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Microsoft Word - LAW 480 Module I, Assignment 1.1, Trimester 2, 2020 ver 1.3.docx Page 1 of 2 School of Law University of New England Armidale NSW 2351 Australia Phone XXXXXXXXXX Fax XXXXXXXXXX2580...

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Microsoft Word - LAW 480 Module I, Assignment 1.1, Trimester 2, 2020 ver 1.3.docx

Page 1 of 2 
School of Law
University of New England
Armidale NSW 2351
Australia
Phone XXXXXXXXXX
Fax XXXXXXXXXX2580
http:
askune.custhelp.com/
www.une.edu.au/law
LAW 480 – Remedies and Advanced Professional Skills
Assignment 1.1 (Module I) – Trimester 2, 2020
Due Date: 11:59pm UNE time Sunday 26 July 2020
Students must answer all of the six research questions listed below. Questions 1-5 are each
worth 10 marks. Question 6 is worth 15 marks. An additional 5 marks are allocated to
eferencing and bibliography. Thus, the assignment will be marked out of 70 and then
converted to a mark out of 20 (rounded to the nearest half-mark). The word limit is strictly
3000 words, excluding any questions, headings, footnotes and bibliography.
In presenting their answers, students must:
(i) give an outline of their research plan
(ii) explain the steps taken to find the relevant law
(iii) identify when and how any relevant statute law(s) came into force
(iv) reference their work according to the Australian Guide to Legal Citation (Melbourne
University Law Review Association Inc, 4th ed, 2018) and include a bibliography
(v) include legal authority for all propositions of law using pinpoint references
(vi) comply with the marking criteria and guidance contained in the unit Supplementary
Material.

Research questions:
1. Answer both of:

(a) Explain the use of the expression ‘without prejudice’; and
(b) What is the origin and purpose of a Calde
ank letter?
[10 Marks]

2. What is the ‘autochthonous expedient’? Cite primary authority for the term and the
legislation (including the relevant sections) which make the expedient work.

[10 Marks]

3. Nominate and explain a statute from each of the following:

(a) New South Wales;
(b) any other Australian state; and
(c) an Australian Te
itory

which might permit a testator to appoint a guardian for their child.
[10 Marks]
Page 2 of 2 
v1.3 
4. Answer both of:

(a) What is the limitation period for a claim for loss or damage on board a ship
caused by another ship; and
(b) Is an extension to the limitation available?
Refer to both Commonwealth and NSW law in your answer.
[10 Marks]

5. Find and
iefly explain the latest case in which the High Court of Australia examined
the equitable remedy of account of profits.

[10 Marks]

6. Discuss the mechanism by which treaties and conventions may become Australian
law by comparing the implementation (if any) in Australia of:

(a) the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of
Maritime Navigation; and
(b) the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Ca
iage
y Air.

[15 Marks]
Adam Edwards XXXXXXXXXXJune 2020
Mod I Lecturer

Microsoft Word - Assessment 1- Final.docx
Jenna    
 Rich    
  LS480    
  Assignment    
 1    
 
    
      
      
 1    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
Jenna    
 Rich    
 
XXXXXXXXXX    
 
Advanced    
 Research,    
 Writing    
 and    
 
Advocacy    
 –    
     
 
Assessment    
 1    
 
Words:    
 2099    
 (excluding    
 questions)    
 
    
      
 
Th
in
ks
wa
p
Do
cu
m
en
t
Jenna    
 Rich    
  LS480    
  Assignment    
 1    
 
    
      
      
 2    
 
    
 
Note    
 to    
 Marker:    
 Assent,    
 amendments,    
 commencement,    
 purpose    
 of    
 Acts    
 are    
 
listed    
 in    
 Appendix    
 1.    
     
 
    
 
1.    
 
Plan:    
 
    
 
    
 
Steps:    
 
    
 
• From    
 the    
 textbook    
 ‘Administrative    
 Law’,    
 I    
 recalled    
 that    
 privative    
 clauses    
 
are    
 provisions    
 included    
 in    
 legislation    
 to    
 limit    
 the    
 scope    
 of    
 judicial    
 review.1    
 
• I    
 defined    
 ‘Act    
 of    
 Parliament’    
 using    
 a    
 legal    
 dictionary,    
 as    
 a    
 bill,    
 which    
 has    
 
passed    
 all    
 three    
 readings    
 and    
 has    
 been    
 given    
 the    
 royal    
 assent,    
 and    
 
incorporated    
 as    
 a    
 law.2    
     
 
• I    
 used    
 the    
 example    
 from    
 the    
 text    
 as    
 a    
 starting    
 point    
 in    
 my    
 research.    
 This    
 
was    
 The    
 Migration    
 Act3.    
     
 
• As    
 the    
 Migration    
 Act    
 is    
 a    
 Commonwealth    
 law,    
 I    
 used    
 Comlaw    
 and    
 searched    
 
for    
 ‘Migration    
 Act’    
 in    
 the    
 advanced    
 search    
 option.    
     
 
• As    
 the    
 text    
 refe
ed    
 me    
 to    
 s    
 474,    
 I    
 searched    
 for    
 this    
 section    
 and    
 discovered    
 
that    
 the    
 Act    
 did    
 contain    
 a    
 privative    
 clause.    
 This    
 stated,    
 “Decisions    
 under    
 
the    
 act    
 are    
 final”.4    
 
• I    
 then    
 went    
 to    
 the    
 definitions    
 section    
 and    
 found    
 that    
 ‘Privative    
 Clause’    
 was    
 
defined    
 as    
 an    
 administrative    
 decision    
 made    
 under    
 the    
 act,    
 which    
 are    
 final    
 
and    
 conclusive,    
 and    
 may    
 not    
 be    
 “challenged,    
 appealed    
 against,    
 reviewed,    
 
quashed    
 or    
 called    
 into    
 question”.5    
 
• I    
 then    
 used    
 ‘note    
 up’    
 in    
 Austlii    
 and    
 found    
 the    
 case    
 of    
 Plaintiff    
 S157.6    
 In    
 this    
 
case,    
 the    
 HCA    
 examined    
 the    
 potential    
 conflict    
 between    
 s    
 474    
 of    
 the    
 
Migration    
 Act    
 and    
 s    
 75    
 of    
 the    
 Constitution.7    
 The    
 majority    
 held    
 that    
 the    
 
constitutional    
 jurisdiction    
 of    
 the    
 High    
 Court    
 couldn’t    
 be    
 compromised    
 by    
 
a    
 privative    
 clause8    
 and    
 thus    
 s    
 474    
 could    
 not    
 apply    
 in    
 relation    
 to    
 
jurisdictional    
 e
or.9    
     
 
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
1    
 Douglas    
 &    
 Jones,    
 Douglas    
 and    
 Jones’s    
 Administrative    
 Law    
 (Federal    
 Press,    
 
Australia    
 2008).    
     
 
2    
 Butt,    
 Peter,    
 Lexis    
 Nexis    
 Concise    
 Australian    
 Legal    
 Dictionary    
 (Lexisnexis    
 
Butterworths,    
 Australia    
 2008)    
 p    
 12.    
 
3    
 Migration    
 Act    
 1958    
 (Cth).    
 
4    
 Ibid    
 s    
 474.    
     
 
5    
 Migration    
 Act    
 1958    
 (Cth)    
 s    
 474    
 (2).    
 
6    
 Plaintiff    
 S157/2002    
 v    
 Commonwealth    
 [2003]    
 HCA    
 2.    
     
 
7    
 Commonwealth    
 of    
 Australia    
 Constitution    
 Act    
 1900    
 s    
 51.    
 
8    
 Plaintiff    
 S157/2002    
 v    
 Commonwealth    
 [2003]    
 HCA    
 2    
 [5].    
 
9    
 Ibid    
 [121].    
     
 
Locate    
 Relevant    
 
Textbook:    
 
Background    
 
Understanding    
 
Google    
 Search:    
 
Keywords    
 
"Privative    
 Clauses    
 
Australia"    
 
Comlaw/AustLII:    
 
Relevance,    
 assent,    
 
commencement,    
 
cu
ent.    
 
'Note    
 up"    
 :    
 
Attached    
 case    
 law    
 
Combine    
 to    
 
answer    
 question    
 
Th
in
ks
wa
p
Do
cu
m
en
t
Jenna    
 Rich    
  LS480    
  Assignment    
 1    
 
    
      
      
 3    
 
• I    
 used    
 Austlii    
 “This    
 phrase”,    
 “All    
 legislation”    
 with    
 keywords    
 “may    
 not    
 be    
 
appealed    
 against”,    
 “quashed”.    
 This    
 returned    
 the    
 result    
 Industrial    
 Relations    
 
Act10.    
 I    
 then    
 used    
 “search    
 this    
 Act”    
 with    
 the    
 same    
 key    
 words,    
 and    
 located    
 s    
 
179    
 which    
 states    
 that    
 decisions    
 of    
 the    
 commission    
 are    
 final,    
 and    
 may    
 not    
 
e    
 appealed    
 against,    
 reviewed,    
 or    
 called    
 into    
 question.11    
 The    
 definitions    
 
section    
 of    
 the    
 Act    
 provides    
 that    
 ‘decision’    
 includes    
 any    
 award    
 or    
 order    
 
made.12    
     
 
    
 
    
 
2.    
 
    
 
Plan:    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
Steps:    
 
• Using    
 a    
 tax    
 law    
 textbook13    
 I    
 deciphered    
 that    
 ‘ca
ying    
 on    
 a    
 business    
 for    
 
the    
 purpose    
 of    
 earning    
 assessable    
 income’    
 was    
 a    
 stipulation    
 of    
 the    
 Income    
 
Tax    
 Assessment    
 Act14.    
 
• I    
 used    
 Austlii    
 to    
 locate    
 the    
 Act,    
 and    
 “Search    
 this    
 act:    
 earning    
 assessable    
 
income”    
 to    
 determine    
 that    
 this    
 provision    
 was    
 located    
 in    
 s    
 8-­‐1    
 of    
 the    
 Act,    
 
under    
 ‘General    
 Deductions’15.    
 
• I    
 used    
 ‘noteup’    
 to    
 find    
 cases    
 containing    
 this    
 section    
 of    
 legislation.    
 
• I    
 refined    
 the    
 search    
 by    
 ordering    
 results    
 based    
 on    
 ‘date’    
 and    
 using    
 the    
 “By    
 
Database    
 –    
 High    
 Court    
 of    
 Australia”    
 parameter.    
 
• This    
 returned    
 the    
 result    
 of    
 Spriggs    
 v    
 Federal    
 Commissioner16.    
     
 
• I    
 then    
 checked    
 ‘noteup’    
 to    
 see    
 if    
 this    
 case    
 had    
 been    
 more    
 recently    
 refe
ed    
 
to,    
 which    
 it    
 had    
 in    
 Anstis17,    
 however    
 this    
 decision    
 did    
 not    
 specifically    
 
elate    
 to    
 ca
ying    
 on    
 a    
 business    
 for    
 the    
 purpose    
 of    
 earning    
 assessable    
 
income.    
     
     
 
    
 
3.    
 
Plan:    
 
    
 
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
10    
 Industrial    
 Relations    
 Act    
 1996    
 (NSW).    
 
11    
 Ibid    
 s    
 179.    
     
 
12    
 Ibid.    
     
     
 
13    
 Woellner,    
 Barkoczy,    
 Murphy    
 and    
 Evans,    
 2014    
 Australian    
 Taxation    
 Law    
 (CCH,    
 
24th    
 edition,    
 Australia,    
 2014).    
 
14    
 Income    
 Tax    
 Assessment    
 Act    
 1997    
 (Cth).    
 
15    
 Income    
 Tax    
 Assessment    
 Act    
 1997    
 (Cth)    
 s    
 8-­‐1.    
 
16    
 Spriggs    
 v    
 Federal    
 Commissioner    
 of    
 Taxation    
 and    
 Riddel    
 v    
 Commissioner    
 of    
 
Taxation    
 [2009]    
 HCA    
 22.    
 
17    
 Commissioner    
 of    
 Taxation    
 v    
     
 Anstis    
     
 [2010]    
 HCA    
 183.    
 
Locate    
 Relevant    
 
Textbook:    
 
Background    
 
Understanding    
 
Google    
 Search:    
 
Keywords    
 
"Earning    
 
Assessable    
 
Income,    
 
Ca
ying    
 on    
 
Business"    
 
Comlaw
AustLII:    
 
Relevance,    
 
assent,    
 
commencement,    
 
cu
ent.    
 
'Note    
 up"    
 :    
 
Attached    
 case    
 
law    
 
Combine    
 to    
 
answer    
 question    
 
Th
in
ks
wa
p
Do
cu
m
en
t
Jenna    
 Rich    
  LS480    
  Assignment    
 1    
 
    
      
      
 4    
 
    
 
    
 
Steps:    
 
• Using    
 a    
 
oad    
 Google    
 search    
 with    
 keywords    
 “Personal    
 Property    
 Securities    
 
Australia”    
 I    
 determined    
 that    
 security    
 of    
 personal    
 property    
 is    
 dealt    
 with    
 
under    
 the    
 Personal    
 Property    
 Securites    
 Act18.    
 
• I    
 found    
 this    
 Act    
 using    
 Comlaw    
 and    
 determined    
 that    
 it    
 was    
 introduced    
 to    
 
simplify    
 and    
 unify    
 management    
 of    
 personal    
 property    
 security    
 interests.    
     
 
• I    
 used    
 a    
 “NSW    
 HANDSARD”    
 search,    
 using    
 key    
 words    
 “Personal    
 Property    
 
Securities    
 NSW”.    
 Through    
 this,    
 I    
 located    
 the    
 PPS    
 (Commonwealth    
 Powers)    
 
Act19.    
     
 
• I    
 used    
 a    
 NSW    
 Legislation    
 search    
 to    
 determine    
 that    
 the    
 act    
 was    
 created    
 to    
 
efer    
 certain    
 matters    
 of    
 security    
 interests    
 in    
 personal    
 property    
 to    
 the    
 
Commonwealth    
 Parliament20.    
     
 Therefore,    
 this    
 is    
 the    
 NSW    
 act    
 which    
 
enables    
 the    
 PPSA.    
     
 
• I    
 then    
 located    
 the    
 Second    
 Reading    
 Speech    
 of    
 the    
 Bill,    
 which    
 confirmed    
 that    
 
the    
 Act    
 was    
 created    
 through    
 discussion    
 with    
 all    
 Australian    
 jurisdictions,    
 
to    
Answered Same Day Jul 27, 2021 LAW480 University of New England

Solution

Ishika answered on Aug 08 2021
138 Votes
Running head: ANALYSIS                                     
ANALYSIS                                            
Legal Research
Student Name
Institute Affiliation
Date
Legal Research
1. Answer both of:
(a) Explain the use of the expression ‘without prejudice’; and
(b) What is the origin and purpose of a Calde
ank letter?
Plan
    Step 1
    Step 2
    Step 3
    Step 4
    Step 5
    Locate Relevant Material for background understanding
    Google Search for keywords - Calde
ank v Calde
ank
    Comlaw/AustLII: Relevance, assent, commencement, cu
ent.
    Case Law Discussion
Calde
ank v Calde
ank
    Answer the question
I was able to recall the Calde
ank case I found during my previous research and it included unique provisions.
I used the same case study for google search “Calde
ank v Calde
ank”.
I was able to find the definition for the expression “without prejudice”.
The expression is used to encourage settlement discussions[footnoteRef:0]. [0: AW Bradley, “Licensing Justices—Bias—Disqualification—Licensing Act, 1953” (1961) 19(01) The Cam
idge Law Journal 8.]
I used noteup to find the term and its relation to the case.
The ‘without prejudice’ expression is used in this Calde
ank v Calde
ank case where there are issues regarding the reasonableness of the settlement.
For the second question, I looked up the Ma
ied Women’s Property Act 1886 as the letter is connected to damages and debt.[footnoteRef:1] [1: J Dhingra, “It Is Time to Unseal Sealed Offers in International A
itration: As a Negotiation Strategy or Pressure Tactics?” (2012) 28(3) A
itration International 511.]
The results also yielded the purpose of the letter.
2. What is ‘autochthonous expedient’? Cite primary authority for the term and the legislation (including the relevant sections) which make the expedient work.
Plan
    Step 1
    Step 2
    Step 3
    Step 4
    Step 5
    Locate Relevant Material for background understanding
    Google Search for keywords - autochthonous expedient
    Comlaw/AustLII: Relevance, assent, commencement, cu
ent.
    Case Law Discussion
    Answer the question
I used “autochthonous expedient” on Google search and the results yielded the definition.
Then, I refined the search results to find the sync with the Australian Law and the Federal Judiciary Court.
I noted down some details about the initiation of the Federal Judiciary Court of Australia[footnoteRef:2] [2: Rae Else-Mitchell, “Burying the Autochthonous Expedient?” (1969) 3(2) Federal Law Review 187.]
I used noteup to look for original jurisdiction and the mention of the same in section 77 (iii) of the constitution.
The comparison was conducted and the offenses and if the term has run its course have been found out.[footnoteRef:3] [3: Mark Weinberg, “Federal Indictable Offences: Has the ‘Autochthonous Expedient’ Run Its Course?” (September 9, 2017) www.supremecourt.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/assets/2017/10/16/fdc4235e4/Federalindictableoffencesautochthonousexpedient.pdf>.]
3. Nominate and explain a statute from each of the following:
(a) New South Wales;
(b) any other Australian state; and
(c) an Australian Te
itory
which might permit a testator to appoint a guardian for their child.
Plan
    Step 1
    Step 2
    Step 3
    Step 4
    Step 5
    Locate Relevant Material for background understanding
    Google Search for keywords -
New South Wales Statute
Tasmania Statute
Australian te
itories Statute
    Comlaw/AustLII: Relevance, assent, commencement, cu
ent.
    Case Law Discussion
Durham Holdings Pty Ltd v New South Wales
    Answer the question
I looked up for these three words “New South Wales Statute”, “Tasmania Statute”, “Australian te
itories Statute” and found a list of acts under the title.
As for New South Wales, I used noteup to find out Guardianship and its place under section[footnoteRef:4]. [4: John Chesterman, “The Future of Adult...
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