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State,Year,Getting better,Economic confidence,Region alabama,2013,0.62,-24,East South Central alabama,2012,0.62,-29,East South Central alabama,2011,0.59,-40,East South Central...

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State,Year,Getting better,Economic confidence,Region
alabama,2013,0.62,-24,East South Central
alabama,2012,0.62,-29,East South Central
alabama,2011,0.59,-40,East South Central
alabama,2010,0.59,-30,East South Central
alabama,2009,0.6,-36,East South Central
alabama,2008,0.63,-42,East South Central
alaska,2013,0.66,-32,Pacific
alaska,2012,0.59,-26,Pacific
alaska,2011,0.62,-34,Pacific
alaska,2010,0.62,-28,Pacific
alaska,2009,0.56,-31,Pacific
alaska,2008,0.66,-42,Pacific
arizona,2013,0.62,-12,Mountain
arizona,2012,0.58,-21,Mountain
arizona,2011,0.53,-39,Mountain
arizona,2010,0.5,-35,Mountain
arizona,2009,0.53,-37,Mountain
arizona,2008,0.55,-43,Mountain
arkansas,2013,0.6,-27,West South Central
arkansas,2012,0.58,-32,West South Central
arkansas,2011,0.6,-40,West South Central
arkansas,2010,0.58,-31,West South Central
arkansas,2009,0.57,-37,West South Central
arkansas,2008,0.59,-48,West South Central
california,2013,0.6,-5,Pacific
california,2012,0.56,-18,Pacific
california,2011,0.54,-36,Pacific
california,2010,0.53,-29,Pacific
california,2009,0.51,-37,Pacific
california,2008,0.54,-52,Pacific
colorado,2013,0.65,-11,Mountain
colorado,2012,0.63,-17,Mountain
colorado,2011,0.61,-34,Mountain
colorado,2010,0.57,-28,Mountain
colorado,2009,0.58,-33,Mountain
colorado,2008,0.61,-46,Mountain
connecticut,2013,0.55,-9,New England
connecticut,2012,0.54,-24,New England
connecticut,2011,0.52,-40,New England
connecticut,2010,0.53,-25,New England
connecticut,2009,0.52,-34,New England
connecticut,2008,0.53,-55,New England
delaware,2013,0.55,-16,South Atlantic
delaware,2012,0.53,-17,South Atlantic
delaware,2011,0.53,-43,South Atlantic
delaware,2010,0.52,-21,South Atlantic
delaware,2009,0.52,-36,South Atlantic
delaware,2008,0.55,-51,South Atlantic
district of columbia,2013,0.79,19,South Atlantic
district of columbia,2012,0.8,29,South Atlantic
district of columbia,2011,0.77,-4,South Atlantic
district of columbia,2010,0.71,2,South Atlantic
district of columbia,2009,0.7,-16,South Atlantic
district of columbia,2008,0.7,-50,South Atlantic
florida,2013,0.62,-12,South Atlantic
florida,2012,0.57,-22,South Atlantic
florida,2011,0.53,-42,South Atlantic
florida,2010,0.52,-31,South Atlantic
florida,2009,0.51,-39,South Atlantic
florida,2008,0.52,-52,South Atlantic
georgia,2013,0.63,-17,South Atlantic
georgia,2012,0.59,-24,South Atlantic
georgia,2011,0.57,-36,South Atlantic
georgia,2010,0.57,-26,South Atlantic
georgia,2009,0.56,-35,South Atlantic
georgia,2008,0.59,-43,South Atlantic
hawaii,2013,0.62,-12,Pacific
hawaii,2012,0.59,-9,Pacific
hawaii,2011,0.57,-30,Pacific
hawaii,2010,0.58,-11,Pacific
hawaii,2009,0.53,-34,Pacific
hawaii,2008,0.49,-44,Pacific
idaho,2013,0.63,-27,Mountain
idaho,2012,0.62,-31,Mountain
idaho,2011,0.63,-42,Mountain
idaho,2010,0.59,-39,Mountain
idaho,2009,0.58,-42,Mountain
idaho,2008,0.61,-46,Mountain
illinois,2013,0.55,-13,East North Central
illinois,2012,0.53,-19,East North Central
illinois,2011,0.52,-39,East North Central
illinois,2010,0.53,-26,East North Central
illinois,2009,0.54,-33,East North Central
illinois,2008,0.57,-50,East North Central
indiana,2013,0.59,-22,East North Central
indiana,2012,0.58,-26,East North Central
indiana,2011,0.56,-40,East North Central
indiana,2010,0.55,-29,East North Central
indiana,2009,0.52,-38,East North Central
indiana,2008,0.54,-49,East North Central
iowa,2013,0.65,-9,West North Central
iowa,2012,0.65,-11,West North Central
iowa,2011,0.61,-30,West North Central
iowa,2010,0.59,-15,West North Central
iowa,2009,0.6,-27,West North Central
iowa,2008,0.63,-43,West North Central
kansas,2013,0.65,-18,West North Central
kansas,2012,0.62,-22,West North Central
kansas,2011,0.62,-35,West North Central
kansas,2010,0.59,-26,West North Central
kansas,2009,0.58,-32,West North Central
kansas,2008,0.63,-41,West North Central
kentucky,2013,0.6,-28,East South Central
kentucky,2012,0.58,-30,East South Central
kentucky,2011,0.57,-41,East South Central
kentucky,2010,0.56,-37,East South Central
kentucky,2009,0.57,-36,East South Central
kentucky,2008,0.61,-51,East South Central
louisiana,2013,0.62,-24,West South Central
louisiana,2012,0.6,-28,West South Central
louisiana,2011,0.6,-41,West South Central
louisiana,2010,0.6,-33,West South Central
louisiana,2009,0.59,-31,West South Central
louisiana,2008,0.59,-38,West South Central
maine,2013,0.59,-22,New England
maine,2012,0.57,-25,New England
maine,2011,0.55,-47,New England
maine,2010,0.53,-36,New England
maine,2009,0.55,-37,New England
maine,2008,0.55,-58,New England
maryland,2013,0.57,-9,South Atlantic
maryland,2012,0.54,-10,South Atlantic
maryland,2011,0.52,-28,South Atlantic
maryland,2010,0.52,-17,South Atlantic
maryland,2009,0.52,-28,South Atlantic
maryland,2008,0.49,-52,South Atlantic
massachusetts,2013,0.61,-2,New England
massachusetts,2012,0.6,-13,New England
massachusetts,2011,0.55,-30,New England
massachusetts,2010,0.55,-19,New England
massachusetts,2009,0.52,-32,New England
massachusetts,2008,0.53,-56,New England
michigan,2013,0.56,-15,East North Central
michigan,2012,0.52,-20,East North Central
michigan,2011,0.48,-39,East North Central
michigan,2010,0.47,-31,East North Central
michigan,2009,0.45,-45,East North Central
michigan,2008,0.49,-60,East North Central
minnesota,2013,0.67,-2,West North Central
minnesota,2012,0.63,-8,West North Central
minnesota,2011,0.62,-27,West North Central
minnesota,2010,0.59,-19,West North Central
minnesota,2009,0.58,-29,West North Central
minnesota,2008,0.6,-46,West North Central
mississippi,2013,0.59,-23,East South Central
mississippi,2012,0.56,-29,East South Central
mississippi,2011,0.56,-43,East South Central
mississippi,2010,0.56,-29,East South Central
mississippi,2009,0.58,-31,East South Central
mississippi,2008,0.58,-37,East South Central
missouri,2013,0.58,-20,West North Central
missouri,2012,0.58,-31,West North Central
missouri,2011,0.57,-41,West North Central
missouri,2010,0.56,-31,West North Central
missouri,2009,0.58,-36,West North Central
missouri,2008,0.59,-50,West North Central
montana,2013,0.63,-25,Mountain
montana,2012,0.57,-32,Mountain
montana,2011,0.56,-43,Mountain
montana,2010,0.54,-34,Mountain
montana,2009,0.55,-38,Mountain
montana,2008,0.58,-41,Mountain
ne
aska,2013,0.68,-9,West North Central
ne
aska,2012,0.65,-18,West North Central
ne
aska,2011,0.64,-27,West North Central
ne
aska,2010,0.58,-22,West North Central
ne
aska,2009,0.59,-26,West North Central
ne
aska,2008,0.6,-39,West North Central
nevada,2013,0.56,-13,Mountain
nevada,2012,0.52,-26,Mountain
nevada,2011,0.42,-42,Mountain
nevada,2010,0.41,-38,Mountain
nevada,2009,0.42,-43,Mountain
nevada,2008,0.46,-54,Mountain
new hampshire,2013,0.6,-14,New England
new hampshire,2012,0.56,-25,New England
new hampshire,2011,0.53,-40,New England
new hampshire,2010,0.53,-33,New England
new hampshire,2009,0.53,-36,New England
new hampshire,2008,0.58,-50,New England
new jersey,2013,0.53,-13,Mid Atlantic
new jersey,2012,0.52,-20,Mid Atlantic
new jersey,2011,0.5,-38,Mid Atlantic
new jersey,2010,0.49,-28,Mid Atlantic
new jersey,2009,0.51,-32,Mid Atlantic
new jersey,2008,0.54,-53,Mid Atlantic
new mexico,2013,0.56,-21,Mountain
new mexico,2012,0.58,-24,Mountain
new mexico,2011,0.56,-39,Mountain
new mexico,2010,0.57,-29,Mountain
new mexico,2009,0.57,-31,Mountain
new mexico,2008,0.58,-43,Mountain
new york,2013,0.54,-10,Mid Atlantic
new york,2012,0.53,-18,Mid Atlantic
new york,2011,0.49,-38,Mid Atlantic
new york,2010,0.49,-27,Mid Atlantic
new york,2009,0.48,-32,Mid Atlantic
new york,2008,0.5,-53,Mid Atlantic
north carolina,2013,0.62,-19,South Atlantic
north carolina,2012,0.62,-21,South Atlantic
north carolina,2011,0.59,-38,South Atlantic
north carolina,2010,0.58,-27,South Atlantic
north carolina,2009,0.57,-32,South Atlantic
north carolina,2008,0.58,-47,South Atlantic
north dakota,2013,0.57,-10,West North Central
north dakota,2012,0.6,-16,West North Central
north dakota,2011,0.64,-26,West North Central
north dakota,2010,0.62,-20,West North Central
north dakota,2009,0.68,-28,West North Central
north dakota,2008,0.66,-34,West North Central
ohio,2013,0.53,-20,East North Central
ohio,2012,0.52,-25,East North Central
ohio,2011,0.49,-42,East North Central
ohio,2010,0.48,-33,East North Central
ohio,2009,0.46,-41,East North Central
ohio,2008,0.48,-53,East North Central
oklahoma,2013,0.64,-26,West South Central
oklahoma,2012,0.63,-29,West South Central
oklahoma,2011,0.62,-38,West South Central
oklahoma,2010,0.6,-27,West South Central
oklahoma,2009,0.63,-33,West South Central
oklahoma,2008,0.65,-41,West South Central
oregon,2013,0.59,-13,Pacific
oregon,2012,0.57,-23,Pacific
oregon,2011,0.55,-43,Pacific
oregon,2010,0.54,-33,Pacific
oregon,2009,0.53,-37,Pacific
oregon,2008,0.59,-49,Pacific
pennsylvania,2013,0.51,-23,Mid Atlantic
pennsylvania,2012,0.5,-26,Mid Atlantic
pennsylvania,2011,0.5,-39,Mid Atlantic
pennsylvania,2010,0.49,-29,Mid Atlantic
pennsylvania,2009,0.48,-36,Mid Atlantic
pennsylvania,2008,0.5,-52,Mid Atlantic
hode island,2013,0.49,-12,New England
hode island,2012,0.48,-22,New England
hode island,2011,0.42,-43,New England
hode island,2010,0.46,-39,New England
hode island,2009,0.49,-41,New England
hode island,2008,0.46,-63,New England
south carolina,2013,0.67,-18,South Atlantic
south carolina,2012,0.63,-21,South Atlantic
south carolina,2011,0.62,-34,South Atlantic
south carolina,2010,0.6,-26,South Atlantic
south carolina,2009,0.6,-34,South Atlantic
south carolina,2008,0.63,-45,South Atlantic
south dakota,2013,0.71,-21,West North Central
south dakota,2012,0.7,-11,West North Central
south dakota,2011,0.7,-30,West North Central
south dakota,2010,0.67,-19,West North Central
south dakota,2009,0.67,-20,West North Central
south dakota,2008,0.68,-42,West North Central
tennessee,2013,0.62,-25,East South Central
tennessee,2012,0.59,-30,East South Central
tennessee,2011,0.59,-40,East South Central
tennessee,2010,0.58,-33,East South Central
tennessee,2009,0.56,-36,East South Central
tennessee,2008,0.59,-48,East South Central
texas,2013,0.69,-8,West South Central
texas,2012,0.66,-16,West South Central
texas,2011,0.64,-33,West South Central
texas,2010,0.65,-20,West South Central
texas,2009,0.63,-27,West South Central
texas,2008,0.65,-36,West South Central
utah,2013,0.68,-17,Mountain
utah,2012,0.7,-18,Mountain
utah,2011,0.68,-31,Mountain
utah,2010,0.67,-23,Mountain
utah
Answered Same Day Jul 23, 2021

Solution

Mohd answered on Jul 24 2021
162 Votes
-
-
-
7/24/2021
li
ary(magrittr)
li
ary(dplyr)
li
ary(ggplot2)
li
ary(GGally)
li
ary(skimr)
li
ary(readr)
assignment9 <- read_csv("assignment9.csv",
col_types = cols(State = col_factor(levels = c()),
Region = col_factor(levels = c())))
skim(assignment9)
Data summary
    Name
    assignment9
    Number of rows
    306
    Number of columns
    5
    _______________________
    
    Column type frequency:
    
    facto
    2
    numeric
    3
    ________________________
    
    Group variables
    None
Variable type: facto
    skim_variable
    n_missing
    complete_rate
    ordered
    n_unique
    top_counts
    State
    0
    1
    FALSE
    51
    ala: 6, ala: 6, ari: 6, ark: 6
    Region
    0
    1
    FALSE
    9
    Sou: 54, Mou: 48, Wes: 42, New: 36
Variable type: numeric
    skim_variable
    n_missing
    complete_rate
    mean
    sd
    p0
    p25
    p50
    p75
    p100
    hist
    Yea
    0
    1
    2010.50
    1.71
    2008.00
    2009.00
    2010.50
    2012.00
    2013.0
    ▇▃▃▃▃
    Getting bette
    0
    1
    0.58
    0.06
    0.41
    0.53
    0.58
    0.61
    0.8
    ▁▆▇▂▁
    Economic confidence
    0
    1
    -30.53
    12.93
    -63.00
    -39.00
    -31.00
    -22.00
    29.0
    ▂▇▅▁▁
assignment9$state<-assignment9$State
assi_2013<-assignment9%>%
filter(Year==2013)
assi_2013$state<-assi_2013$State
assi_201213<-assignment9%>%
filter(Year==2013 | Year==2012)
assi_201213$state<-assi_201213$State
ˆ Choose a year: Was there any geographic clustering of the feeling that things are getting better and condence in the economy? How similar is the geographic...
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