taken considerable steps to find alternate sustainable building resources and low-tech systems to make buildings more affordable and sustainable, meeting the luxury standards needed today (Lotfabadi, 2014).
Table 1: Component of Sustainable Green Materials
Eco Friendly Construction Methods
Decreasingconsumption of energy is an important survival approach due to the decreasing fossil fuels as well as threat of universalweather change. Choose to build green to save energy. The lower energy consumption of the green products guarantees low energy consumption in manufacturing and production, directly reducing ca
on emissions. Environmental-friendly design methods may further decreaseconsumption of energy by diminishing energy input for lighting, cooling and heating, and using energy-efficient equipment. Saving energy for inhabitants can likewise save money - as fossil fuel costs inevitably increase in the near future; this issue will become gradually important. Environmentally friendly buildings may not only support to create animproved outdoor environment, but likewise help create a better indoor environment (Mog, 2015). Traditional building methods and materials are associated with a wide-range of the health issues. Chemical contaminants such as composite wood, solvents, plastics and paints, as well as biological contaminants,for example, dust mites, can cause symptoms like asthma, eczema, depression, headache, palpitations and long-lastingtiredness syndrome. The green buildings eradicate these complications with
eathable walls, good ventilation and the utilization of natural as well as non-toxic materials and products (Rivera, 2013).
5.3 Ba
iers of the sustainable building and, ultimately, how these obstacles can be overcome to inspire construction professionals to use environmentally friendly
Building a much sustainable constructed environment is rising concern for construction business in both developing and developed countries. It requires the tremendous efforts of all shareholders, but they confrontinternal and external ba
iers that hinder aneasy transition to the sustainable building (SC) practices. Significant growth has occu
ed in u
anization and infrastructure development in most developing nations. This is apparent in Africa and Asia. The construction industry in Hong Kong, China, Malaysia, Nigeria, Tanzania, and South Africa is experiencing marvellous growth (Aksamija, 2015). In addition to these expansions, there are also negative influences of construction on the environment. Most developing nations face problems of rapid u
anization, poverty, and weak governance, low levels of technology, inadequate institutional capacity, environmental development and social inequalities. All of this has led to the several challenges in development.Studies from very developed countries that have found obstacles to the implementation of the SC.Zhao and Pan, (2015)use stakeholder detachment to sustainability as the most common ba
ier in their research. Zhao and Pan, (2015) explored ba
iers to participation of shareholders in the construction industry for sustainable development. They divided the obstacles into three categories. The first involves individual perception...