Section A:AnswerTrue or False:
1. In any conditional statement, the antecedent states a necessary condition for the consequent.
2. In any conditional statement, the consequent states a necessary condition for the antecedent.
3. Having three sides is necessary and sufficient for being a triangle.
4. Having three sides of equal length is necessary and sufficient for being a triangle.
5. Being a skateboarder is necessary and sufficient for being a male.
6. Being a female neurologist is necessary and sufficient for being a female.
7. x’s being older than y is necessary and sufficient for y’s being younger than x.
8. Being Sunday is necessary and sufficient for being the weekend.
9. Loving California’s weather is necessary and sufficient for being in California.
10. Wanting to be wealthy is necessary and sufficient for being wealthy.
11. x’s loving y is necessary and sufficient for y’s loving x.
12. Being enrolled in Phil 1145 is necessary and sufficient for getting an A in Phil 1145.
13. Being red is necessary and sufficient for being coloured.
14. Being a dog is necessary and sufficient for being a mammal.
15. Being the numbers 2, 4, or 6 is necessary and sufficient for being an even number.
16. Having a KPU student number is necessary and sufficient for being registered in Phil 1145 at KPU.
17. Speaking English is necessary and sufficient for being a Canadian citizen.
18. Having two arms is necessary and sufficient for being human.
19. A job ad says, “Qualified candidates for this job must have a PhD.” This means that
a. Having a PhD is sufficient for getting the job.
b. Having a PhD is necessary for getting the job.
c. Having a PhD is necessary and sufficient for getting the job.
d. Having a PhD is neither necessary nor sufficient for getting the job.
20. The sentence “Smith will earn her Master’s if she passes her exam” means that:
a. Smith’s passing her exam is a necessary condition for getting her
Master’s.
b. Smith’s passing her exam is sufficient for getting her Master’s.
c. Smith’s passing her exam is both necessary and sufficient for getting her
Master’s.
d. Smith’s passing her exam is neither necessary nor sufficient for getting her
Master’s.
Section B:Translate these sentences into proper conditional form:
21. Smith is probably exhausted if she hasn’t slept in three days.
22. Jones will probably fail the test in Critical Thinking if he relies on Chegg or Coursehero.
23. Feike will win the lottery only if he gets exactly the right numbers and in the correct order.
24. Jones will get sick with Covid only if he parties all night long with friends in Whistler.
Section C:SIMPLE RECONSTRUCTIONS: Reconstruct the following fourarguments. (Remember to aim for a well-formed reconstruction. Label ep or ip where necessary, and state a justification where necessary.) 2 points each
Anyone who thinks that getting test-answers from the so-called “experts” at Chegg are only fooling themselves. Jones told me that he got his latest test-answers from a Chegg “expert”.
I understand that Smith is a coach for the Olympic skateboarding team. Huh, I guess she was a former Olympian herself.
The owner of the gym I go will live to be a nonagenarian. He doesn’t eat meat, doesn’t smoke, and drinks very little alcohol. On top of this, he exercises everyday. Oh, his parents lived past 90 too.
Capital punishment is morally impermissible, because it allows a person to terminate another’s life and we shouldn’t do anything that allows a person to terminate another’s life.
Section D:ADVANCED: Reconstructany twoof the following threearguments. (Remember to aim for a well-formed reconstruction. Label ep or ip where necessary, and state a justification where necessary.) 4 points each
I'm totally against mask-wearing for children, and totallydisagree with what the so-called "experts" say. Masks affect a children's ability to learn. But not just that; theyalsoaffect lung development, andcause a weaker immune system as they put a child's body under severestress. Still not convinced? I'll add this: masks don't evenstop the spread of Covid!This is alljust common sense!
The universe is fine-tuned for life. That’s almost certain. But the fine-tuning of the universe makes sense only if chance and necessity can be ruled out. But those can be ruled out. Hence, the atheists are dead wrong: God exists after all.
Marlowe will pass Phil 1145 if he works hard, takes good notes, keeps in regular contact with his professor. He’ll also need to submit his tests on time. But he’ll do all of these things. This means that he’ll graduate with a solid GPA and probably get into a decent law school. Good for Marlowe!