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CHALLENGES OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN HIGHLY DIVERSE MULTICULTURAL COMMUNITIES
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Community and its types    3
Existence of multiculturism in community    3
Issues of social and cultural diversity in community cohesion    4
Agencies and their role in promoting health and wellbeing in community    6
Approaches to community development as part of community initiative    6
Conclusion    7
References    8
Introduction
Globalisation and migration have changed the world completely, which has affected the society and all the related aspect. They are responsible for the diversity of the population in the world. It has been seen that trend of multiculturism is very common in all parts of world. Earlier multiculturism was used in context of the society only, on contrary, trend of multiculturism can be commonly observed in community also. In one context, it is considered as a sign of advancement of the community and successful cohesion, which can increase the power of tolerance in people for each other.
On other hand, for the community developers, multiculturism has posed challenge in development of community. Community generally means group of people living together in a same area or neighbourhood. These people mostly have common need and interest. On contrary, in multiculturism, different people live together but they do not share the same needs or interest. Yet, all the people in the community wanted to feel one common thing, which is sense of belonging.
Community and its types
Community in general can be termed as idea of sense of belonging in the area. As suggested by Tonnies and Loomis (2017), community can be defined as group of people living together in common place having similar interest. They are either large or small groups shared the common religion, norm, values and interest. Community provides the individual as sense of existence among the people. It gives the identity of the individual. There are many types of communities. They are called u
an, rural, and sub-u
an in context of the location and living style of the people. There are five main reasons, which are base for the development of any community.
As suggested by Labatut and Orman (2017), interest, action, place, practice and circumstance are the reasons for the formation of the community of a place. In context of interest, people sharing the same interests and passion formed the community. In context of action, people work together to
ing change in the world formed the change. In context of place, people living in the same geographical area are considered community. In context of practice, people working in same profession or conduct similar activities formed community. In context of circumstance, people come together due to events or situation like war formed the community.
Existence of multiculturism in community
The concept of multiculturism is not new; its existence goes beyond 1900. On the contrary, the use of this terminology become persistent in past forty years after starting of frequent international migration. As noted by Taylor (2016), multiculturism can be defined as existence of many types of cultures or ethnic groups all together in a society. These days this concept can be commonly prevailing in communities also. The migration of people into the western civilisation in search of job or quality education had been frequently increased. People who come to countries like USA, UK and Canada to improve their quality of life from the developing countries are settled. This initiates the multiculturism in western countries. As suggested by Mitchell (2016), multiculturism become the need of the society for the peaceful existence of the people in society or community.
There is occu
ence of social cohesion in the country, so that the native people as well as migrated people can peacefully live in the country and enjoy their rights. This increases the patience and tolerance among people towards each other. As mentioned by Malik (2015), there are minor setbacks in the existence of the concept of multiculturism in the society. It was criticised for the promotion of the immigration in the country, which reduces the job opportunities for the native people. Multiculturism led to the many social conflicts in the world, which includes negligence of right of minorities, racial discrimination and existence of sense of superiorities among native people.
As determined...