Scenario topic 2: Bachelor of Nursing students only
Read the following Case Study scenario:
Andrew, aged 2 and a half years, is attending day care three days a week for five hours each day while his mother Maria works part-time. Maria states that Andrew is speaking in four to five word sentences and communicating his needs well. Andrew’s father, Tom, is a full-time shift worker and he cares for Andrew regularly on his two days off each week. Maria explains that Andrew enjoys music, dancing and singingsillysongs with his dad, herself and their large extended family. Andrew is Maria’s first child, and she is concerned that her son is not yet toilet trained during the day or night, especially since she has noticed that other children in day care seem to have mastered this skill during the day. Maria also has questions in relation to healthy eating and active play for Andrew, and the benefits of child care and play groups. The Child and Family Health Nurse has reassured Maria that Andrew is meeting all his developmental milestones and will soon gain daytime continence by the time he is three years old, or soon after. The Nurse has also educated Maria on healthy eating patterns and active play. The Nurse has referred Maria to a
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mother’s group in her local area to discuss strategies for toilet-training in a relaxed, informal environment with other parents.
Essay Topic:Drawing on relevant nursing and social science literature, and using at least two examples from scenario Case Study 2, write an essay on the following topic:
What are some important aspects of psychosocial development that occur in children between the ages of two and five years (2-5 years), and what influences this development?
CRITERION 1
Introduce the developmental stage of the assessment and briefly outline the main examples which will be explored in your essay.
– Conforming to the elements of a good introduction, use global statements and no referencing will be required in the introduction as instructed by literacy tutors. However, if you do use in-text referencing and it is appropriate, students will not be penalised if references are cited in the introduction.
– After completing your work, construct your essay conclusion by summarising your work and referring back to the points made in your introduction.
– See elements of criterion 1: 5 marks allocated.
CRITERION 2
Describe/discuss what psychosocial development involves, drawing on the work of a theorist. Explain two (or more) examples of psychosocial development from the case study.
– In your discussion explain what psychosocial development is, its importance to development, and how it links to the age group provided in the case study.
– Provide two relevant examples from the case study for discussion. In your discussion of psychosocial development refer to the work of at least one theorist (or more) in your discussion. Relevant theorists include, but are not limited to:
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Erikson (psychosocial development Vygotsky (sociocultural development) Bronfenbrenner (sociocultural development) Bandura (socio-cognitive development)
– Your discussion will outline the normative transitions for the age group and provide relevant evidence-based literature in regards to addressing the needs of the developmental issues in the case study. For example, you may wish to discuss engaging children with healthy eating patterns, active play, childcare, peer communication or some other normative aspect for this age-group. Alternatively, you may instead wish to discuss the normative transition of toilet training in building autonomy and/or peer interaction as building initiative, and include the age-range in toddlers being able to gain full continence. You might wish to explore the role of parenting, peers, childcare, socialisation, safety and/or another aspects of psychosocial development either using the case study, or the literature.
– There is no need to write the case study scenario again in your essay. Reference to a particular issue for the case study is all that is required. For example, if you wish to discuss toilet training, identify that toilet training is an issue raised in the case study, then go on to explain how toilet training relates to psychosocial growth and development as per previous example.
– Your discussion needs to be supported by scholarly literature eg; peer reviewed journal articles. See marking standards.
– See criterion 2: 15 marks allocated.
CRITERION 3
Describe two to three examples of factors which influence psychosocial development:
– Nursing students may wish to discuss the issues identified by the child and family health nurse in the scenario, or address some aspect of the physical (age-related) development that may potentially influence psychosocial development for this age-group.
– Alternatively, you may wish to discuss non-normative events which may also impact on psychosocial development or the impact of the relationship of parents (parenting styles) which impact on psychosocial development. These may be hypothetical to the case study itself
– You may, or may not, wish to link to the case study in your discussion of criterion 3. You do not have to link this criterion to the case study unless you wish to.
– Explain the relevance of understanding this childhood life stage to nursing and midwifery practice. You may wish to discuss this, in terms of providing support to parents in three to four sentences.
– See criterion 3: 10 marks allocated.
CRITERION 4
Review your referencing and make sure your work is fully acknowledged.
– See criterion 4: 10 marks allocated
REFERENCING REQUIREMENTS
– You are required to include a minimum of five (5) recent references (2014 onwards),including two (2) journal articles, to support your discussion. Please note that you can use literature written within the last ten (10) years XXXXXXXXXXas long as you include at least five (5) references that are published within the last five years XXXXXXXXXXPlease make good use of peer-reviewed journals to provide evidence and examples to illustrate your points. The peer-reviewed journal collection holds examples of current research conducted with groups and individuals from all life stages, and reference to current research will greatly inform your discussion.
WRITING STYLE AND USING PERSONAL EXPERIENCES IN FORMAL WORK
– Please write this essay in the third person, avoidingthe use of the first personIor the phraseThis author will&to refer to yourself. Find evidence in the literature to support the points you want to make, and avoid recounting personal or anecdotal experiences in your submission. Make sure you write the discussion in formal academic language, and avoid subjective or superficial interpretations of the topics under discussion.
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ESSAY PLANNING
– Students are advised to work closely with the marking criteria and standards sheets as a guide to the construction of this essay.
– This submission is to be an essay format only. Please do not use headings in this assessment. See any additional formatting guides or instructions related to the Unit offer.
SELECTION OF REFERENCES–to inform major essay (40%)
You are required to access and use two (2) peer-reviewed journal articles for your essay. Following is a list of supplementary references which may be of use to start your work. You can use any of these articles to inform your essay but are also encouraged to access your own peer-review journal articles.
Psychosocial development (infants/children) (Criterion 2)
Baker, B., & McGrath, J.M. Maternal–infant synchrony: an integrated review of the literature,Neonatal, paediatric and child health nursing, 14(3), 2-11.
Ball, H XXXXXXXXXXReframing what we tell parents about normal infant sleep and how we support them,Breastfeeding Review, 22(3), 11–12.
Beebe, B., & Steele, M XXXXXXXXXXHow does microanalysis of mother–infant communication inform maternal sensitivity and infant attachment?Attachment & Human Development,15, 5-6, XXXXXXXXXXdoi: XXXXXXXXXX/ XXXXXXXXXX
Cooklin, A.R., Lucas, N., Strazdins, L., Westrupp, E., Giallo, R., Canterford, L., & Nicholson, J.M XXXXXXXXXXHeightened Maternal Separation Anxiety in the Postpartum: The Role of Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Journal of Family Issues,35(11), 1497–1519.
Kearney, L., & Fulbrook, P XXXXXXXXXXThe first 18 months: Parental choices regarding theirinfant’s health care needs,Neonatal, pediatric and childhealth nursing 17(3), 17-22.
Narvaez, D., Gleason, T., Wang, L., Brooks, J., Lefever, J.B., & Cheng, Y XXXXXXXXXXThe evolved development niche: Longitudinal effects of caregiving practices on early childhood psychosocial development.Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 28, XXXXXXXXXX.
Schoenmaker, C., Juffer, F., van IJzendoorn, M.H., Linting, M., van der Voort, A., & Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J XXXXXXXXXXFrom maternal sensitivity in infancy to adult attachment representations: a longitudinal adoption study with secure base scripts.Attachment & Human Development,17(3), 241–256.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/ XXXXXXXXXX1037315
Walle, E.R XXXXXXXXXXInfant Social Development across the Transition from Crawling to Walking.Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1-10. Doi: XXXXXXXXXX/fpsyg XXXXXXXXXX
Factors influencing development (normative and non-normative) (Criterion 3)
Barac, R., Bialystok, E., Castro, D.C., & Sanchez, M XXXXXXXXXXThe cognitive development of young dual language learners: A critical review.Early Childhood Research Quarterly,12, XXXXXXXXXXDoihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq XXXXXXXXXX
Huang, J., Peters, K.E., Vaughn, G., & Witko, C XXXXXXXXXXBreastfeeding and trajectories of children’scognitive development.Developmental Science,17(3), 452–461. doi: XXXXXXXXXX/desc.12136
James, JP., Taft, A., Amir, L.H., & Agius, P XXXXXXXXXXDoes intimate partner violence impact on women’sinitiation and duration of breastfeeding?Breastfeeding Review, 22(2), 11-19.
Leonard, H.C., & Hill, E.L XXXXXXXXXXReview: The impact of motor development on typical and atypical social cognition and language: a systematic review.Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 19(3), 163–170. doi:10.1111/camh.1205
Palmer, L., Carlsson, G., Brunt, D., & Nystrom, M XXXXXXXXXXExistential vulnerability can be evoked by severe difficulties with initial breastfeeding: A lifeworld hermeneutical single case study for research on complex breastfeeding phenomena.Breastfeeding Review, 22(3), 21-32.
Purcal, C.,Brennan, D., Cass, B., & Jenkins, B XXXXXXXXXXGrandparents raising grandchildren: impacts of lifecourse stage on the experiences and costs of careAustralian Journal of Social Issues, 49 (4), XXXXXXXXXX.
Shrestha, S., Petrini, M.A., Shuda, A., Shrestha, S., XXXXXXXXXXNepalese primiparous mothers’ knowledge of newborn care,Nursing and Health Sciences (PUBISHED ON-LINE)doi: XXXXXXXXXX/nhs.12193
Young, G., Gore, R., & Gorman, B XXXXXXXXXXWrapping and swaddling infants: child health nurses’ knowledge, attitudes and practiceNeonatal, pediatric and childhealth nursing 16 (3), 2-11.
Woodwood, L.J., Friesen, M.D., Raudino, A., Fergusson, D.M., & Horwood, L.J XXXXXXXXXXIntergenerational changes in the context of early motherhood,Journal of Family Studies 19(3), 306–314.
General texts available through vUWS site readings and resources (on- line) or to borrow (see catalogues)
Barkway, P. (Ed XXXXXXXXXXPsychology for health professionals. Chatswood, Australia: Elsevier Australia. [Good for theoretical material and theorists and age-spans]
Gerrig, R. J XXXXXXXXXXPsychology and life (20th ed.).Boston, MA: Pearson Education. [Good for theoretical material and theorists and age-spans]
McMurray, A., & Clendon., J XXXXXXXXXXCommunity health and wellness: Primaryhealth care in practice(4th ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier Australia. [Good for general community and childhood issues/culturalissues]
New South Wales Health Policies
New South Wales Department of Health XXXXXXXXXXSafe start guidelines: Improving mental health outcomes for parents and infants. NSW: NSW Health.
New South Wales Department of Health XXXXXXXXXXMaternal and child health Primary health care policy. NSW: NSW Health.
New South Wales Department of Health XXXXXXXXXXSafe start strategic policy.NSW: NSW Health.
New South Wales Health XXXXXXXXXXOur babies: the state’s best asset a history of 100 yearsof child and family health services in NSW.NSW: NSW Health.
New South Wales Government XXXXXXXXXXKeepthem safe.Retrievedfrom
https://library.westernsydney.edu.au/main/sites/default/files/pdf/cite_APA.pdf