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Ans1 – the three functions of the integumentary system are:-
a. It protects our body from harmful UV rays
. It helps our body keeping away from dehydration.
c. It generates vitamin D with the help of ultraviolet light exposure (Fadini, 2016).
Ans 2- melanocytes play the role of producing melanin in the human body which results in skin pigmentation (found in skin, eyes, hair, nasal cavity and inner ear)and thus the whole process is called melanogenesis.
Ans3- other than melanin, other components of the body which determine the skin color are:-
a. Haemoglobin, circulating in the veins
. Connective tissue in the dermis layer of the skin
Ans4- keratinocytes are the most abundant cell in the epidermis.
Ans5- c. Germinativum-: which is also called a stratum basale that is often termed as the deepest layer which is found in the deepest of the five layers due to the epidermis. this is found beneath the outer layer that is the cover in the skin.
Ans6- there are numerous effects that aging causes in the skin. Few of them are:-
a. With the growing age, our skin becomes rougher.
. Skin becomes less elastic which results in skin sagging. This happens because of loss of elastin and collagen in the skin.
c. As we grow in age our uppermost layer of skin starts thinning and as a result of which our skin becomes more transparent.
d. With the passage of time, the dermis and the epidermis layer come together getting flattered which results in the fragility of the skin.
Ans7- secretion of sebum is important as it keeps the skin waterproof. It acts as a guard to the skin in two ways, avoiding too much water getting in the skin and also controlling water to get out of the skin in abundance.
Ans8- stretch marks are a result of skin stretching and pulling (Griffin, 2015). In spite of the fact that our skin has the elasticity properties, out of the box stretching (stretching beyond a limit) may result in the disruption in the production of collagen(a kind of protein which makes connective tissue).
Ans9- skin plays an important role in the thermoregulation of our body. When the outside temperature is more than the body temperature our body starts abso
ing heat and as a result of it our body temperature rises. Also, it becomes moist and dry. These are the same symptoms which could be seen in the patient. she was sweating a lot and her skin was warm and dry. So, it is concluded that the patient suffered a heat stroke and not heat exhaustion.
Ans10-
The four stages of the physiological stages during the development of the scar tissue are the-“
 The first stage is the restriction in the matrix related due to the connective and fi
ous tissue. It is due to the physiological steps such as the increased temperature, or the increased oxygenation along with the
eakdown
ealignment of collagen fibers.
The second stage is the adhesions form
Then changes to the tissue but still at this stage the treatment is required,
Finally, a replacement occurs of the tissue.
Ans11- there is a difference between indigenous aboriginal and Anglo Saxon person's skin color.
Anglo Saxon- they are fair, dry and thin-skinned people whose skin is very prone to sunburning. They have an early scar aging visible skin. Bruising to their skin is more obvious. They face a greater chance of skin cancer (Kuo, 2016).
Indigenous aboriginal- it is the basic skin color of Australian people.
Ans12- according to our above answer, the Anglo Saxons are more likely to get sunburn because of their fair skin and low melanin in their body. The dark skin people have a darker skin, to begin with, the sunburn so fairly skin people have more tendency for skin burning under the sun.
Ans13- transdermal patches can be applied to any clean and dry area without hair with exception of two areas that are
east area and mouth.
Ans14- hyperhidrosis is a condition of excessive sweating in a human body which is not necessarily related to exercise or heat contact. The sweating can happen in some specific area or to the whole body. Some of the treatments which are commonly used to avoid this problem are:
a. Use of antiperspirant which can help to avoid sweating.
. Use of armpit shields to avoid sweat coming in contact with clothes.
c. Neglect the use of some kind of synthetic fibers like nylon which may produce worse results on skin. Instead, we should use loose cotton clothing.
d. Use of synthetic shoe use must be avoided, instead of it shoes made from natural material like leather must be used. Also, cotton and sweat abso
ing...