Youhave FOUR Case studies in this assignment (All four case studies must be completed). 2020 -Assignment_CASE STUDIES FINAL.docx You will need to consult references and your lecture notes in order to...

Case studies: these case studies may appear to be challenging, but it is important to plan your work and undertake each case study in a systematic way. By adopting a systematic approach with each case, you will be able to develop appropriate therapeutic recommendations for each patient.
In your timetable there is a scheduled session to go through the case studies so that you are equipped to complete the assessment.
Note: you need to complete all four cases studies. You also have a summary question (maximum 150 words) at the end of the case studies that you need to complete. The summary question is an opportunity for you to describe how you have completed this assignment.
Remember that this assignment is worth 30% of your final grade. All questions are worth the same number of marks, different numbers of words may be required for different answers. You have a total of 1500 words for this assignment.
Tips to tackle these case studies
1. Carefully read and think about the information included in the case study.
0. Take notes, highlight relevant facts, underline key problems.
0. Look up the meaning of words you don’t know and start a glossary for yourself.
A glossary is a list of terms in a subject with accompanying definitions.
0. If you need to look up the meaning of terms or words one of the most reliable sources of information can be found at https:
medlineplus.gov/healthtopics.html
MedlinePlus is produced by the U.S. National Li
ary of Medicine and provides authoritative information in clear non-medical language.
0. I have suggested by using italics some of the words you should be looking up. I have started a glossary for you on the next page.
1. Focus your analysis
1. The questions that are asked are there to guide you. Answer the questions.
1. Uncover possible solutions
2. Review course materials and outside research as suggested. Remember to reference the outside resources that you use.
2. Use APA referencing. References are included in your total word count
2. To reference co
ectly see http:
mit.libguides.com/nursing-referencing
1. Select the best solution(s)
3. Consider strong supporting evidence, pros, and cons: is this solution realistic?
1. Answer the questions in the allotted spaces – The boxes will expand as you type. The final document, (cases, questions and your answers) should be uploaded on Canvas. The document should be uploaded as YOUR ID_FAMILY NAME.
EXAMPLE GLOSSARY (You will see that I have put the words in alphabetical order.)
Anterior: nearer the front, especially in the front of the body
Lymph node: A small bean-shaped structure that is part of the body’s immune system. Lymph nodes filter substances that travel through the lymphatic fluid, and they contain lymphocytes (white blood cells) that help the body fight infection and disease. There are hundreds of lymph nodes found throughout the body. They are connected to one another by lymph vessels. Clusters of lymph nodes are found in the neck, underarm, chest, abdomen, and groin.
Oedematous: An accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluid in cells, tissues, or body cavities. 
CASE STUDY 1
Peter, a 76-year-old man, presented to outpatients—after having been refe
ed by his general practitioner—with 6 weeks of intermittent lower abdominal pain, vomiting, anorexia, and fe
ile episodes.
He had been treated for a urinary tract infection by his general practitioner, with no improvement.
The computed tomography (CT scan) suggested intestinal perforation secondary to an ingested bone. The patient was taken to the operating theatre and a loop of intestine resected. Once the incision was closed, the patient was returned to the ward where he was treated with a number of different I.V. antibiotics.
Remember the tips to tackle case studies above. 375
    1
    The intravenous antibiotics that will be injected in Peter includes Cefazolin of 2 grams to 3 grams. The drug will be recommended with a redosing interval of 4. The Cefazolin is a cephalosporin antibiotic, which had helped in preventing bacterial infections at the site of operation where incision was made (Therapeutic Guidelines, 2020). It will protect Peter from gram positive bacteria and few gram-negative bacteria. Beside Peter will also be injected with Ampicillin sublactum at a dosage of 3 grams, where the ampicillin with of dosage 2 grams and sulbactam at 1 gram. Ampicillin sublactum treats bacterial infection in the intestine where it has been operated. In addition, the Cefazolin helps in stabilising the Ampicillin sublactum.
    2
    Post-operative infection of the wound is the most common situation that may arise in case the proper antibiotics are not injected through IV in the patient. This kind of infections are called SSI or the surgical site infection. This condition can complicate the course of recovery of the patient. As stated by CDC, the infections start developing 30 days after the operation where colonisation of bacteria occurs in the alimentary canal as well as genital tract (Butt, Ahmad, Saeed, Saleem & Javaid, 2019). Under such circumstance the organism which is most prone to infect the site of surgery is Staphylococcus aureus and other endogenous flora that can inhibit the healing process of the surgical area.
    3
    As stated by CDC there are around 50,000 different type of infections related to the surgical site. For Peter, it is important that the prophylactic antibiotics are introduced within one before the surgical incision. This is called the peri-operative prophylactic antibiotics. After 24 hours of operation, the perioperative antibiotics are replaced by the post-surgical antibiotics. Both the drugs that are administered in to Peter Sulbactam and...