3 Question

Answer
In case of ductile material crack grows due to ductile tearing and the graph of ductile tearing shows that it consumes a
lot amount of energy to develop a crack by plastic flow. The bigger the plastic flow the more energy is abso
ed during
crack growth which means Gc is very high hence Kc also that’s why the ductile metals have high toughness whereas in
case of ceramics, glasses and rogid polymers plastic flow is comparitively small hence Gc is small so Kc also so they are
not tough as ductile Metals.
Answer
From the observation of crack propagation shown below we can see that a...