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Analysis & Reflection Essay Rubric-2 Essay Rubric Fabulous Excellent Good Inadequate Argument Argument is presented clearly and logically. Logical points build directly upon the...

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Analysis & Reflection Essay Ru
ic-2
Essay Ru
ic
Fabulous Excellent Good Inadequate
Argument
Argument is
presented clearly
and logically. Logical
points build directly
upon the thesis and
prior points.
Argument is
presented
clearly and logically,
ut points do not
necessarily build on
each other.
Argument is
ambling, and there
are contradictions
left unaddressed.
There is no
discernible
argument.
Evidence
Each logical point is
acked up by more
than one example.
Evidence is
strong and sufficient
to advance the
argument. Evidence
is used throughout
the paper to
support each claim
and the larger
thesis.
Each logical point is
acked up by one or
more examples.
Evidence advances
the argument, but it
may not be
sufficient. Uses
evidence in parts to
support ideas OR
elies heavily on one
source. Not always
connected to larger
thesis.
Several points of
the argument are
left without
evidence. Evidence
is insufficient. OR
Overview of
sources/quotes
with no analysis of
the
examples/quotes.
A few pieces of
evidence are
thrown in here or
there, but not
used to defend the
main argument.
Readings
Demonstrates solid
understanding of
the major themes of
the course, using
eadings and
lectures to define
concepts. Argument
is placed within the
oad discussions
outlined in the
course. All relevant
eadings are clearly
used to support the
essay.
Demonstrates
understanding of
most of the major
themes of the
course, using
eadings and
lectures to define
concepts. Argument
is placed within
some discussions
outlined in the
course. All relevant
eadings are used to
support the essay.
Demonstrates
understanding of
some of the major
themes of the
course, using
eadings OR
lectures to define
concepts. Argument
is not placed within
discussions outlined
in the course. Most
elevant readings
are used to support
the essay.
Demonstrates
little
understanding of
the major themes
of the course.
Readings and
lectures are not
used to define
concepts.
Argument is not
placed within
discussions
outlined in the
course. Relevant
eadings are not
adequately used
to support the
essay.
Organizatio
n
Clear organization
with a natural flow.
Includes an
introduction,
transition sentences
to connect major
ideas, and
conclusion. There
are few or no
grammar or spelling
e
ors. Minimal
passive voice. Ideas
and evidence are
co
ectly cited. Each
separate essay is
numbered, clearly
addressing every
part of the essay
question.
Clear organization
with introduction,
transitions and
conclusion, but
writing is not always
fluid. There are
several grammar or
spelling e
ors. Ideas
and evidence are
co
ectly cited.
Essays address
every part of the
essay question.
Organization is
unclear or without
necessary
component parts.
Significant grammar
or spelling e
ors
(but not both).
Ideas & evidence
are co
ectly cited.
Essays address
every part of the
essay question but
not in adequate
depth. Or only
some aspects of the
essay question are
addressed, but
those aspects are
addressed in depth.
Little discernible
organization.
Significant
grammar and
spelling e
ors.
Ideas and
evidence are not
co
ectly cited, or
not cited at all.
Essays do not
address every part
of the essay
question, and
answers are not in
depth.
    Analysis & Reflection Essay Ru
ic-2

Foundation of the
Freedmen’s Bureau
The Constraint of Race
Social Inequalities
Key Considerations
•How a segmented welfare state:
• fuses race & social policy
• perpetuates white skin privilege
• adversely affects people of colo
Aftermath of the
Civil Wa
• Social & economic unrest after Civil War- need for relief
• Bureau requested by private aid societies
• No $ allocated by congress
• Only supposed to last one year after Civil Wa
Freedmen’s Bureau- The Undeserving Poo
• To provide “welfare services to freed persons & white refugees”
• General Howard urged denial of aid to those who could work
• Limited power- unable to redistribute land according to Circular 13
• President Johnson-Circular 15 gave properties to original owners
Stereotypes & Bad Policy
• Federal government unwilling to address social justice for POC
• Perpetuated stereotypes about Black laziness & handouts
• View that aid should be short lived, agencies temporary
• Negative dialogue about programs for poo
Civil War Veteran’s Pensions-
The Deserving Poo
• Generous monthly payments to disabled, widows & dependents
• Distributed mostly to Whites, hard to claim for Blacks
• Government support- no time limit, more generous over time
• First U.S. social security system, focused on incentives
Black Exclusion From
Veteran’s Pensions
• Most slaves didn’t have birth certificates to get aid
• No $ to hire lawyers, find witnesses, pay for applications
• Couldn’t serve as officers-highest pensions
•Widows & children couldn’t establish ma
iage or paternity
• Most didn’t live long enough to see eligibility requirements lifted
Arguments About Undeserving vs. Deserving Poo
• Budgets reflect perceived worth of recipients
• Veterans aid justified by sacrifice to country
• Alternative arguments possible:
• System too open-ended
• Program too costly
• Going to special interests
• Shouldn’t just advantage soldiers
Arguments About Undeserving vs. Deserving Poor (cont.)
• Alternative arguments possible:
• Blacks earned relief after 250 years of unpaid work
• Freedmen sacrificed freedom
• Compensation also makes sense for Freedmen
Policy Implications
• Social construction of race tied deservingness to whiteness
• Blacks forced back into virtual slavery
• Served as template for later New Deal welfare program
QUESTIONS?
Discussion Questions:
Prepare to provide examples & report back from
your groups.
• In what ways did these programs perpetuate white
privilege? How did these programs accomplish this?

Please use these Analysis and Reflection Questions to guide your reading and class dialogue,
your group presentation in class, as well as for your written Analysis and Reflection Essays.
Please select two (2) essays to write, with a minimum of 1 page per question (2 questions = 2
separate essays = 2 pages). Remember to use an appropriate academic essay format including
introductions, clearly articulated arguments, transitions, and conclusions. Please number each
essay with the appropriate question number. Please cite your sources within the text and
provide a list of references at the end of your assignment.
1. Compare and contrast the politics that created the Freedman’s Bureau with the politics
that created the Civil War veteran’s pensions. Be sure to emphasize how a segmented
welfare state fused race and social policy in ways to benefit whites (white skin privilege)
and adversely affected people of color.
2. Critically discuss in detail how the New Deal policies (rather than eliminating White
privilege) expanded White privilege legally, and excluded many African Americans and
the poor from many of its programs.
3. Discuss the various factors, during the 1960’s and mid-1970’s, that led toward the
partial inclusion of people of color and the poor in the American Welfare State. Be sure
to also discuss how each leg of the Welfare State continues to privilege Whites (Chapter
3).
Answered 1 days After Mar 27, 2023

Solution

Dr. Saloni answered on Mar 27 2023
27 Votes
Essays
Essay 1
Introduction:
The creation of the Freedmen's Bureau and Civil War veteran's pensions have been two significant moments in US history. Both programs aimed to assist needy individuals but were created under different political circumstances.
Politics that created the Freedmen's Bureau:
The Freedmen's Bureau was developed in 1865 during the Reconstruction Era. The federal government established the Bureau, and military officials enforced its policies. However, the Bureau's effectiveness was limited by the political climate of the time. The Reconstruction Era characterized the struggle for power between the North and the South. The Bureau was often resisted by Southern politicians who sought to maintain white supremacy.
Politics that made Civil War veteran's pensions:
The Civil War veterans' pensions were established in the late 19th century due to political pressure from veterans' organizations. The pensions were designed to provide financial assistance to Union soldiers injured or disabled during the war. The federal government funded the pension program, which was meant to reward the sacrifices made by veterans. However, the pension program was also characterized by political co
uption, as politicians used the program to secure the loyalty of veteran voters.
Fused race and social policy:
The Freedmen's Bureau and the Civil War veteran's pensions fused race and social policy to benefit whites. Southern politicians sought to maintain white supremacy, and the Bureau was underfunded, which limited its effectiveness. The...
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