Sample assessment tool -- Observation and demonstration checklist Candidate Assessment Guide HLT54115 Diploma of Nursing Unit of competency: HLTENN007 - Administer and monitor medicines and...

Sample assessment tool -- Observation and demonstration checklist
Candidate Assessment Guide
HLT54115 Diploma of Nursing Unit ofcompetency:
HLTENN007 - Administer and monitor medicines and intravenoustherapy
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Required resources
· Computer with internet connection to access online resources.
· Log in credentials to access the Moodleplatform.
· Textbookreference:
· A
ott, B. and De Vries, S. (2016). Monitoring and Administration of IV Medication forthe Enrolled Nurse, Cengage, China.
· Brotto,V.,Rafferty,K.,2016,‘ClinicalDosageCalculationsforAustralia&NewZealand’,2nd edition, Cengage,Australia.
· Broyles, B., Reiss, B., McKenzie, G., Pleunik, S., Page, R., 2016, ‘Pharmacology in nursing: Australian & New Zealand edition’, 2nd edition, Cengage,China.
· Bryant, B., Knights, K., Da
och, S., Rowland, A., 2019, ‘Pharmacology for health professionals’, 5th edition, Elsevier,China
· Redmond, H. (2016). Chapter 24 Medication administration and monitoring. In Koutoukidis,G, Stainton, K & Hughson, J. Ta
ner's nursing care. (7th ed.). Elsevier,China.
· Tollefson, J., Watson, G., Jelly, E. and Tam
ee, K. (2019). Essential Clinical Skills: Enrolled Nurses. 4th ed. Cengage, China.
· eMIMS (MIMS Online) or MIMS Annualhandbook
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Document: HLTENN007 Candidate Assessment Guide
Date created: 12 January 2019
Version: 2.1
Date implemented: 12 January 2019
Next review: 12 January 2022
Responsibility: Academic Manager (VET)
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· Websitereference:
· Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. (2012). NSQHS Standards fact sheet – Standard 3: Preventing and controlling healthcare associated infections. Retrieved from https:
www.safetyandquality.gov.au/publications/nsqhs-standards-fact-sheet-standard-3- preventing-and-controlling-healthcare-associated-infections
· Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2016). Fact sheet: Enrolled nurses and medicine administration. Retrieved from http:
www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines- Statements/FAQ/Enrolled-nurses-and-medicine-administration.aspx
· SA Health. (2012). Controlled Substances Legislation. Retrieved fromhttp:
www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/about+us/legislation/controlled+substances+legislation/controlled+substances+legislation
· SA Health. (2012). Scheduling of medicines and poisons. Retrieved fromhttp:
www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/about+us/legislation/controlled+substances+legislation/scheduling+of+medicines+and+poisons
Evidence submission:
Knowledge questions
1. Refer to the enrolled nurses and medicine administration fact sheet. Summarise the legal requirements for practice parameters of enrolled nurse outlined in the fact sheet in relation to the administration of medications including intravenous route of medicationadministration.
    To dispense medicines, ENs (enrolled nurses) must undergo medication administration training. EN with a concept, according to the information page, is unable to give medicine, especially IV drugs. If they have completed IV drug administration training, ENs without a clue can deliver IV medicines. By completing additional relevant education, an EN who does not have a note on their registration and has not completed instruction in IV drug administration can increase their scope of practice to include intravenous medication administration (Endacott et al., 2018).
2. Identify and
iefly describe the key objectives of the Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulations applicable to your State/Te
itory.
    The main goal of the Pharmaceuticals and Poisons Regulations (Controlled Substance Regulations 2011) is to regulate the manufacturing, production, sale, supply, and distribution of prescription drugs, allowing only licenced or trained specialists to do so (Goedecke et al., 2018).
3. Identify and
iefly describe the key objectives of the Drugs and Poisons Acts applicable to your State/Te
itory.
    The Drugs and Poison Acts' main goals are to restrict or ban the manufacturing, production, sale, supply, possession, handling, or use of certain poisons, drugs, medicines, and other substances by those who do not have a licence.
4. Identify and
iefly describe three (3) NMBA or ICN codes and guidelines that provide a framework for enrolled nursepractice.
    · Code of conduct for nurses: This code outlines the legal duties, as well as the expected professional behaviour and conduct of all nurses. Nurses have a responsibility to prioritise the needs of patients and to practise safely. Individual nurses can utilise this code of conduct to help them offer safe practise and fulfil their obligations as nurses.
· Code of ethics for nurses: The nursing profession's commitment to respect, promote, safeguard, and maintain the rights of individuals, whether they are the recipients or providers of nursing and healthcare, is outlined in this code of ethics for nurses. This code serves as a guide for ethical decision-making and practise, as well as a reminder to the public of the ethical standards that nurses are expected to respect (Turner, 2018).
· Enrolled nurse standards for practice: This standard describes the basic practise standards for EN in Australia, as well as how to assess EN who are required to be notified. To retain cu
ency and display excellent practise, EN must operate in accordance with the legal and ethical elements of nursing.
5. BrieflydescribethekeyintentionofStandard3‘PreventingandControllingHealthCareAssociated Infections’ of National Safety and Quality Health Standard(NSQHS).
    The goal of the Preventing and Controlling Healthcare-Associated Infection Standard is to enhance infection prevention and control methods in order to help avoid infections and the spread of antimicrobial resistance by using antimicrobials appropriately (van Rooden et al., 2021).
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Document: HLTENN007 Candidate Assessment Guide
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Version: 2.1
Date implemented: 12 January 2019
Next review: 12 January 2022
Responsibility: Academic Manager (VET)
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6. What is meant by Visual Infusion Phlebitis Score (VIPS)? Briefly explain its significance in yournursing practice.
    VIPS is a useful tool for assisting nurses in detecting early signs of phlebitis and facilitating the timely removal of short peripheral IV catheters based on the presence and severity of symptoms. This tool has a 1 to 5 rating. A score of more than 2 necessitates prompt action.
7. Interpret the following schedules of medications and provide two (2) examples of each of these schedules:
a. Schedule2:
. Schedule3:
c. Schedule4:
d. Schedule8:
    a. Schedule 2: Medicines that may be found on the shelves at the drugstore. Dextromethorphan, for example (Martinak et al., 2021).
. Schedule 3: Pharmacist-only medicines are those that may be obtained without a prescription from a pharmacist. Orlistat, for example.
c. Schedule 4: Medicine that can only be obtained with a prescription from a licenced healthcare provider. Benzphetamine, for example.
d. Schedule 8: Controlled drugs are those that are subject to strict guidelines from the time they are created until the time they are used. Fentanyl, for example.
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Document: HLTENN007 Candidate Assessment Guide
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Responsibility: Academic Manager (VET)
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8. Complete the following table outlining how you will handle, calculate, administer and store thefollowing forms of medications:
    Forms
    Examples
    Handling
    Calculation
(specify the formula where appropriate)
    Administration
    Storage
    Capsules
    Gelatin capsules
    To administer capsules, use a medicine cup with no contact.
    No. Of capsules= dose to be given/ stock strength
    Oral
    Stored at a temperature between 15-25 degree Celsius.
    Drops
    Amoxicillin eye drops
    Wear gloves and throw away the drug after 28 days.
    total volume to be given in mls/ time in mins * drop facto
    Inner corner of the eyelid
    Stored in cool and dry place.
    Inhalants
    Fluticasone
    Before using, give it a good shake.
    Check the prescription for the dose required.
    Cream, ointment, oral, nasal drops or spray
    Store in room temperature, away from heat and moisture.
    Liquid
    Dexamethasone as liquid drug
    To measure the co
ect quantity, use a medication cup.
    Amount of solution to be given= dose to be given/ stock strength * stock volume
    Oral
    Store at room temperature away from light, heat and moisture.
    Lotions and creams
    Tretinoin cream
    Apply a small quantity to the afflicted region and gently massage it in.
    Check the prescription for the dose required
    Topical
    Stored at room temperature in closed containe
    Ointments
    Ketoconazole ointment
    Cover the afflicted area with adequate cream.
    Check the prescription for the dose required
    Topical
    Store at room temperature in closed containe
    Patches
    Nitroglycerin patches
    gloves should be worn Apply the patches on dry, un
oken skin, being care to apply them to various parts of the body each time.
    Check the prescription
    Topical
    Store at normal room temperature.
    Powders
    Cholestyramine powde
    Using scoops, determine the right dosage. Combine with a beverage.
    Check the prescription
    Oral
    Store in its original container at room temperature.
    Tablets
    Tab Acetaminophen
    When administering pills, use a medicine cup. There is no skin contact. If the tablets need to be sliced, use a pill cutter.
    No. Of tablets= dose to be given/ stock strength
    Oral
    Store in its original package at normal room temperature.
    Wafers
    Ondaz Zydis wafers
    It should be placed on top of the tongue and swallowed normally.
    Check the prescription.
    Oral
    Stored below 30 degrees Celsius with its seal intact.
    Suppositories
    Dulcolax
    Hand hygiene should be practised both before and after usage. Use the dosage that has been prescribed.
    check the prescription.
    Rectum
    Store at temperature below 25 degrees Celsius
9. Briefly describe the following terms relevant to the pharmacology of medications using anexample:
· Pharmacodynamics
· Pharmacokinetics
· Pharmacotherapeutics
    Pharmacodynamics: The method through which medications exert their effects on the body is known as pharmacodynamics. It is also known as the 'effects of the substance on the body.' Enzymes, for example, are employed as a medicine and have a biochemical function that allows them to be replenished as well as utilised to remove undesired components in the body.
Pharmacokinetics: This is the link between a drug's dosage and the drug receptor, as well as the time period during which the drug is present in the body. It is frequently refe
ed to as "what the body does to the medication." It goes through four stages:
· Drug absorption into the body's fluids
· Drug distribution to the action locations
· Drug metabolism into metabolites.
· Drug elimination.
Pharmacotherapeutics: Drugs are used to prevent, cure, and diagnose disease, as well as to alter normal processes such as preventing conception. Acute therapy, replacement therapy, palliative therapy, and so on are examples.
10. Discuss the term‘toxicology’.
    Toxicology is the scientific study of the harmful effects of chemicals on living organisms, and it entails observing and documenting symptoms that develop after exposure to hazardous substances (Ali, Khan, & Ilahi, 2019).
11. Differentiate between adverse reactions and anaphylacticreactions.
    · Adverse reactions: An unfavourable impact generated by the administration of a medicine that might occur suddenly or gradually.
· Anaphylactic reactions: It is a life-threatening allergic response that requires prompt medical attention. Dizziness, loss of consciousness, difficulty
eathing, blueness of the skin, low blood pressure, heart failure, and even death are all symptoms of this condition.
12. Discuss the term ‘contraindications’ of a medication using anexample.
    Contraindications are conditions that render a certain therapy inadvisable owing to the risk involved. X-rays, for example, are generally avoided during pregnancy due to concerns about the growing baby unless absolutely necessary (Block, 2018).
13. Precautions and side effects are common expressions in medicine administration. Explain both theterms with an example foreach.
    · Precaution is a step performed ahead of time to avoid anything bad from happening. In medical administration, for example, care can be exercised by double-checking the co
ect dose before delivering it to the patient.
· Problems that develop in addition to the anticipated outcomes or when therapy goes beyond the desired effect are known as side effects. Fatigue, hair loss, nausea, and other side effects of cancer therapy are examples.
14. What causes the following potential complications of a blood transfusion? Identify a reason for each of thesecomplications.
· Pain at IV site andarm: Transfusion of incompatible blood.
· Acute immune haemolytic reaction with signs and symptoms such as loin pain, nausea, vomiting, haematuria andheadache: ABO/Rh mismatch (Purvis et al., 2017)
· Urticaria(hives): Foreign plasma proteins
· Flushing, chills orfever:Because of the cytokines that build up in the blood product during storage.
· Anxiety:When there are mismatches between donor and recipient blood, the recipient's body destroys the transfused RBC after transfusion, causing anxiety.
· Wheezing, progressing tocyanosis: Allergic reaction.
· Anaphylactic reaction including tachycardia, cardiac a
est or shock that may lead todeath:Anti-IgA antibodies in patients with IgA deficiency.
15. How should an enrolled nurse apply the following rights of medicationadministration?
· Rightmedication:Examine the drug label as well as the order.
· Rightdose:Check the sequence and double-check the dosage.
· Right prescription(documentation):After administering the prescribed prescription, record the time, route, and any other pertinent information.
· Rightroute:Check the sequence and make sure the path is co
ect.
· Righttime:Check when medicine should be provided and when it was last given. Also, make sure you are getting the right dose at the right time.
· Rightperson:EN should double-check the order's and patient's names. We might also request that the patient identify himself or herself.
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Document: HLTENN007 Candidate Assessment Guide
Date created: 12 January 2019
Version: 2.1
Date implemented: 12 January 2019
Next review: 12 January 2022
Responsibility: Academic Manager (VET)
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· Right expirationdate:Check the expiration date of the drug to be taken to avoid any potential side effects.
· Right torefuse:EN should not compel the patient to take medicine if he or she refuses, even if the implications are known.
16. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications via the buccalroute.
    The following are the steps involved:
· Carefully read the label before using.
· Use an oral syringe to administer liquid medications.
· Take out the drug with dry hands if it is a tablet. If it is not supposed to dissolve, have the patient spit it out after the allotted time.
· Wash your hands before and after using the drug.
· Put the drug between your gums and the inside of your cheek.
· Keep track of when the drug is administered.
17. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications using metered dose inhaler and spacer inhaler.
Metered dose inhaler:
· Remove the MDI's and chamber's caps. Shake vigorously.
· Place the chamber's mouthpiece between your teeth and securely seal your lips around it.
· Take a deep
eath out and exhale thoroughly.
· Once you have pressed the canister, release it.
· Inhale deeply and slowly via your mouth.
· Take a deep
eath and hold it for 10 seconds to allow the drug to enter the lungs' airways (Martinez et al., 2017).
· Follow the procedures above for each puff your doctor has prescribed. Between puffs, wait roughly a minute.
· When you are done, replace the cap on your MDI.
Spacer inhaler:
· Remove inhaler cap
· Check dose counter
· Hold inhaler upright and shake thoroughly
· Insert inhaler upright into spacer
· Place mouthpiece between teeth and tighten lips to establish excellent seal
· Remove spacer from mouth
· Breathe out gently
· Remove inhaler from spacer
· Replace inhaler cap
· Keep spacer horizontal and push down firmly on inhaler canister once
· Breathe in and out normally for 3 or 4
eaths
· Remove spacer from mouth
· Remove inhaler from space
18. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications via PEGtube.
    The following are the steps involved:
· Determine the right dosage to provide.
· Use a slide tip syringe filled with lukewarm water to flush the medication port.
· Remove the empty syringe and replace it with the medication-filled syringe (Nair, Morsy & Jacob, 2018).
· Fill the syringe halfway with lukewarm water and flush the drug down the tube into the stomach.
· Flush with lukewarm water between each drug if you are giving more than one at a time.
· Close the drug port's lid.
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Document: HLTENN007 Candidate Assessment Guide
Date created: 12 January 2019
Version: 2.1
Date implemented: 12 January 2019
Next review: 12 January 2022
Responsibility: Academic Manager (VET)
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19. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications via intranasal route (e.g. administering a nasal spray via a pressurisedcanister).
    The following are the steps involved:
· Blowing your nose before the process
· Shaking the cannister properly before use
· Keeping your head erect
· Inserting the canister tip into your nose,close the nose on the side not receiving the drug with a finger.
· As you begin to
eathe in gently through your nose, press down on the canister.
· Do the same thing with the second nostril.
· After applying the spray, try not to sneeze or blow your nose.
20. Briefly describe the steps involved in administering medications via vaginalroute.
    The following are the steps:
· Check the MAR against the doctor's order
· Perform the seven rights
· Check the label to ensure the drug, dosage, and route are co
ect.
· Before doing the operation, explain it to the patient.
· Use a water-soluble lu
icant for easy access
· Document the operation with suitable PPE (Leyva-Gómez et al., 2021).
21. Identify and
iefly describe an indication to use each of the following IV medication administration methods.
· IVbolus:IV bolus is and can be utilised in an emergency for instant pharmacological impact since it provides for quick drug delivery. It is also used to administer non-dilutable medications (Benson& Roberts, 2021).
· Gravity or dripinfusion:This approach is used to ca
y intermittent drugs as well as pharmaceuticals with a short shelf life.
· Electronic pumpinfusion:This approach provides for huge infusion volumes and rates, as well as continuous infusions and tapering functions, among other things.
· Via burette:This approach dilutes the medicine in a smaller volume, preventing unintentional fluid...