Choose the third question. Please ensure that all work is original.

Major Assignment
Water Chemistry ENR 205
Fairuz Islam
University of South Australia
110136570
Table of Contents
1Preface
1Discussion
1Cases of serious water pollution experience in the past:
1Sydney, New South Wales
3Mozambique, Limpopo
4Possible remedies:
4Sydney crisis:
4Mozambique crisis
5Chemical Vs Microbial water contamination (Ashbolt 2015,P.100) risk to the human beings:
6References
6Journals
6Websites
Preface
Quality of water has become a serious concern, since implications of the poor-quality water are quite ho
ible. Further the sources of poor-quality water and water polluting agents have increased with the changes in the life styles and trends in the industrialisation and so forth. There is an increased necessity observed and people sensed the need to use good quality water for all their operational requirements and day to day activities . Poor and unacceptable water quality has created serious complications to the communities in the past and even now poor quality water is attributed to several diseases and risks more particularly in the underdeveloped and developing countries where there is lack of advanced technologies. However, still it is not true to say that the developed countries are immune from such water quality problems. This report presents two cases that had created serious public health problems in the past. Further there is discussion on how these hazards would have been managed to either reduce the risk or totally eliminate the same. There is also discussion presented in the article about the relative risk evaluation between microbiologically infected water with chemically polluted water.
Discussion
Cases of serious water pollution experience in the past:
Two cases of water pollution are one from Sydney and the other is from Mozambique. Two incidents from Sydney were reported between July and August of 1998. The Mozambique incident was recorded between 2005 and 2006.
Sydney, New South Wales
In Sydney, the first incident took place in July 21st and the second in mid- August. The water quality tested at few locations in the prospect water filtration units is found to contain parasites on July 21st. The parasites level increased in the water and second turn showed positive findings for growth rate of cryptosporidium and Giardia. Each of these two parasites does have their high risk and potential which is detrimental to the public health (Sharma & Bhattacharya, 2017). The samples collected were from Prospect water filtration plant and from Potts Hill reservoir. The incident happened on 21st July 1998 and in few days the spread of the parasites is seen in several central regions of the city and the readings was also observed to be too high by 25th July. Prospect filter plant is huge plant and works on to take in several mega litres of water per day and supplies the same for several millions of people across the city. The water collected will pass through several stages that include, chlorination, disinfection, fluoridation followed by sand filtrations. Sand filtrations do remove several organisms like the cu
ent parasites upto 99.9%. However during the cu
ent reported crisis the concentration of the cysts and oocysts crossed several hundred in 100L, which is not in the acceptable limits and started creating panic in the authorities. Though it is not due to the
each of the integrity of the system as well not seen throughout in the systems, the distribution of cysts and oocyst were found to be crossed the incident range in few localities of the waster distribution layout of the city. During the crisis in and in the aftermath of the incident followed by several quality control and analysis operations performed by third party auditors and quality control specialists to validate the finding of AWT indicated coincidentally several issues of complications in the quality measures, validation...