Solution
Rimsha answered on
Oct 22 2021
Running Head: GRANT PROPOSAL ESSAY 1
GRANT PROPOSAL ESSAY 15
GRANT PROPOSAL ESSAY
TOBACCO USE IN INDIA
Table of Contents
Background, Brief Literature and Rationale 3
Aim 6
Research Questions 6
Study Design 7
Sampling Methods 9
Analysis Method 9
Sample Size and Power 10
Data Collection Methods 10
Ethical Statement 10
Anticipated Outcome and Significance 11
Strategies to Evaluate Outcomes 11
Proposed Timeline 12
Justification of Budget 13
References 14
Overview of the Proposed Project for Grant Application
Development and Implementation of Strategies to Control Tobacco Use in India
Country Concerned
India
Duration
_________________
Amount Requested
____________
Background, Brief Literature and Rationale
In India, tobacco consumption is one of the main health concerns as every other person mainly youth and men have addiction of one or other form of tobacco. Rate of consumption of tobacco in the form of smoking or direct eating is around 28.6% of the population. It has been seen that around 10.6% are engaged in smoking and remaining are dependent on smokeless tobacco. Khaini and beedi are dominant form of tobacco consumption in India.
Consumption of beedi is in largest amount, which is mainly consumed by people belonging to lowers socio-economic background. On the contrary, in the past seven years, it has been seen that the consumption of tobacco among group of age between 15 and 24 has increased, which raises concern about the future of heath of this group (Mohan, Lando & Panneer, 2018). It must be noted that smokeless tobacco use is documented in the 120 countries, out of which India stands at the topmost position for highly consumption of smokeless tobacco.
As noted by Dixit et al. (2015), despite taking all the efforts to control the consumption of tobacco in India, government failed to get the desired outcome from strategies and intervention. Around one-fifth of all the death, which occurs due to tobacco, occurs in India. On an average, eight lakhs people died and 12 million people suffered from disease due to tobacco. As mentioned by Bhan et al. (2016), tobacco resulted in increase in risk of the cardiovascular diseases and lung and oral cavity cancer.
There has been high disparity in consumption of tobacco in rural and u
an areas as well as higher and lower socio-economic group. The high vulnerability can be detected among the people belonging to the lower socio-economic group and people belong to the rural area. All of them are mainly consuming tobacco in the form of Khaini and beedi. It must be noted that tobacco is highly addictive in nature, which makes it difficult for people to quit once get addiction of the substance.
As noted by Odani, Armour, Graffunder, Ga
ett and Agaku (2017), there are several reasons, which prevent people from quitting the tobacco consumption. Some of the most significant reasons for failure in attempt of quitting include peer pressure among youth and older man and good marketing strategies increases the attraction of people in consuming tobacco. Apart from this, lack of awareness about the harmful effect of the tobacco consumption and failure of government’s intervention to reach to all vulnerable group resulted in increase in consumption of the tobacco among rural and lower socio-economic group.
As mentioned by Aishwarya et al. (2017), tobacco-selling companies are the sixth largest contributing companies in the world, which support the gross domestic product of the country. The extensive network and unlimited financial global support reduce the fear of any kind in tobacco industry. It is important to note that smokeless tobacco affect the health of individual person who is consuming it. On the other hand, smoking tobacco has poor impact on the health of all the people who inhale the smoke released by smoker. Passive smoking is far dangerous than active smoking. Once started, as adventure, it becomes a rescue strategy from work stress and then ultimately become habitual. Smoking is responsible for the many kind of diseases such as lung cancer, oesophageal cancer, stroke and COPD.
As suggested by McKay, Patel and Majeed (2015), cu
ently many policies are in action in India to control tobacco consumption. One of the policies includes strict prohibition of smoking in public area. This policy had positive impact as it protects people from passive smoking. Although, policy is good but its implementation and strict following was not done properly. There are certain places where completely banned in public places such as educational, healthcare and government facilities as well as public transport.
As mentioned by Mutti et al. (2016), government has put restriction on tobacco sponsorship and publicity. Advertisement through mass media is prohibited. There are pictorial health warning on the cover of the package on front and backside covering around 85% of the coverage. This labelling is done in such a poor picture quality, which failed to make any great impact on the people (Thakur & Paika, 2018).
The choices of pictures are done in such a way for labels that all the pictures failed to provide the message. There is prohibition to sell the tobacco to people below the age of 18 yet, most of the shopkeeper managed to sale tobacco to every customer illegally despite of the age. The law prohibits people to regulate the contents of cigarettes. There has been ban on the selling of e-cigarettes yet the country failed to ban the consumption of all form of tobacco.
As noted by Jawad, El Kadi, Mugha
il and Nakkash (2015), there is implementation of act for regulating the tobacco in the country. This act is known as The Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Product Act 23, which have comprehensive law on tobacco control in the country, yet it failed to make any significant impact on buying and selling of the product. It has been seen that people in India failed to understand the low quality of life due to cigarette consumption. The treatment related to the cancer due to tobacco consumption often pushed the families into poverty. The lower socio-economic group failed to afford the treatment given to them (Kostova & Dave, 2015).
Smoking is considered as momentary refuge for poor and depressed class from their living condition and hardship of the life. Since tobacco has a calming effect on anxiety due to the presence of nicotine, which leads to the neurochemical reactions, hence, people are highly engaged in it. Apart from it, beedi and Khaini are available in very low price in India, thus, all the people can easily afford it daily.
Easy access in cheaper price is the significant cause of the failure of all the policies in the country (Mistry et al., 2015). There are several factors, which are engaged in making tobacco, a cause that rise the burden of many diseases in the country. Cancer and other respiratory disorders are many burdens in India. Work needs to be done to...