How the ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE WORKSHOP works?

REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL VISIT TO
ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE WORKSHOP
INTRODUCTION
Railways were first introduced to India in 1853 from Bombay to Thane. In 1951
the systems were nationalized as one unit, the Indian Railways, becoming one
of the largest networks in the world. IR operates both long distance and
subu
an rail systems on a multi-gauge network of
oad, metre and na
ow
gauges. It also owns locomotive and coach production facilities at several places
in India and are assigned codes identifying their gauge, kind of power and type
of operation. Its operations cover twenty four states and three union te
itories
and also provides limited international services to Nepal, Bangladesh and
Pakistan.
Indian Railways is the world's fourth largest commercial or utility employer, by
number of employees, with over 1.4 million employees. As for rolling stock, IR
holds over 229,381 Freight Wagons, 59,713 Passenger Coaches and 9,213
Locomotives. The trains have a 5 digit numbering system as the Indian
Railways runs about 10,000 trains daily. As of 31 March 2012, 22,224 km
(13,809 mi) (34%) of the total 65,000 km (40,000 mi) km route length was
electrified.
[4]
Since 1960, almost all electrified sections on IR use 25,000 Volt
AC traction through overhead catenary delivery.
History of electrification
The first electric train ran between Bombay's Victoria Terminus and Kurla
along the Ha
our Line of CR, on Fe
uary 3, 1925, a distance of 9.5 miles. In
1926, Thana and Mahim were connected. In 1927, electrification was complete
up to Kalyan. In 1928, Borivili in the north was connected (Colaba-Borivili of
WR being inaugurated on May 1). In 1929, Kalyan - Igatpuri section was
commissioned. In 1930, the Kalyan - Poona tracks were opened to electric
trains.
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thane
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subu
an_rail_in_India
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_gauge
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_gauge
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre_gauge
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na
ow_gauge_railway
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_gauge
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locomotive
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coach_%28rail%29
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_te
itories_of_India
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_companies_by_employees
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_stock
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freight_rail_transport
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passenger_car_%28rail%29
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locomotive
http:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Railways#cite_note-im1.indiarailinfo.com-3
Electric Locomotive Parts
Asynchronous Motor: Modern traction motor type using three phase AC electrical
supply and now the favoured design for modern train traction systems. Can be used on DC
and AC electrified railways with suitable control electronics and on diesel-electric
locomotives.
THREE PHASE MOTOR DC SERIES MOTOR
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Min Max
P. Cont. 850 KW 850 KW
Voltage 2180 V 2180 V
Cu
ent 270 A 393 A
frequency 65 HZ 132 HZ
Speed 1283 rpm 2584 rpm
Axle Brush: The means by which the power supply circuit is completed with
the substation once power has been drawn on the locomotive. Cu
ent collected
from the overhead line or third rail is returned via the axle
ush and one of the
unning railsBattery: All trains are provided with a battery to provide start up
cu
ent and for supplying essential circuits, such as emergency lighting, when
the line supply fails. The battery is usually connected across the DC control
supply circuit.
Bucholz Relay: A device inserted in the oil cooling circuits of electric
locomotive transformers to detect low oil pressure. In this event the relay trips
out the power system. Often a source of spurious circuit
eaker trips if not
carefully cali
ated.
Camshaft: Most DC electric traction power circuits use a camshaft to open or
close the contactors controlling the resistances of the traction motor power
circuit. The camshaft is driven by an electric motor or pneumatic cylinder. The
cams on the shaft are a
anged to ensure that the contactors open and close in
the co
ect sequence. It is controlled by commands from the driver's cab and
egulated by the fall of cu
ent in the motor circuit as each section of resistance
is cut out in steps. The sound of this camshaft stepping can be heard under
many older (pre electronics) trains as they accelerate. See also Notching Relay.
Chopper Control: A development in electric traction control which eliminates
the need for power resistors by causing the voltage to the traction motors to be
switched on and off (chopped) very rapidly during acceleration. It is
accomplished by the use of thyristors and will give up to 20% improvement in
efficiency over conventional resistance control.
Circuit Breaker: An electric train is almost always provided with some sort of
circuit
eaker to isolate the power supply when there is a fault, or for
maintenance. On AC systems they are usually on the roof near the
pantograph. There are two types - the air blast circuit
eaker and the vacuum
Capacity 830 KW
Voltage 750 V
Cu
ent 900 A
Poles 6
Speed 895 rpm
http:
www.railway-technical.com/elec-loco-bloc.shtml#Notching
http:
www.railway-technical.com/elec-loco-bloc.shtml#Thyristo
http:
www.railway-technical.com/tract-01.shtml#DCMotorControl
circuit
eaker or VCB. The air or vacuum part is used to extinguish the arc
which occurs as the two tips of the circuit
eaker are opened. The VCB is
popular in the UK and the air blast circuit
eaker is more often seen on the
continent of Europe.
Contactor: Similar to a relay in that it is a remotely operated switch used to
control a higher power local circuit. The difference is that contactors normally
latch or lock closed and have to be opened by a separate action. A lighting
contactor will have two, low voltage operating coils, one to "set" the contactor
closed to switch on the lights; the other to "trip" off the lights. .
Converter: Generic term for any solid state electronic system for converting
alternating cu
ent to direct cu
ent or vice versa. Where an AC supply has to be
converted to DC it is called a rectifier and where DC is converted to AC it is
called an inverter. The word originated in the US but is now common
elsewhere.
Cooling Fans: To keep the thyristors and other electronic power systems cool,
the interior of a modern locomotive is equipped with an air management
system, electronically controlled to keep all systems operating at the co
ect
temperature. The fans...