· The metabolic differences between skeletal and cardiac muscle as well as the different fi
e types of skeletal muscle.
· What processes consume ATP during muscle activity.
· The main pathways for regenerating ATP inside skeletal and cardiac muscle fi
es.
· The different energy pathways utilised in anaerobic vs aerobic exercise.
· The contribution of liver to supply glucose during exercise
· The contribution of adipose tissue to supply fatty acids during aerobic exercise
· Lactate usage during aerobic exercise
· The role that the nervous and endocrine systems play in mobilising stored substrates during aerobic exercise.
· The delivery of oxygen to working muscle.
· Mechanisms of exercise hyperpnea
· Oxygen usage post-exercise
· Acid
ase balance during exercise
· Cardiovascular changes during aerobic exercise
· Central control of HR and blood distribution
· Effects of altitude on aerobic exercise performance
· Source of heat during exercise
· Sweat as a mechanism to dissipate heat
· Effects of environment of heat dissipation and performance
· The adaptations in the cardiovascular system to aerobic exercise training.
· The adaptations in metabolic pathways in skeletal muscle to aerobic exercise training and de-training.
· The molecular mechanisms of fatigue
· The contribution of diet/nutritional alterations to prevent fatigue.
· Understand that nutrition science is multidisciplinary and complex
· Distinguish between macro- and micro-nutrients and know the nutrient examples.
· State the contribution of macronutrients to energy intake
· Describe the relationship between nutritional state and health consequences and outcomes
· Understand how ingested energy is used or stored
· Identify the central systems and key peptides involved in the control of food intake
· Identify the peripheral systems and key peptides involved in the control of food intake
· Understand the relationship between insulin and glucagon
· Understand what metabolic pathways are influenced by Insulin.
· Define the metabolic pathways glucagon affects.
· Understand the relationship between obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes