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Improving Total Knee Replacement at Brigham and Women's Hospital In 2007 John Wright gathered a group of people from all of the profes-sions involved in total knee replacement at Brigham and Women's Hos-pital—surgery, anesthesia, nursing, physical therapy-to formulate a single standard way of doing knee replacements (Gawande XXXXXXXXXXThe team carefully studied the medical literature, conducted some small-scale trials, worked together to develop a standard protocol, and tried to get everyone to follow suit. The new protocol involved changes in anesthesia, changes in the prostheses used, changes in medications, changes in postoperative activities for patients, and changes in physi-cal therapy. The new protocol reduced costs, improved pain control, improved the mobility of patients, and shortened length of stay. Lowe XXXXXXXXXXquotes Wright as saying, "Our primary goal is to improve the Outcome and theprocess of care for the patient. invariably when we Pay attention to these concerns, we find that we achieve the secondary goals of efficiency and cost savings•"
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Robert · Accepted Answer

Total Knee Replacement Case Study 
Question 1 
Standardization is critical as in surgery, there are various practice areas and high 
variation tends to exist in these areas. If the high process variation is allowed to continue, it 
could result in high error rate. Standardisation also provides requisite guidance to the staff 
with regards to the optimum way of performing a given task which is really helpful in a 
stressed out environment such as that in the operation theatre. The standardization of 
activities and processes was one of the founding principles of scientific management and the 
benefits of these have been derived by a host of organisations especially in Japan (Modern, 
2007). As standardization leads to lower error rate due to efficient processes and better 
coordination amongst team members, hence the quality of services extended to the patient 
would also undergo drastic improvement. Further, it would diminish manual operational 
errors as strict protocols and checklists need to be followed for treatment of any given patient.  
Question 2 
It is apparent from the given information that standardisation of prostheses would 
result in significant cost savings for the hospital. However,

of-tic perft„," not-for-profit hospitals, where profitt-s"hla* ring is permit kvinapter 6 discus:: con. omcidc 00,10jriog 0: i-Te11ay is only part of an effective itncreensptiovnedsytstneomtp.PEe...

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