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1302 Test 4 “Rosie the Riveter”  6.5 million women at work in W.W. II helping military (clerks, drivers, cooks, etc.) Another 13 million women worked in factories Women in W.W.II  Women in W.W.II ...

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1302 Test 4
“Rosie the Riveter”

6.5 million women at work in W.W. II helping military (clerks, drivers, cooks, etc.)
Another 13 million women worked in factories
Women in W.W.II

Women in W.W.II

President Camacho declared war on Axis Powers after Germany sunk two Mexican oil tankers in the Gulf of Mexico
201st Fighting Mexican Squadron (some trained at the Brownsville airport) fought in the Philippines
Mexico also provided allies with: metals, minerals, oil, ru
er and fibers
Mexico relocated 2100 Japanese and seized German bank accounts
Mexico in World War II

Mexico as an ally

Mexican W.W.II poste

201st

Children in W.W.II

Tuskegee Airmen

D Day Invasion


Oct, 1944 – Largest sea battle ever fought
Kamikazes “Divine Wind”
Battle of Leyte Gulf


Albert Einstein
Most expensive U.S. project up to that time
This project created the atomic bombs
3 bombs were made: Trinity, Little Boy, Fat Man
Manhattan Project

Manhattan Project

Albert Einstein


J. Robert Oppenheime

April, XXXXXXXXXXFDR dies
V.P. Ha
y Truman becomes president
Ha
y Truman

May 8, 1945
Berlin captured
Hitler commits suicide
V. E. Day “”Victory over Europe”
Germany su
enders

Trinity (July 1945)

Little Boy and Fat Man

Delivers two remaining atomic bombs to Tinian Island in the northern Marianas
It was sunk on it’s return voyage
U.S.S. Indianapolis


Aug 6, 1945 – 8:15am
Hiroshima had an army base and munitions factory
Over 100,000 Japanese died
Hiroshima

Aug. 9, 1945
2nd atomic bomb dropped
Naval base
40,000-60,000 deaths
Nagasaki

Nagasaki


Atomic blast

Blast victims

Atomic blast

Atomic victims

Atomic destruction

August 10, 1945
Japanese emperor Hirohito asked his people to su
ende
Japan agreed as long as they could keep their emperor as a figurehead leade
Hirohito

Hirohito

August 14, 1945
V.J. Day – “Victory over Japan”
Japan su
enders

Economics:
1 – Centralization and integration of corporate activities
2 – Industrial development of the sunbelt
3 – Expansion of overseas operations by U.S. companies
4 – Beginning of computers
World War II:

Baby boomers

12 million people exterminated by Germany during W.W.II
Including 6 million Jews
Perhaps 75% of the European Jewish population perished
Holocaust

Holocaust

Holocaust

Holocaust

XXXXXXXXXXDiplomatic and economic hostility, and conflict, between the U. S. and the U.S.S.R. (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) without actual warfare
Nuclear arms race between these two post-W.W.II superpowers
Cold Wa


1945 – headquartered in New York
Replaced the ineffective League of Nations
Member nations pledge to promote world peace
Establishes international law and hears and resolves problems between nations
2016 – 193 member nations
United Nations

1947 - U.S. pledge to help any country who do not want to fall to communism
U.S. will give money and weapons
Two main threats of falling to communism were Greece and Turkey
Truman Doctrine applies to other countries as well
Truman Doctrine

Ha
y Truman

1949 - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
A military alliance among members
Ends American isolation
“An attack against one, is an attack against all”
NATO

NATO

Western Europe was destroyed after the war and was vulnerable to a communist take ove
U.S. rebuilds their economies with over $12 billion in funds
U.S. needs their economies strong for trade. (We don’t trade with communist)
Marshall Plan (1948)


1947 – President Ha
y Truman signed the National Security Act which created the Central Intelligence Agency
Created in part by the British example and success of their Secret Intelligence Service (MI6)
Gather, process, and analyze national security information from around the world.
CIA

https:
www.cia.gov/index.html
CIA

Fear of Communism
XXXXXXXXXX, popularly known as “McCarthyism”
Named after Senator Joseph McCarthy
Causes: espionage (spying). Example: the trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg.
Chinese Civil War (China joined the communist world)
Soviet Union’s nuclear weapons
Second Red Scare

Second Red Scare


XXXXXXXXXX
Containment (George Kennan)
With United Nations approval, Truman sends troops to Korea to stop the spread of communism
Compromise at the 38th-parallel
33,000 American lives
Korea

Korean Wa

1951 (Ratified)- officially limits the president to two terms in office
(A reaction to FDR)
XXII Amendment

1957 – Soviet Union shocked the world by launching the world’s 1st satellite
Successfully o
ited the earth in 90 minutes
1958 – U.S. creates NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
Sputnik I

Wins 1952 and 1956 presidential elections (Republican)
1953 - Operation Ajax – Addressed the possible spread of communism into Iran
1957 - Eisenhower Doctrine – containment of communism of the Middle East
Aggression against communism: long-range bombers, long-range missiles, nuclear weapons
Dwight D. Eisenhowe

Eisenhowe

1952 – National Security Agency
Fort Meade, Maryland
“Defending Our Nation. Securing the Future.”
Collects data for national defense
NSA

NSA

1955 – Military and economic alliance between the Soviet Union and other communist nations
The communist answer to NATO
Warsaw Pact


Strong American dollar and buying powe
1956 - Federal Highway Act - creates first interstate highway system
Automobile sales increase
Television
Computers (begin)
Low Unemployment
Corporate America
1950’s - Economy

1956 - Cadillac

1954 – Brown verses Board of Education
Overturned Plessy verses Ferguson (1896)
Desegregates public education
Backed by NAACP and Jewish interests
Chief Justice Earl Wa
en
Civil Rights

1955 – Rosa Parks and Montgomery bus boycott
Ends segregated public transportation
Martin Luther King, Jr. and Passive Resistance
(assassinated in 1968 – James Earl Ray)
Civil Rights

1957 – Little Rock Central High School
Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus blocks 9 African American children from this public school
President Eisenhower sends in 101st Ai
orne Division
Event covered by television
Civil Rights

Little Rock Central High

Little Rock

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Rosa Parks

1951 – Charles Townes - laser
1954 – American microbiologist Jonas Salk developed vaccine against polio
1956 – 1st transatlantic telephone cable
1958 – Jack Ki
y – integrated circuit
Technology

Cold Wa

Cold Wa

Cold Wa

Cold Wa

Polio

Antibiotics

1959 – seized power in Cuba by overthrowing Fulgencio Batista
Nationalized American owned oil refineries and allied with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev
U.S. imposed economic sanctions against Cuba
Fidel Castro

Fulgencio Batista

Nikita Khrushchev

John F. Kennedy becomes first and only Catholic president (Democrat)
Election of 1960

Election of 1960

1961 – A failed CIA attempt under Kennedy to remove Castro from power in Cuba
Bay of Pigs

1962 – Military Airforce spy planes (U-2) photographed nuclear missiles being established in Cuba by the Soviet Union
U 2 Spy Planes

1962 – JFK dispatched the U.S. Navy to su
ound (quarantine) Cuba
Not to allow Soviet ships in to Cuba
Results: U.S.S.R. agrees to remove missiles from Cuba, and America agrees to disarm Turkey
Cuban Missile Crisis

Cuban Missile Crisis


John F. Kennedy


1964 - Signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson who became president after Kennedy assassination
Outlawed segregation and established the Fair Employment Practice, lessening discrimination in employment against:
Sex, race, religion, age
Today – AGE discrimination is the problem in the workforce
Handicapped were excluded.
Civil Rights Act - 1964

Lyndon B. Johnson

1965 – Federal law signed by Johnson
Banned literacy tests and voting discrimination
Voting Rights Act

24th Amendment – “The right of citizens to vote…shall not be denied…by reason or failure to pay poll tax or other tax.”
XXIV

25th Amendment – If the president cannot do their job, then the vice president shall take over.
(A result, in part, to the Kennedy assassination)
XXV

Kent State

African-American activists of the 1960’s
Malcolm X (assassinated in 1965)
Radical militant group formed in Oakland, California
Encouraged African-Americans to arm themselves
A.K.A. – Black Berets
African-American equivalence to the Ku Klux Klan
Black Panthers

Malcolm X

College Distu
ances

(See Roy Benavides film)
XXXXXXXXXXVietnam War
Was originally French Indo-China Before American involvement
Communist in Northern Vietnam under Ho Chi Minh successfully fought and won their independence from France
America became concerned of the spreading of communism
Vietnam Wa

America sought a policy of containment
1959 - 1st U.S. troops a
ived in Vietnam under Eisenhowe
1960’s - American troops increased to 500,000
1975 – Last American troops leave
Vietnam Wa

Vietnam

Vietnam Wa

Vietnam Wa

26th Amendment - the right to vote for age 18 and above
XXVI
26th Amendment

Richard Nixon (Republican) won 1968 and 1972 presidential elections
CREEP – Committee to Re-elect the President
Broke into the Democratic headquarters housed in the Watergate building in Washington, D.C.
They were caught and president Nixon was linked and he tried to cover this up
Nixon resigned the presidency
Richard Nixon

Election of 1968

Troops in Vietman

Richard Nixon

Became president when Nixon resigned
Ford’s vice president was Nelson Rockefeller
Ford pardoned Nixon
Gerald Ford

Gerald Ford

Won the 1976 election (Democrat)
He won against Gerald Ford
Carter created the Department of Energy to research and develop alternative fuel sources including nuclear energy
Carter negotiated the Camp David Accords in which Egypt recognized Israel as a country and in return Israel returned the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt
Jimmy Carter

XXXXXXXXXXAmericans were taken hostage in Iran from the American Embassy
Carter sent a military rescue mission that failed
Carter was unable to get the Americans released which hurt his chances of re-election
Jimmy Carte

Jimmy Carte

Wins 1980 presidential election (Republican) against Carter
The American hostages in Iran were released the day he became president
He was a conservative who favored traditional family values
Reagan cut social programs and increased military spending ($1 million per minute)
Ronald Reagan

He cut taxes for wealthy Americans and supported less government in big business
Re-elected in 1984
SDI- Strategic Defense Initiative “Star Wars”
A trillion dollar program which will use laser beams to destroy incoming Soviet missiles
He traveled to Moscow and negotiated a reduction in nuclear weapons with Mikhail Go
achev
By 1991 the Soviet Union collapsed
Ronald Reagan

Ronald Reagan

Crude-Oil Imports and Gasoline Prices

Election of 1980

Reagan's vice president George Bush (Republican)
Won 1988 election U.S. versus (Democrat) Michael Dukakis of Massachusetts
Former ambassador to China and former director of the CIA
Fought a “war” against illegal drugs from coming into America especially cocaine
Dispatched troops to Iraq after Suddam Hussain invaded Kuwait
Passed the Americans with Disabilities
Answered Same Day Aug 10, 2021

Solution

Tanmoy answered on Aug 10 2021
116 Votes
United States of America from World War II till now
United States of America did not participated in World War I although President Woodrow Wilson requested the Congress to declare war against Germany due to unrestrictive submarine warfare of Berlin policy. It was the major European nations like Britain, Germany and France followed by Italy and Russia which participated in WWI. America remained neutral. But it was due to the Japanese air strikes in the naval base of Pearl Ha
our in the year 1941 which made USA attack Japan’s Hiroshima and Nagasaki with two atomic bombs Little boy and fat man killing thousands of people in Japan. Japan finally su
endered in 1945 and Hitler killed himself with the capture of Germany, resulting in the end of WWII. USA decided to strike down the Axis power which was directed by Adolf Hitler of Germany, Hirohito of Japan and Benito Mussolini of Italy. With the two atomic strikes the world observed the super power of America. All the Americans participated in the WWII and around 6.5 million women helped the military as cooks, clerks and helpers and nurses in hospitals. Rosie Will Monroe who worked as a riveter in a willow made aircraft factory making B-24 bombers for the war became a famous icon for the American women as ‘Rosie the Riveter’. Mexico also participated in the World War II as two Mexican oil tankers were destroyed by Germany. They provided the allies which were Britain, United States, China and Soviet Union with mineral, oil, metal and other supports. It was the Battle of Leyte Gulf which destroyed the Japanese air and sea fleets and the US invaded the Philippines and strengthened the allies’ power in the pacific. Even the American children participated in the war by joining the scouts. They helped to collect war materials like scraps and raised money for helping their troops. The US fought the WWII with the support of Tuskegee Airmen who were a group of 1000 African-America military pilots. In June 1944, the US and the British troops landed their paratroopers in Normandy, France to drive back the German military and were known as the D-Day Invasion.
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