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Running Head: ASSESSMENT 2 ESSAY        1
ASSESSMENT 2 ESSAY         9
WESTERN SYDNEY UNIVERSITY
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY
UNIT 401005 ASSESSMENT 2 ESSAY
SCENARIO TOPIC 2: FOR BACHELOR OF NURSING
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Significant Aspects of Psychosocial Development occu
ing to Children from 2 to 5 years of Age and its Impact on them    3
Conclusion    6
References    8
Introduction
Psychological developments that help the child to know more about the society around them is termed as psychosocial development. Children are able to gain awareness about the world, its people and the ways of life, by and by, as they grow, which directly or indirectly lay impact on their personality. Hence, parents and care-providers are expected to inculcate this awareness into them since infancy, especially between 2 and 5 years. The present essay ventures to identify these aspects of psychosocial development within this age
acket, so that their impacts on Julie in the case scenario can be assessed.
Significant Aspects of Psychosocial Development occu
ing to Children from 2 to 5 years of Age and its Impact on them
The concept of psychosocial development has been introduced and well-explained by Erikson, who divided psychological growth of children inside their environment into 8 distinct stages. As mentioned by Ball (2014), any healthy child can be witnessed to grow through the eight stages of their development, which initiate from their infancy, however, can continue to develop throughout their life span. It is a gradual enhancement of a child’s understanding, which develops from their association with their parents. Those, who are under the care or guidance of care providers, are also subjected to such development, based on what they receive from the latter.
However, as criticised by Huang, Peters, Vaughn and Witko (2014), the way, a child develops, is not solely dependent on these two segments of individuals; there are others as well, who have significant role in the psychological growth of the child. They are its friends, teachers, neighbours and other people in society, which is why this development is termed as psychosocial development on a
oader context. As supported by Kearney and Ful
ook (2014), development occurs in stages of ‘trust versus mistrust’, ‘autonomy versus doubt’, ‘inferiority versus industry’, ‘initiative versus guilt’, ‘isolation versus intimacy’, ‘ego versus disparity’, ‘stagnancy versus generativity’ and ‘identity versus role confusion’. Hence, all these stages are not only developed from the cognitive, expected normal way, but also from social or physical influences that might be drastically different from the normal way.
In case of Julie, her delay in transiting to toilet training can be considered as a stance of social influences, wherein she wants to be trained physically, rather than being automatically used to the process like her peers. Hence, here she might need sensory support to gain her reactive skills to toileting, which is very natural for a child aged her age. As stated by Walle (2016), children aged 2-5years can speak 50-worded sentences, learn letters and counting, all of which have been evident in case of Julie. Besides, she, going to the day care centre, can also be said to have developed the skills to make friends and learn new things, which are all normal cognitive growth indications.
Hence, her delay or lack of toileting awareness can only be attributed to a gradual training process from her...