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BIOL121 ASSIGNMENT 3: Written assessment
Due date: Friday 16/10/2020 4.00pm
Weighting: 30%
Length and/or format: 1500-word written essay
Purpose: The case study essay allows you to demonstrate your integrated
knowledge of the anatomical and physiological workings of the
healthy human body.
Instructions: Choose ONE of the three case studies provided.
Carefully read all materials provided for your chosen case study.
Use the Word template provided to complete your essay on your chosen
case study. You will need to research the topic beyond your lecture and
workshop material. It is highly recommended that you start with the
textbook.
Include in text citations in your essay and a reference list at the end.
How to submit: Submit online through the Turnitin link provided on LEO.
For submission please name the file with your student number and case
study topic e.g. S00123456_JANE
Important to note:
You MUST write an essay and your answers MUST relate to the person in your chosen case study
• This assessment involves addressing a series of generic questions in the form of an essay.
The questions relate directly to the case studies presented.
• All of your answers must be specific for the person in the case study, marks will not be given
where your essay does not relate to the person in the case study.
• The answers to the questions in the case study must be integrated into an essay, which
should include an appropriate introduction and conclusion.
• You can present the information in the order that you feel flows best; you don’t have to
present it in the order of the questions.
• Your answers must be incorporated into sentences and paragraphs that include facts from
the case study. If presented in question-answer style no marks will be given for quality of
essay.
The purpose of this assessment is for you to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of
NORMAL anatomy and physiology.
• Do not become distracted describing pathophysiological changes
• Do not simply list clinical signs and symptoms.
• Ensure you adequately explain relevant underlying anatomy and physiology.
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Case Study: Stuart
Stuart is a 72yo male who lives alone since his partner died 2 years ago. He has come to see his GP today as
he has had several episodes where he has felt faint, and “may even have passed out on a couple of
occasions”. It is some time since Stuart attended the clinic and you note when weighing him that he has lost
a significant amount of weight, and he doesn’t present as the robust active older person that you remember.
He mentions that he doesn’t cook much and relies on the take-away shop around the corner for most of his
food these days.
He explains that he has been very lonely since he lost his partner but is excited to reveal a new zest for life
now that he has met a new friend, with whom he recently travelled to Cusco, Peru (3400 m above sea level).
While he thoroughly enjoyed the trip, he did mention he found it more difficult than normal to
eathe
there. His relationship has developed sexually, but he has had some difficulty performing. Stuart thought it
was his prostate giving him trouble, but with urging from his new partner he bought some Viagra nasal spray
over the internet.
Physical examination:
Height 178 cm
Weight 70 kg
Appearance Clean, dry skin, thin, significant muscle
wastage
Temperature 37.6◦C
Blood work Blood type = A+
Plasminogen levels are low
HR 80 bpm
BP 105/66 mm Hg
Respiratory rate 22 bpm
Diet Low fi
e, high fat
Past patient history Mobility issues due to osteoarthritis,
was hypertensive for many years,
aspirin in morning. Previous history of
hepatitis.
Social status Living at home, lonely, lately has
occasional sexual contact
Urinalysis:
Blood -
Bilirubin -
Urobilinogen 0.1
Ketone +++
Protein +
Nitrite -
Glucose +
pH 6.0
Specific Gravity 1.015
Leucocytes +
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Guiding Questions
Question 1 (8 marks total)
A. Describe the changes in volume and pressure that will be occu
ing in Stuart’s chest cavity to achieve
inhalation at rest. Explain why these changes are occu
ing, and the effect upon airflow
B. Describe the gas exchange occu
ing between air in Stuart’s alveolar air and pulmonary blood.
Would the rate of gas exchange have changed when Stuart was in Cusco at high altitude? Explain
your answer.
Question 2 (8 marks total)
A. Which ANS response would you expect to dominate after Stuart has had a large bowl of pasta for
lunch? Explain your answer.
B. Which hormone associated with glucose homeostasis would you expect to be most active during this
ANS response? Why? Using your knowledge of glucose homeostasis, explain your answer.
Question 3 (8 marks total)
A. Describe the role of the kidneys in maintaining fluid balance with reference to the role of antidiuretic
hormone (ADH). Is Stuart at risk of not maintaining homeostatic fluid mechanisms? Why/why not?
B. What is a urinalysis and what is its significance for this case? With respect to the glucose component
of Stuart’s urinalysis result, and using your knowledge of normal kidney function, would you expect
this result? Why/why not?
Question 4 (8 marks total)
A. Consider Stuart’s blood pressure result and discuss whether the mean arterial pressure is likely to be
varied from normal. In your answer you must include reference to a change in vessel diameter with
age and
iefly mention the consequences of any change in BP upon kidney function.
B. In this circumstance, do you think the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system or natriuretic peptides
will dominate in the maintenance of Stuart’s blood pressure. Discuss the role of your chosen system
in blood pressure homeostasis to explain your answer.
Question 5 (8 marks total)
A. Stuart is considering knee replacement surgery as a result of his osteoarthritis. If, during the
surgery, Stuart suffered a significant haemo
hage and required a blood transfusion, which blood
type(s) could be safely administered? Explain the potential consequences if Stuart was administered
B- blood.
B. Stuart has been found to have low plasminogen levels. How would this effect the ability of his blood
to clot? Explain your answer.
BIOL121 Semester 2, 2020
Assessment 3: Written assessment (Case study essay)
Student name
Student numbe
Topic
Word count
(excluding reference list)
Type your essay here.
· Remember to include an introduction and conclusion to your essay.
· Your responses should NOT be in a question-answer format.
· Don’t forget to include in-text citations in APA 7th edition format.
References
· Include your reference list (with appropriate APA 7th edition formatting) here.
· If you require assistance with APA referencing conventions, please refer to the Academic Skills Unit LEO site.
Leave this table here to allow staff to indicate the level your work has reached
©ACU 2020 2
85-100%
75-84.5%
65-74.5%
50-64.5%
0-49.5%
Mark
Content coverage and accuracy of answers (40 marks)
Very extensive explanations and exceptional accuracy on each question of the case study.
(34-40 marks)
High level of accuracy with minor omissions in some questions.
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Some omissions and lapses of accuracy, perhaps in the more complex areas of the questions on the case study. These would normally require some revision XXXXXXXXXXmarks)
Some major omissions and significant e
ors of facts or misinterpretations of core concepts on the questions of the case study. Material requires significant revision XXXXXXXXXXmarks)
Serious omissions and e
ors of facts or misinterpretations of core concepts on the questions of the case study. Material requires extensive revision XXXXXXXXXXmarks)
Quality of written communication
(10 marks)
Accurate and concise scientific language and terminology used throughout. Minimal to no e
ors in grammar, syntax and spelling. Essay is consistently structured in a clear and logical manner that is easy to read.
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Accurate and concise scientific language and terminology used throughout. Few e
ors in grammar, syntax and spelling. Overall, essay is structured in a clear and logical manner that is easy to read.
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Mostly accurate and concise scientific language and terminology used throughout. Some e
ors in grammar, syntax and spelling.
Essay is mostly structured in a clear and logical manner that is easy to read XXXXXXXXXXmarks)
Some accurate scientific language and terminology was used, some was inaccurate and unclear.
Many e
ors in grammar, syntax and spelling. Aspects of essay structure are clear, logical and easy to read XXXXXXXXXXmarks)
Answers to questions not converted to essay style and/or limited or no scientific language and terminology was used.
E
ors in grammar, syntax and spelling that detract from meaning. Essay is poorly organized with illogical flow of ideas and difficult to read XXXXXXXXXXmarks)
Mark Deductions
0 marks (no deductions)
-1 mark
-2.5 marks
-5 marks
APA referencing conventions
In-text citations are present and appropriate. Reference list includes fully accurate information about all sources used. All formatting as per APA 7th edition conventions. All sources are reputable and cu
ent (as appropriate). Minimum of 5 sources cited.
In text citations used. Reference list includes accurate and sufficient source information. Minor e
ors in APA formatting. Use of some less reliable and/or cu
ent sources. Less than 5 sources.
No in-text citations used. Reference list does not include all necessary information about sources used. Persistent e
ors in APA formatting. Use of some less reliable and/or cu
ent sources. Less than 5 sources.
No in-text citations used. No reference list or does not provide sufficient information about sources used. Serious e
ors in APA formatting. Poor quality sources and/or less than 5 sources.
Word Count
Essay response, including in-text citations (but excluding reference list), is between 1000 and 1500 words
No deductions
Essay response, including in-text citations, is between 1500 and 1600 words.
Essay