Knowledge questions 1. Briefly describe the techniques for conducting health assessment. 2. Nurses...

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Knowledge questions
1. Briefly describe the techniques for conducting health assessment.
2. Nurses must apply problem solving strategies and skills when performing clinical health assessments. Briefly discuss this with an example.
3. Explain in your own words the physical growth, cognitive development and motor development of infants XXXXXXXXXXmonths).
Physical growth of infants:
Cognitive development of infants:
Motor development of infants:
4. Explain in your own words the physical growth and psychosocial, cognitive and motor development of the toddler.
Physical growth of a toddler:
Psychosocial development of a toddler:
Cognitive development of a toddler:
Motor development of a toddler:
5. Explain in your own words the psychosocial, cognitive and motor development of the pre-schooler. Physical growth of a pre-school child:
Psychosocial development of a pre-school child:
Cognitive development of a pre-school child:
Motor development of a pre-school child:
6. Explain in your own words the psychosocial, cognitive and motor development of the school aged child. Physical growth of a school aged child:
Psychosocial development of a school aged child:
Cognitive development of a school aged child:
Motor development of a school aged child:
7. Briefly describe in your own words the impacts of the following:
• Influences of genetics on human development
• Influences of environment on human development
• Role of play in a child’s development
• Impact of hospitalisation on child and family
Influences of genetics on human development:
Influence of environment on human development:
Role of play in a child’s development:
Impact of hospitalisation on child and family:
8. Briefly describe in your own words the developmental stages of adulthood. Discuss three (3) major activities related to each developmental stage.
9. Briefly describe in your own words the developmental stages of adolescence.
10. Briefly describe the following in your own words.
• Common health issues for adolescents
• Family health care needs in general
• Gender-specific health care needs of people in general.
11. Briefly describe the stages of childhood from Trust vs. Mistrust to Identity vs. Role Confusion in your own words.
12. Briefly explain the variations in health needs and activities of daily living across the person’s lifespan.
13. Briefly explain in your own words how the wellness approach to health addresses the physiological and psychosocial aspects of health.
14. Briefly describe three (3) principles of health assessment.
15. Briefly describe the impact of infertility on people.
16. Identify and describe three (3) approaches to understanding human growth and development.
17. Briefly describe four (4) factors that promote and four (4) factors that impede comfort, rest and sleep for a person in a clinical setting.
18. Discuss four (4) purposes of hygiene and grooming.
19. Discuss five (5) recommended nursing interventions when providing care for a client with fluid and nutritional deficits.
20. When a person is admitted in a clinical setting, a nurse should conduct a range of assessments to identify risks associated with the following parameters or areas of concern. Discuss why it is important to identify risks associated with each of these when providing episodic care.
a. Age
. Anaesthesia
c. Surgery
d. Cognitive status
e. Deep vein thrombosis
f. Venous thromboembolism
g. Pulmonary embolism
h. Immobility
i. Length of stay
j. Mental health condition
k. Non-compliance
l. Nutritional status
m. Pain
n. Presence of mo
idity
21. Refer to ARC guidelines and industry recommendations on hospital emergency codes and summarise your findings on each of the following aspects underpinning basic life support and emergency codes. • Recommended depth of compression when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in adults and the rationale for it.
• What happens to an unconscious person’s upper airway during head tilt/chin lift intervention? • Examples of situations where you could cease providing CPR.
• Recommendation to avoid fatigue interfering with the delivery of adequate chest compressions when there are multiple rescuers.
• How will you prepare a client’s skin prior to AED pad placement?
• How will you ensure safety when using AED and administering shock?
• Discuss the use of MET call and Code Blue in a hospital. What is the expected response to MET call and Code Blue?
22. Briefly describe the application of maintaining a safe environment for patients in a healthcare environment.
23. Briefly describe appropriate strategies a nurse must implement in maintaining a safe environment as part of risk prevention for a patient with limited vision.
24. Briefly describe appropriate strategies a nurse must implement in establishing a safe bedside environment to prevent patient falls in a healthcare environment.
25. Refer to the falls prevention guidelines provided by SA Health and access the fall and injury risk assessment form from their website. Briefly describe when to use this form in a healthcare environment and discuss key considerations in completing a falls risk assessment.
26. Briefly describe appropriate strategies a nurse must implement in promoting active exercises for a patient in a healthcare setting.
Briefly describe appropriate strategies a nurse must implement in promoting passive exercises for a bedridden patient in a healthcare setting.
27. Briefly describe key considerations in promoting deep
eathing and coughing exercises for a patient in a healthcare setting.
28. Briefly describe appropriate strategies a nurse must implement in maintaining skin integrity of a bed ridden patient. Include in your response key considerations in providing pressure area care.
29. Define activities of daily living (ADL) and
iefly describe the five (5) basic categories of ADL.
30. Identify and
iefly describe a procedure used to assist with elimination needs of a patient.
31. Briefly describe two (2) incontinence aids or devices used in the clinical setting.
32. Briefly describe strategies a nurse could implement to ensure physical comfort of a patient.
33. It is common for most clients to experience sleep distu
ances when admitted in a clinical setting. Briefly describe strategies a nurse could implement to minimise sleep distu
ances of a patient.
34. Briefly describe key considerations when a nurse assists a person with each of the following aspects of oral hygiene:
• Brushing teeth
• Care of dentures
• Using alcohol-free mouthwash
• Interdental cleaning
35. Briefly describe key considerations when addressing the healthcare needs of a person with immobility.
36. Briefly describe four (4) pieces of information you must gather when assessing the respiratory status of a person and identifying any actual or potential problems.
37. Briefly describe the recommended nursing interventions when providing care for a client experiencing multi-system problems associated with circulation, including pain or discomfort with exercise, difficulty
eathing, palpitations and fatigue.
38. Briefly describe a nurse’s role in the assessment and management of a client’s pain.
39. When planning actual and potential nursing care for a client admitted in your clinical setting, it is important to consider the underlying medical conditions. Provide a rationale to support this statement with an example.
40. Provide two (2) examples of sensory deficits and identify personal aids and devices appropriate to manage the identified deficits.
41. Provide five (5) examples of cognitive deficits. Briefly describe three (3) strategies for managing clients with attention and memory difficulties.
42. Research and
iefly explain the admission and discharge planning processes that occur in a hospital setting. Outline documentation required when admitting and discharging a patient.
43. Briefly describe the key considerations when using various equipment for health assessment and data collection.
44. Briefly describe how you should assist a person to ambulate using a Zimmer Frame.
45. Identify the equipment or resources you should gather to perform each of the following clinical measurements and/or assessments. Include in your response one specific nursing consideration when performing each of these measurements and/or assessments.
• Blood glucose level:
• Blood pressure (manual method):
• Height, weight, body mass index:
• Pupil reaction:
• Neurological reflexes:
• Peripheral circulation:
• Assessment for eyesight within your scope of practice:
• Skin colour, integrity and turgor:
• Temperature, pulse, respirations:
• Urinalysis:
46. Briefly describe the key considerations when interpreting and analysing a person’s health-related information.
47. How can you determine the levels of consciousness of a person?
patient? When working in a hospital, how and when should you raise issues of concern about a person’s deterioration?
49. Briefly describe appropriate strategies a nurse should use when gathering information from a patient’s family or carer if the patient is unable to communicate.

knowledge-questions-a4mr04a2.docx

Dr. Saloni · Accepted Answer

Question Answers                                                                                                                                              1
Question and Answers
Answer 1
The techniques include- 
Inspection: Healthcare provider inspects the human body by utilizing hearing, smell, vision to assess deviations and normal conditions.
Palpation: It is a technique of feeling with hands or fingers using assessment, by means of touching and feeling.
Auscultation: Listening to the sounds of a body is an important part of this technique.
Percussion: It entails the body part’s tapping with any instruments, hands, and fingers (Curtis et al., 2020).
Answer 2
Nurses are expected to possess problem-solving skills while performing the health assessment. The ability to recognize important issues and develop or recognize strategies is central to problem-solving skills. For example, a patient who is 80 years old is suffering from Diabetes. The identification of his cause of disease as his age is a nursing problem-solving skill (Suikkala et al., 2020).
Answer 3
Physical growth of infants: In general, by the age of 5 months, their length increases by around 30 percent, and by the age of 12 months, it increases by over 50 percent.
Cognitive development of infants: Infants learn to concentrate their sight, stretch out, discover, and experience the world around them during this stage.
Motor development of infants: They learn to regulate their neck and head before controlling their arms, as well as infants learn to handle the arms before controlling the fingers (Lotfi et al., 2019).
Answer 4
Physical growth of a toddler: The progression and refining of motor abilities in toddlers are referred to as physical development.
Psychosocial development of a toddler: The toddler pushes the boundaries of what they can touch, speak, and discover.
Cognitive development of a toddler: Toddlers are most likely to assume that people understand what's happening in their minds. 
Motor development of a toddler: The physical strengthening and growth of a toddler's bone, muscle, and capacity to move and touch the nearby area (Yu et al., 2020). 
Answer 5
Physical growth of a pre-school child: Their trunks and legs continue to expand, and their heads become less disproportionately large compared to their body.
Psychosocial development of a pre-school child: They are capable of being self-sufficient in areas like self-regulation, feeding, toileting, and clothing during this period (Li et al., 2020).
Cognitive development of a pre-school child: At recreation, children are constantly solving problems, inventing, exploring, learning, and acquiring.
Motor development of a pre-school child: The brain areas that regulate motion continue to evolve as preschoolers' body develops, allowing them to accomplish fine-motor and gross-motor skills (Curtis et al., 2020).
Answer 6
Physical growth of a school-aged child: They typically gain 4 to 7 pounds every year and keep growing in height. 
Psychosocial development of a school-aged child: They actively seek out new relationships, as peer interactions become increasingly essential to them.
Cognitive development of a school-aged child: They can focus for longer periods of time on particular tasks, allowing them to think, grasp, and solve simple issues (Lotfi et al., 2019).
Motor development of a school-aged child: They possess strong and smooth motor abilities (Suikkala et al., 2020).
Answer 7
• Influences of genetics on human development: Significant growth genes influence human growth fundamentally, and mutations in these genes result in stunted growth (or overgrowth). 
• Influences of the environment on human development: Heavy metals exposures like lead causes IQ declines, endocrine disrupting substances cause puberty abnormalities, birth deformities, and fetal loss, among other influences on development (Lotfi et al., 2019).
• Role of play in a child’s development: Children's imaginations, physical, dexterity, emotional, and cognitive strength are all enhanced by play.
• Impact of hospitalization on child and family: It raises the risk of future complications. A few of the mental anguish may be attributed to the child's isolation from family members upon admission (Yu et al., 2020).
 
Answer 8
It entails three stages: early, middle, and late adulthood. Early adulthood commences in the early twenties/ late teens and lasts until the late forties; cardiac functioning, reaction time, and muscle strength are at their peak.  The term "middle adulthood" refers to the time period between the ages of 40 and 60; menopause, the decline in hearing, and vision are major activities. Late adulthood is defined as the span between the 1960s and death; diminished mobility, muscle strength, and slow reaction time are major activities (Li et al., 2020).
Answer 9
Adolescence, or the years between puberty and adulthood, can be grouped into 3 categories: early adolescence, which occurs between the ages of 11 and 14; middle adolescence, which occurs between the ages of 15 and 17; and late adolescence, which occurs between the ages of 18 and 21 (Li et al., 2020).
Answer 10
• Common health issues for adolescents: Common health issues at this stage include injuries, violence, mental health, HIV, and other infectious disorders due to their high-energy lifestyle. 
• Family health care needs in general: It understands that every family is distinctive.  The principles support an attitude that values families as equivalent and vital healthcare personnel.
• Gender-specific health care needs of people in general: It can then serve as a basis for gender-sensitive policy initiatives that consider both men's and women's needs (Curtis et al., 2020).
Answer 11
Trust vs Mistrust stage commences at birth as well as ends until the child is approximately eighteen months old, during which time it forms their worldview and general personality. The identity vs confusion stage commences between the ages of twelve and 18 years old during adolescence (Suikkala et al., 2020).
Answer 12
During infancy, infants need to be immunized to develop without diseases. They need mother’s milk to grow physically and build up their immune system. During adolescence, individuals perform high-energy plays and activities, so they need high-energy foods, as well as meditation and health education to be free from mental health disorders, alcohol, and drug use. During adulthood, adults need to have regular health check-ups and proper nutrition to live healthily and preserve bone and body strength. During late adulthood, elderly people tend to lose the ADLs such as walking, etc., so restorative, maintenance, preventative, and supportive services to live a healthy life (Lotfi et al., 2019). 
 
Answer 13
Both mental health and physical health are affected by this. While some individuals may have psychological issues, providing an environment that promotes emotional and mental well-being can resolve only the most significant issues. Individuals are helped to adapt to the functional impairment by acquiring or relearning the required skills for daily function. When re-skilling is never an alternative, the focus is on avoiding functional deficits and potential dependency that may arise as a result of pathological conditions (Li et al., 2020).
Answer 14
A timely and accurate health assessment serves as the foundation for nursing practice and interventions.
All documentation ought to be accurate, objective, comprehensive, concise, and up to date.

Knowledge questions 1. Briefly describe the techniques for conducting health assessment. 2. Nurses must apply problem solving strategies and skills when performing clinical health assessments. Briefly...

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