Understanding VLANs, in particular,How they separate traffic.Trunking between switches and...

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Understanding VLANs, in particular,How they separate traffic.Trunking between switches and routersNative VLANs and their roleDynamic Routing.Understand the difference between RIPv1 and RIP v2.Understanding ‘discontiguous’ networks.Understand Parent, Child and Ultimate routes.Be able to understand and read a routing table.Static RoutingUnderstand static, default static, summary static and floating static routes and determine what each ‘actually does.Describe how the static routing process moves packets from one location to another.Explain how one static route is preferred to another.Understand where and when static and default static routes would be used.Be able to troubleshoot static routing.

Robert · Accepted Answer

VLAN 
VLAN is Virtual Local Area Network, which is partitioned in a computer network at layer 2 (data link 
layer). Virtual means an object reformed by additional logics which group network devices logically.  
It recreates the functionality of network traffic and process through tags with packets and handle it in 
network. Within network, it is physically on single network however acts as separate networks. This is 
how it separate network traffic.
Trunking between switches and routers 
Trunking ensure that there is carriers traffic from more than two VLANs over point to point link 
between devices and ensure inter VLAN communication between switch and the router by trun
king configuration. By configuring trunking over an LAN channel link, multiple VLAN information 
can achieve over the high bandwidth channel. 
Native VLANs and their role
A Switch port usually configured as a trunk port send and receive IEEE 801.q VLAN tagged 
Ethernet frames.  
Suppose a switch obtains untagged Ethernet frames on its Trunk port then it sends to the VLAN 
that configured on the switch which is native VLAN.  Figure shows the two sides of the trunk 
link configured as same native VLAN. Example shown in the figure shows connection between 
the switches xyz.com.sw1 and xyz.com.sw2 are connected using Hub. Some other computers 
are also connected. Hub and computer are not aware of tagging protocol. 
Dynamic Routing 
 
It is a technique that offer finest data routing in network. It works based on real time network la
yout changes. In this routing the table creation, maintenance and updating is done by the route
r itself on the basis of some operation of Protocol (Routing).  
 
Dynamic routing table creation and updating is done by the router which based on operation of 
routing protocol.   
It uses several algorithms and protocols. Most popular are:  
 
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) 
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) 
 
Difference between RIPv1 and RIP v2 
RIPv1 RIPv2 
Use Broadcasting Use multicast (244.0.0.9) 
It is classfull routing Protocol  This protocol is classless protocol 
Authentication is not required in Algorithm Authentication is required 
It Support Fix length subnet mask It Support Variable length subnet mask 
Class boundary summarization is automatic in 
this 
Class boundary summarization is based on ma
nual operation.

Understanding VLANs, in particular, How they separate traffic. Trunking between switches and routers Native VLANs and their role Dynamic Routing. Understand the difference between RIPv1 and RIP v2....

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