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Referencing and in-text referencing is required using the Harvard referencing format Assignment 2 Submission Focusing on a specific diagnostic classification of mental illness you are interested in,...

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Referencing and in-text referencing is required using the Harvard referencing format

Assignment 2 Submission

Focusing on a specific diagnostic classification of mental illness you are interested in, explore the current literature to make conclusions about evidence based interventions to ensure best practice in a clinical setting. The assignment needs to cover both pharmacological and therapeutic interventions within the context of contemporary practice.

(2,500 words)

Graded:

HD, DN, CR, P, F

Weighting:

40%

Length:

2500 words

Ensure all arguments and opinions are supported by relevant literature. Referencing and in-text referencing is required using the Harvard referencing format




Answered Same Day May 20, 2020

Solution

Anju Lata answered on May 24 2020
137 Votes
SCHIZOPHRENIA 3
ASSIGNMENT 2
SCHIZOPHRENIA
By ……………….
Course Name:……………………
Professor:……………………….
University:………………………
Date:……………………………
Abstract
Evidence-based interventions in collaboration with pharmacological and psychosocial approaches are an important part of effective treatment of people with Schizophrenia.
The paper presents a
ief introduction of Schizophrenia, its diagnostic classification, evidence-based interventions, pharmacological and therapeutic interventions for the effective treatment of disease.
Keywords: Evidence-based Intervention; Schizophrenia; psychosocial; pharmacological; therapeutic.
SCHIZOPHRENIA
Introduction
Schizophrenia is a psychotic mental disorder mainly affecting the adults aged between 16 to 30 years (Nordqvist,2017). It is often considered as a lifelong illness. The disease is mainly characterized by cognitive difficulties, hallucinations and delusions. On an average, Schizophrenia is prevalent in 1% of the population worldwide. The symptoms become prominent in males at an early age than the females(Frankenburg,2018). In many instances, the symptoms develop at such a slow rate that the person cannot find out that he has been suffering from the disease for many years. In some instances, the disease appears suddenly. International epidemiological data reports reveal the mean prevalence of 4.5 in every 1000 individuals and standard mortality rate of 2.7 due to schizophrenia (Dimitrelis, 2016). These figures show the disease is a significantly major problem resulting in high mortality. The disease is highly chronic in its course of action as only 1.4% people out of those receiving treatment achieve a satisfactory recovery annually.
Diagnostic classification of Schizophrenia
The disease is classified as a Psychotic disorder giving rise to abnormal thoughts and perceptions; and mainly characterized by delusions and hallucination (Nordqvist,2017). Psychosis refers to a mental condition in which the person gets far away from reality. It becomes difficult for the person to think clearly, to make decisions, to express emotions and communicate appropriately.
In spite of consistent research for many years, the diagnosis of Schizophrenia still depends on clinical presentation only and there are no significant valid biomarkers which can identify the high-risk cases of disease.
Diagnosis of Schizophrenia includes physical and mental examination to rule out the possibility of other mental problems and side effects, pathological tests assessment of Complete Blood Count, fasting glucose level, lipid profile, thyroid and renal functioning, screenings for ruling out the possibility of drug addiction and psychiatric evaluation which involves enquiry about behavioral changes, thoughts, delusions and suicidal tendency and family violence (Frankenburg,2018). The physicians use various guidelines for management of Schizophrenia-like American Psychiatric Associations (APA) guidelines enlisted in Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals, Canadian Guidelines, NICE and MAUDSLEY Guidelines (Arora,2015).
The rating scales like Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Scale for assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), scale for assessment of positive symptoms (SAPS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) are used to analyze the level of severity of disease (Arora,2015).
The patients of Schizophrenia largely depend on others as they are unable to care for themselves. Many patients do not accept the treatment as they feel they are normal and healthy. The illness affects not only the patient but also his family, friends and his su
oundings. The person experiences lack of motivation, low self-esteem, and gets devoid of any facial expression. He develops lack of concentration and distu
ing thoughts.
Delusion means the patient may perceive false beliefs in form of delusions of persecution and splendor (Frankenburg,2018). Sometimes he may think that some external powers are trying to control him remotely and sometimes he may think that he has superpowers and capabilities. Hallucination refers to the condition where the person may hear abnormal sounds, ignoring the other senses like tasting, smelling, watching and feeling. The person withdraws socially and always fears that someone is trying to harm them.
Environmental and genetic factors are collectively responsible to cause Schizophrenia. The main contributing factors are Genetic Inheritance, chemical imbalance in the
ain, strenuous relationships in family, drugs and other environmental triggers.
Evidence-based Interventions
Though a number of evidence-based interventions are present for the treatment of schizophrenia, the implementation statistics show that very few interventions have been properly implemented in any clinical setting (Lieberman,2006). The practice of combining two or more evidence-based interventions has been adopted in many mental settings. Few of them are the merge of cognitive behavior therapy with Training Skills, combining supported employment with training skills and cognitive remediation with supported employment etc (Lecomte et al,2014).
The evidence-based interventions address management of symptoms, prevention of relapse, supported employment and analyzing the functioning of the patient at psychosocial level. Many studies show that majority of patients of Schizophrenia in many countries do not receive evidence-based care. The National Como
idity Analysis reveals that more than 60% mentally ill patients receive no appropriate treatment, 25% receive insufficient treatment and just 15% receive minimum treatment.
The Wagner’s model of chronic care involves six components to combine best possible implementation strategies (Mueser et al,2013).1. Analyzing the financial requirements, and leadership in Healthcare Organizations and removing the ba
iers, 2. Enhancing the self-help management, nursing awareness services and access to community resources, 3.Monitoring the care, 4.Improving self-management support like helping the people set goals and follow action plans, 5. Providing help in taking decisions at clinical level and 6. Framing the clinical information system.
One...
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