MGMT6002 Influencing and Making Decisions Assessment Assignment One: Reflective Analysis Individual/Group Individual Length 3000 Word Limit Learning Outcomes ? Select and evaluate the usefulness of a...

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Decision-Making Methods, Models, Frameworks and Taxonomies
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Executive Summary
Decision Support System is one of specialized process of an organization that creates the
effective and proper decisions time to time or on ad-hoc basis. The decision is important
equirement to reduce the risks of the failure of the given process to get optimal result. The
decision making process can be heuristics containing the semantics involved in the different
aspects of the business functions.
This report explores the processes, methods, models, framework and taxonomy of decision
making system.
Makers of decision are the members of the executive management team who have much
expertise in the field of decision making for organization. They adopt the suitable process to take
the strategic decision in given time frame. The process facilitates by the method which is adopted
in the given case require to make decision. The decision makers can involve the people who have
not under their team. The structure of organization also influence the confidence of decision
makers.
All the methods of decision making follow a specified model to make the decision. The selected
model of making of decision states the co
ectness and effectiveness of made decision. The
models of decision making are rational model, Carnegie model, incremental model etc. These
models presents the standard methodologies and processes to be adopted at the time of given
aspect to make the co
ect and proper decisions.
The framework of system of decision making is based on organizational system where the
decision makers takes steps during the process of decision making. A framework of decision
making specifies the systematic approach with the various inputs to be addressed and gathered
the information to make decision making.
A decision making taxonomy is the derivation of the model and framework having the given
scenario of the system. A decision maker always consider the decision making taxonomy to state
the decision characteristics. Decision makers also selects the contextual overview under the
given taxonomy to make the co
ect and proper decision.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction 4
2. Methods of Decision Making 5
2.1 Decision Making Through Command 5
2.2 Decision Making by Consulting 5
2.3 Decision making by Voting 5
2.4 Decision Making by Consensus 6
3. Selection of Decision Making Method 6
4. Decision Making Model 7
4.1 Rational Decision Making Model 7
4.2 Carnegie Decision Making Model 7
4.3 Incremental Decision Process Model 8
4.4 Ga
age Can Decision Making Model 9
4.5 Unstructured Decision Making Model 10
5. Decision Making Framework and Taxonomy 10
5.1 Getting the Possible Solutions and Options 11
5.2 Settlement of Time Table and Specifying the Responsibility 11
5.3 Information Gathering 11
5.4 Measure of the Risk 11
5.5 Considering the Advantage and Disadvantages 11
6. Conclusion 12
7. References 12
List of Figures
1. Steps of Rational Decision Making Model 7
2. Carnegie Decision Making Model Steps 8
3. Steps and Processes collaboration graph for Incremental Model of Decision Making 9
4. Ga
age Can Model of Decision Making Process 9
List of Tables
1. Ethical decision making framework 10
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1. Introduction
Decision making is crucial process that requires the co
ect input to make analysis and then take
the decisions. In organizations top management are responsible to make the strategic decision
about the processes that are deployed or will be deployed in future. The decisions are core
equirements with all systems and sub systems which are running with the organizations. The
people involved in making the decisions time to time are expert in relevant assigned domain of
the systems and functions.
According to Simon Sinek, ‘There is no decision that would be made which would not come
with some sort of the balance or sacrifice.’.
It is fact that to make the decision, the decision makers are pre-defined with the functional role in
organizations. The opportunities can be expanded by decision makers involvement under the
organization. The involvement of more people under process of decision making provides the
outcome with informed decisions which addresses more general concerns.
Psychologically, decision making is a cognitive process which results selection of many
possibilities with alternatives ("The Decision‐Making Process", 2017). The process of decision
always provides the best option with course of action. The choice can have or have not prompt
action. The suitable alternative is being chosen by the process of decision making.
The decision making is the problem solving approach to get the satisfactory solution. Hence,
decision making is a process that is rational and depends upon the knowledge and tactic.
Analysis of various alternatives is the major part of decision making to evaluate and to find out
the good alternative. The analysis process ranks the alternative to get the best alternative by
prioritizing them.In some situation such as funds of project competing all criteria for decision
making are taken simultaneously to take effective decision. This also requires the Multiple
Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) by decision makers to take proper decision ("Decision-
making", 2017).
In the field of scientific systems the logical decision making method is appropriate that is being
taken by the specialist knowledge in respective area for making the informed decisions. For
example, making the decision in the area of medical system the reports of diagnostics etc are
taken by the doctors to define action to take further course with the patient.
In case of situation that has much ambiguities, there is need of heuristics analysis and intuitive
process of decision making. The structured decision making process is not suitable in this case.
Also, no alternatives are extracted to prioritize them to find out the best alternative to make
effective decision. The environment is also key player of decision making processes. The
cognitive aspects of the decision making process is being influenced. If the environment is too
complex then there are so many alternatives which required to be analyzed and prioritized to
employ in the process of decision making.
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2. Methods of Decision Making
There are so many methods to make the decision to enforce the work force to occur the events
with defied pathways. Patterson, Grenny, McMillan and Switzler specifies four common
methods for the making decisions (D., 2017). These four common methods for making decisions
are as detailed as follows.
2.1 Decision...