Great Deal! Get Instant $10 FREE in Account on First Order + 10% Cashback on Every Order Order Now

SECTION A Section A should contain 400 words document minimum , in text citation is highly require for this assignment . A reference page is require at the end of each section . The text book for this...

1 answer below »
SECTION A
Section A should contain 400 words document minimum , in text citation is highly require for this assignment . A reference page is require at the end of each section . The text book for this assignment is listed below and it is important that you refer to it to complete this assignment . It is also important that all points listed below be clearly address in the solutions . APA FORMAT IS HIGHLY REQUIRE FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT. It is important to to refer to the the text book listed below and cite from it.
Public Health: What It Is and How It Works
Author: Turnock, B.J.
Publisher: Jones and Bartlett Publishers
Ed/Year: 4th /2010
ISBN-13: XXXXXXXXXX
-Compare the Public Health Achievements in Twentieth-Century America presented in Chapter 1 (Control of Infectious Diseases, including Advances in Childhood Immunizations) and Chapter 2 (Tobacco Use). Both are available at the Century of Progress in Public Health case study site.
-Which of these achievements (infectious disease reduction or tobacco use reduction), in your opinion, has had the greater impact on the heath status and quality of life of Americans living in the year 2000? Identify three specific criteria you used to compare these accomplishments and provide data for each criteria for both accomplishments.
SECTION B
This section should contain 700 words document minimum , a reference page , in text citation and all should be in APA FORMAT . It is important to clearly explain as require.
The state legislature recently passed a law that would reduce the information related to the cause of death that has been collected on the death certificate. Only one item, to be determined by the State Board of Health will now be reported as the official cause of death. The State Board of Health is considering two options as to the type of information that will be collected and you have been asked to offer brief testimony in support of one of these two options:
  • Position A: only disease entities can be listed as the cause of death.
  • Position B: only underlying risk and contributing factors can be listed as the cause of death.
Question
Pick a position and synthesize your thoughts.
SECTION A
This section should contain 400 words document , in text citation , a reference list and all must be written in APA format .
After reading about the individual level theories, reflect on the various factors that influence individual health behavior.
Based on these factors respond to the following question:
What can public health professionals do to assist individuals to make healthy choices?
Hint: Think of the constructs of the various theories that have been shown in practice to predict individual health behavior--refer to the required text readings.
SECTION B
This section should contain 400 words document , all in APA format , and must have a reference list at the end . In text citation is highly recommended , and the text book listed above is require for this assignment . the similarity scores will not be moiré than 15% .
Typically, tobacco use begins in early adolescence, most often by age 16. According to the CDC, eighty-two percent of American adults who have ever been daily smokers tried their first cigarette before the age of 18. It is estimated that five million young people alive today will die prematurely to tobacco-related diseases if current trends continue.
It is currently estimated that in the United States more than 3,000 children and adolescents become regular users of tobacco each day and that more than 4 million adolescents are now smoking cigarettes. In spite of policies prohibiting the sale of tobacco products to people under the age of 18, 72 percent of eighth graders and 88 percent of 10th graders indicate that they can get cigarettes "fairly easily" or "very easily" when they want them.
Take a look at the materials for this week and then post your comments about the current policies and support available to decrease tobacco use by youth in the United States.
  • What can we do better?
  • Where do you think we need to focus more effort?

Answered Same Day Dec 23, 2021

Solution

David answered on Dec 23 2021
117 Votes
1
4155_2_MPH-601
2

SECTION A
Introduction
Change in the health behavior is one of the greatest hopes in order to reduce the
urden of the preventable diseases and deaths around the world. The most significant cause
for death figures in United States alone, comprise of tobacco use, unhealthy diet, sedentary
lifestyle, and use of alcohol. With the objective to achieve better health behavior, changes in
the individual’s health behavior are most important factor.
There are various theories which explain the various factors that influence individual
health behavior. For instance, Health Belief Model (HBP) states that the individual belief is
affected by their own beliefs which is made up of perceived susceptibility to as well as
severity of disease; perceived benefits, ba
ier, and self-efficacy (Glanz, Ba
ara and.
Viswanath, 2008). Some of the other factors influencing individual health behavior are
diverse demographics, sociopsychological, as well as structural variables. Further, the theory
of reasoned action (TRA) (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975) and its extension i.e. theory of planed
ehavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1988); assumes that the individuals make rational decision on the
asis of the information or belief about their target behavior and their intentions. Here,
intention refers to the function of person attitude as well as person’s perception of the social
norms, in relation to the behavior. TPB additionally believes that the perceived behavioral
control influence the individual behaviors, directly as well as through behavioral intentions.
Some of the other significant theory includes: Transtheoretical Model and Precaution
Adoption Process Model.
On the basis of above theories, intervention informed on the basis of well developed
as well as tested theories are found to be more effective in changing individual’s health
3

ehavior. Therefore, the intervention which a health professional should opt for assisting
individuals in making healthy choice includes: changing individual’s health behavior with the
help of environmental strategies as most of the individuals lack information. So much
consumer education needs to be communicated to them. Health education should be imparted
in order to make individuals health literate. This is normally a planned intervention in the
field of education which is voluntarily aimed at making people to become aware of their
health with the help of substantive information as well as processes for accessing the health
knowledge. In addition to this, individuals need to value the outcomes that are associated
with the desired change and also believe that this will fit in their life style. This will be
achieved through empowering individuals with improved literacy; developing legislations,
systems, and policies in key areas like public health care. Further, the health professionals
need to understand the personal as well as psychological factors that are influencing the
person’s choices.
4

References
Ajzen, I. (1988). Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Milton-Keynes, England: Open
University Press & Chicago, IL: Dorsey Press.
Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An
Introduction to Theory and Research. MA: Addison-Wesley.
Glanz Karen, Rimer, K. Ba
ara, and Viswanath, K. (2008). Health Behavior and Health
Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. Fourth Edition. USA: Jossey-Bass (A Wiley
Imprint)
5

Section B
Usage of Tobacco in United States
Tobacco use has become the leading cause of the preventable death with 438,000
smoking deaths each year and 8.6 million smokers with serious illness each year.
Additionally, secondhand smoking leads to 50,000 deaths each year; low birth weight; and
sudden infant death syndrome; exponentially increase in the rate of individuals with lung
diseases, asthma, ear infections, heart diseases and lung cancers (Sondik, 2008). Being such
serious consequences of Tobacco use, following are some of the existing policies and
supports that are available for decreasing the tobacco use by the youths in United States:
 Existence of government policy to eliminate or restrict tobacco advertisement as well as
promotions that are targeted at children; mandatory requirement of warning labels on the
packages as well as advertisements of the tobacco products; mandatory disclosure of
ingredients information to general public; limited access to the tobacco products by
youths; ways to reduce smuggling of the tobacco and related products; ensuring public
protection from the environmental tobacco’s smoke.
 Raising the cigarette excise tax was one of the major government’s efforts for
discouraging youth use of tobacco (Grossman and Chaloupka, 1998; National Cancer
Policy Board, 2000).
 Existence of Adolescent Tobacco Use Prevention Act, 1992 that prohibits sales of
tobacco products to the minors and penalties are there for illegal sales to the minor...
SOLUTION.PDF

Answer To This Question Is Available To Download

Related Questions & Answers

More Questions »

Submit New Assignment

Copy and Paste Your Assignment Here