The objective of this assignment is to enable you to demonstrate your understanding of federal and state court authority, structures, and functions. Write an essay of 5–6 pages (double spaced,...

FEDERAL COURTS
Answer to Q1
United States Judicial System comprises of two different court systems i.e. –
(i) Federal Court
(ii) State Court
Working of both courts are not totally independent, both courts handle different
types of cases as defined in their authority and often get interacted while dealing
with the cases.
Authority of State and Federal Courts-
State Court get their authority by their own authority system. In past times when
the system of Colonies exists, each colony is having its own judicial system and
Legislation. After that colony system was converted into states so States have
accordingly got the authority to function judicially. At those times no other court
was there to supersede the State Court as of today.
When there were US constitutions, at that time US was operated through “Articles of
Confederation”. In that Article it was clearly mentioned that States will have their
own original Authority regarding all Judicial Matters and Legal Matters relating to
their states.
After that US Constitution was created and in that whole country was treated as
single and Federal Law for whole Country was made into force. As Federal Court
was created by US Constitution so it gets its authority through it only. Federal
Government has supreme authority then State authority regarding the areas
concerning of whole Nation. Matters which do not conflict with Federal Laws were
left under the control of State.
For proper enforcement of Federal Laws in whole Country, US Constitution created
a new authority refe
ed as “Federal Judicial Authority” This authority was confined
with the power related to matters arising from federal Laws.
Answer to Question 2
As discussed above, Federal Court System was created by US Constitution so its
structure is also designed by the Constitution. Federal Court is working on Three
Tire Structure comprising of the following
courts.
These three Tire systems works as follows-
1. US District Court (Trial Tier)
US District Court
US Court Appeals
US Supreme Court
This is the First tire of federal Court system. These courts have their
Jurisdiction according to the geographical areas. They have the Authority
over both Civil and Criminal Case arising within their geographical areas.
Any person aggrieved by the decision of US district court can appeal under
US Court Appeals.
2. US Court Appeals (Intermediate Trial)
This is the second Tire of Federal Courts. This court is the intermediate
session between US District and Supreme Court. There are total 13 US Court
Appeals in US; out of this 12 courts are working within the geographical
limits specified by the US Constitution. These courts generally handle the
appeal cases of US District Court. All these 12 courts are specified by some
number or name given by the authority like United States Court of Appeals
for the Ninth Circuit.
The last Court i.e. the 13th court is called the “United States Court of Appeals
for the Federal Circuit”. This court is having the jurisdiction over the whole
nation or national wide coverance. This court handle the...