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The aim of this assessment is to enable students to complete the short answerquestions using evidence based information from relevant literature.

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Case Study with Short Answer Questions
·  READING SHORT ANSWER ASSESSMENT Determining the Use of Nonpharmacologic Methods by Surgical Nurses for Postoperative Pain Management and the Influencing Professional Factors.pdf READING SHORT ANSWER ASSESSMENT Determining the Use of Nonpharmacologic Methods by Surgical Nurses for Postoperative Pain Management and the Influencing Professional Factors.pdf - Alternative Formats  XXXXXXXXXXKB)
·
 READING SHORT ANSWER ASSESSMENT Role of the nurse in supporting the safe use of opioids.pdf READING SHORT ANSWER ASSESSMENT Role of the nurse in supporting the safe use of opioids.pdf - Alternative Formats  XXXXXXXXXXKB)
·  READING SHORT ANSWER ASSESSMENT Patient-Related Factors Associated With Stoma and Peristomal Complications Following Fecal Ostomy Surgery_A Scoping Review.pdf READING SHORT ANSWER ASSESSMENT Patient-Related Factors Associated With Stoma and Peristomal Complications Following Fecal Ostomy Surgery_A Scoping Review.pdf - Alternative Formats (2.005 MB)
Aim of assessment
The aim of this assessment is to enable students to complete the short answer questions using evidence based information from relevant literature.
Due Date
Week 10 Monday 9th May 2022 at 23:59.
Word Count
There is a word limit of 1200 words. Use your computer to total the number of words used in your assignment. However, do not include the reference list at the end of your assignment in the word count. In-text citations will be included in the additional 10% word count. If you exceed the word limit by more than 10% the marker will stop marking at 1200 words plus 10%
 Assessment Marking Criteria
The marking criteria for this assessment can be found in the Learning Guide. It is important that you read this PRIOR to commencing this assessment so that you are fully aware of the criteria and marks for each section of this assessment.
Case Study
Mr John Hemsley, 56 years old, presented to his general practitioner (GP) with a three-month history of constipation and abdominal discomfort. More recently he has felt very fatigued and has been experiencing lower abdominal pain. In the weeks prior consulting the GP, Mr Hemsley noticed his stools were long and na
ow with small amounts of
ight blood on the toilet paper. He ignored these signs and symptoms as he was too emba
assed to talk about them. The GP performed a digital rectal examination to rule out the haemo
hoids. The findings were a firm i
egular non capsulated mass in John’s rectum. The GP a
anged a consultation with a gastrointestinal specialist. The specialist scheduled a colonoscopy for John the following week. During the colonoscopy, a biopsy was taken of the large sessile lesion located in the proximal third of John’s rectum. Three polyps were also removed from John’s colon. The biopsy results confirmed a stage IIA rectal adenocarcinoma. Following these findings John was scheduled for surgery the following day to have an abdominal-perineal resection and the formation of a sigmoid colostomy. There were no complications reported during John’s surgical procedure. Postoperatively John has been commenced on analgesia of I.V. Morphine 2.5mg - 5mg PRN 2-4 hourly and I.V. 4mg-8mg Ondansetron PRN 8 hourly for nausea.
Additional Medical/Social background:
John states that his father died from bowel cancer at the age of 84 years old and his younger
other was diagnosed with Crohn’s disease when he was 18 years old. John states he was quite active as a “young man”but over the last 10 years does not do any form of regular exercise and has gained 20kgs. He did admit to the “occasional”cigarette on the weekends but did say how he was proud to have now “given up”regular smoking of cigarettes for the last 5 years. John’s cu
ent weight is 107kgs.
Three (3) Short Answer Questions
In addressing the Australian National Health Priority Area of bowel cancer prevention and treatment use a person centred care approach to respond to the following:
Question 1: Postoperatively, Mr. Hemsley has been ordered PRN I.V. 2.5mg to 5mg Morphine for his pain relief. Discuss one (1) nursing care consideration for the safe administration of this medication.
Question 2: Discuss one (1) non-pharmacological nursing comfort measure you can undertake to help manage Mr. Hemsley’s postoperative pain.
Question 3: A sigmoid colostomy was performed on Mr. Hemsley during surgery. Discuss one (1) nursing consideration when caring for the patient with a colostomy during the postoperative period.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The above questions ask that you only discuss ONE (1) nursing consideration for each question. If you list or discuss more than one marks will be deducted. If you haven't looked at the PCAL/Subject Cordinators webinar yet then we encourage you to do so PRIOR to submission so that you are confident you have addressed all of the assignment criteria sections.
References
A minimum of 5 references are to be used for this assessment that include the three (3) mandatory references that are provided. The three (3) mandatory references are located on the Subject vUWS site under the Assessment section for this assessment. 
Mandatory three (3) references 
Gumus,K., Musuroglu, S., Ozlu, Z.K., & Tasci, O XXXXXXXXXXDetermining the Use of Nonpharmacologic Methods by Surgical Nurses for               Postoperative Pain Management and the Influencing Professional Factors: A Multicenter Study. Journal of PeriAnesthesia                     Nursing, 35, 75-79. https:
doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan XXXXXXXXXX
Telford, A XXXXXXXXXXRole of the nurse in supporting the safe use of opioids. Nursing Standard, 35(9), 77-82.
Zelga, P., Kluska, P., Zelga, M., Piasecka-Zelga, J., & Dziki, A XXXXXXXXXXPatient-Related Factors Associated With Stoma and Peristomal             Complications Following Fecal Ostomy Surgery. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nursing, 48(5):415-430.
Submission
Electronic copy only. Students are to submit an electronic copy of the assessment.
Submit your assessment electronically through the Turnitin link 
Students are to upload the assessment with the following title; Surname_Firstname_assessment title 4. Your assessment must be submitted in .doc, docx format
Answered 1 days After May 05, 2022

Solution

Dr. Saloni answered on May 07 2022
103 Votes
1
Case Study of Mr John
Contents
Answer 1    3
Answer 2    4
Answer 3    6
References    8
Answer 1
Opioids are extremely effective pain relievers for acute pain caused by surgery, injury, cancer, and end-of-life or palliative care. Appropriate prescribing aids in pain management and reduces patient abuse. Opioids are strong analgesics infe
ed from the poppy plant (Gumus et al., 2020). They are widely acknowledged as essential in the treatment of cancer pain and acute pain, but considerations regarding long-term utilisation have led to suggestions that they are utlised with vigilance in the treatment of chronic pain. Frontline nurse practitioners have contributed to promoting patient security and pain management in general practice. Nurses must acknowledge the pharmacology, adverse reactions, and potential dangers of opioids to make sure that these medications are administered safely (Telford, 2020).
Morphine can induce respiratory depression. While administering morphine, nurses should assess for decreased respiration. Opioids have the potential to reduce the sufferer's cough reflex. To mitigate atelectasis, it is critical that the sufferer turn, cough, as well as take deep
eaths regularly. Morphine's primary risk is respiratory depression (Abushanab et al., 2019). Morphine and associated opioids minimise respiratory drive by lowering and transitioning the ventilation–arterial co2 partial pressure response curve to the right. As a consequence, individuals who sustain ca
on dioxide are more vulnerable to opioids' respiratory depressant effects. Respiratory depression is more common in elderly or disabled patients. Thus, Mr John, who is also 56 years old, is at an increased risk of respiratory distress as a consequence of morphine administration (Abushanab et al., 2020).
Additionally, regular vital sign measurements may miss early indications of respiratory distress. When assessing Mr John for opioid-associated oversedation, several nurses emphasised blood pressure, respiratory rate, and pulse oximetry. Furthermore,
adypnea is an abysmal predictor of tissue hypoxia and occurs later in respiratory distress. In opioid-naive individuals, respiratory rate is a remarkably poor predictor of oxygen deprivation; it may be regular despite significant hypoventilation.Furthermore, it should be acknowledged that Mr John's respiratory status can change quickly, and these variations can elude the standard monitoring methodologies used in several settings today (Gumus et al., 2020).
The most frequently evaluated respiratory function variables are oxygen saturation and respiratory rate. However, substantial hypercapnia may develop before oxygen desaturation. After his pain has healed, he may feel sleepy and develop apnea and respiratory depression. Nurses should monitor for indications of early hypercapnia, such as a full pulse, tachypnea, muscle twitches, dyspnea, decreased neural activity, hand flaps, and potentially elevated blood pressure (Telford, 2020). Thus, this consideration enables nurses to administer safe medications and focus on care while not overlooking critical steps.

Answer 2
During the postoperative period, some patients commonly encounter mild to severe pain. Improperly managed postoperative pain predisposes Mr John to medical complications such as deep vein thrombosis, pneumonia, prolonged hospital stay, and delayed wound healing,...
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