The aim of this is to produce a report analysing a significant accident or aviation accident in considering safety aspect and importance should be given to the identification and analysis of the key...

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Table of Contents
Overview of the Accident    3
Deficiencies or Safety Lapses/ Gaps    3
Elements of a Standard Safety Management System    3
Argumentation and Critical Analysis of Facts of Safety in Comparison to Accidents.    4
Preventive Measures    5
Recommendations    6
References    7
Overview of the Accident
Two flights namely Tupolev TU154M and a Boeing B757-200 collided on July 1, 2002 to the north of Ueberlingen (Lake of Constance). Many witnesses ran out of their place hearing the noise. The investigation was ca
ied out to understand the seriousness of the issue according to the international Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) contained in ICAO Annex 13 and the German investigation law (FIUUG). Various safety gaps were recorded, which violates the Safety management system parameters. The preventive measures were available with the department and it was noted that during times of low traffic such measures are not followed strictly (Lawrenson & Braithwaite, 2018).
Deficiencies or Safety Lapses/ Gaps
Single Controller:
One of the major reasons was the presence of single controller with supporting staff. Managing such a situation needs required trained staff.
Maintenance in Progress:
Due to ongoing maintenance, the radar system was not working on its full efficiency. This increased the separation from 5nm to 7nm (Tang, 2017).
Trajectories:
Both the aircrafts were on same trajectories, which was a potential conflicting state. The clearance of instructions was confusing for both of the aircrafts regarding descent and resulted in collision.
The Status of Pilot:
As per the paper, the experience of the pilots on both flights was contrary to Investigation Agency (Galant et al. 2019).
Elements of a Standard Safety Management System
· Safety Policy and Objectives
· Management commitment and responsibility
· Safety accountabilities
· Appointment of key safety personnel
· SMS implementation
· Contractors/third party interfaces
· Coordination of emergency response planning
· SMS documentation
· Safety Risk Management
· Hazard identification
· Risk assessment and mitigation
· Safety Assurance
· Safety performance monitoring and measurement
· Internal safety investigation
· The management of change
· Continuous improvement of the SMS
· Safety Promotion
· Training and education
· Safety communication (Australian government civil aviation safety authority, 2021)
These elements help in forming tools and processes, which will further help in mitigating risk to an acceptable extent. The tools can be videos, risk management methodologies, li
aries and learning management tools. These are designed as per ICAO standards and help to analyse the gap in the process. They help to save time, energy and money so that effective management can be done. These elements are pillars of SMS, which contributes in organising the system (Valdes et al. 2018). In this case, the SMS was...