Crimes by State XXXXXXXXXX
Bureau of Justice Statistics
Filename: p17t04.csv
Table 4. Sentenced prisoners under the jurisdiction of state or federal co
ectional authorities, by sex, 2016 and 2017
Report title: Prisoners in 2017 NCJ 252156
Data source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Statistics, 2016 and 2017.
Authors: Jennifer Bronson, Ph.D., and E. Ann Carson, Ph.D., BJS Statisticians
Refer questions to: XXXXXXXXXX or XXXXXXXXXX
Date of version: 4/25/2019
Table 4. Sentenced prisoners under the jurisdiction of state or federal co
ectional authorities, by sex, 2016 and 2017
2016 2017 Percent change, 2016–2017
Jurisdiction Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Hypothesis Test
Alabama 27,799 25,593 2,206 23,724 21,968 1,756 -14.7 -14.2 -20.4 % Sample Mean
Alaska/c 2,089 1,982 107 1,905 1,828 77 -8.8 -7.8 -28 % Tail Type
Arizona 40,849 37,131 3,718 40,263 36,543 3,720 -1.4 -1.6 0.1 % Null Hypothesis
Arkansas 17,476 16,111 1,365 18,028 16,617 1,411 3.2 3.1 3.4 Alt Hypothesis
California/d 129,080 123,261 5,819 129,920 124,127 5,793 0.7 0.7 -0.4 Standard Score
Colorado 19,862 17,963 1,899 19,824 17,925 1,899 -0.2 -0.2 0 P-Value
Connecticut/c 10,365 9,804 561 9,626 9,142 484 -7.1 -6.8 -13.7 Conclusion?
Delaware/c 4,090 3,889 201 4,066 3,882 184 -0.6 -0.2 -8.5
Florida 99,974 93,111 6,863 98,504 91,779 6,725 -1.5 -1.4 -2 Confidence Interval
Georgia 53,064 49,324 3,740 53,094 49,315 3,779 0.1 0 1 z(α/2)
Hawaii/c 3,629 3,271 358 3,425 3,154 271 -5.6 -3.6 -24.3 EBM
Idaho 7,376 6,416 960 7,752 6,761 991 5.1 5.4 3.2 Lower Limit
Illinois 43,657 41,044 2,613 41,427 39,148 2,279 -5.1 -4.6 -12.8 Upper Limit
Indiana 25,530 23,325 2,205 26,001 23,587 2,414 1.8 1.1 9.5
Iowa 8,998 8,181 817 8,999 8,197 802 0 0.2 -1.8
Kansas 9,628 8,831 797 9,687 8,846 841 0.6 0.2 5.5
Kentucky 23,018 20,077 2,941 23,539 20,518 3,021 2.3 2.2 2.7
Louisiana 35,646 33,665 1,981 33,706 31,749 1,957 -5.4 -5.7 -1.2
Maine 1,828 1,675 153 1,795 1,643 152 -1.8 -1.9 -0.7
Maryland 19,821 19,010 811 19,232 18,399 833 -3 -3.2 2.7
Massachusetts 8,494 8,140 354 8,286 7,976 310 -2.4 -2 -12.4
Michigan 41,122 38,880 2,242 39,666 37,515 2,151 -3.5 -3.5 -4.1
Minnesota 10,592 9,818 774 10,708 9,974 734 1.1 1.6 -5.2
Mississippi 18,666 17,397 1,269 18,471 17,184 1,287 -1 -1.2 1.4
Missouri 32,461 29,124 3,337 32,592 29,197 3,395 0.4 0.3 1.7
Montana 3,814 3,405 409 3,698 3,282 416 -3 -3.6 1.7
Ne
aska 5,235 4,825 410 5,257 4,837 420 0.4 0.2 2.4
Nevada 13,637 12,403 1,234 13,671 12,405 1,266 0.2 0 2.6
New Hampshire 2,818 2,591 227 2,750 2,524 226 -2.4 -2.6 -0.4
New Jersey 19,786 18,952 834 19,585 18,811 774 -1 -0.7 -7.2
New Mexico/e 6,972 6,276 696 7,189 6,422 767 -3.1 -2.3 -10.2
New York 50,620 48,356 2,264 49,360 47,103 2,257 -2.5 -2.6 -0.3
North Carolina 34,596 32,085 2,511 35,283 32,649 2,634 2 1.8 4.9
North Dakota/e,f 1,779 1,568 211 1,711 1,514 197 3.8 3.4 6.6
Ohio 52,175 47,581 4,594 51,478 47,052 4,426 -1.3 -1.1 -3.7
Oklahoma/d 29,531 26,145 3,386 27,729 24,615 3,114 -6.1 -5.9 -8
Oregon/d 15,150 13,846 1,304 15,200 13,877 1,323 0.3 0.2 1.5
Pennsylvania 49,000 46,188 2,812 48,074 45,281 2,793 -1.9 -2 -0.7
Rhode Island/c 2,030 1,962 68 1,808 1,739 69 -10.9 -11.4 1.5
South Carolina 20,371 18,981 1,390 19,541 18,233 1,308 -4.1 -3.9 -5.9
South Dakota 3,820 3,323 497 3,959 3,424 535 3.6 3 7.6
Tennessee 28,203 25,481 2,722 28,980 25,969 3,011 2.8 1.9 10.6
Texas 157,903 144,928 12,975 157,584 144,750 12,834 -0.2 -0.1 -1.1
Utah/d 6,171 5,765 406 6,437 5,945 492 4.3 3.1 21.2
Vermont/c 1,229 1,146 83 1,126 1,021 105 -8.4 -10.9 26.5
Virginia 37,813 34,704 3,109 37,158 34,004 3,154 -1.7 -2 1.4
Washington 19,019 17,377 1,642 19,540 17,811 1,729 2.7 2.5 5.3
West Virginia 7,162 6,286 876 7,092 6,274 818 -1 -0.2 -6.6
Wisconsin 22,144 20,734 1,410 22,682 21,147 1,535 2.4 2 8.9
Wyoming 2,374 2,088 286 2,473 2,181 292 4.2 4.5 2.1
Note: Jurisdiction refers to the legal authority of state or federal co
ectional officials over a prisoner, regardless of where the prisoner is held. Counts are for December 31 of each year and are based on prisoners with a sentence of more than one year.
:Not calculated.
a/Includes prisoners held in non-secure, privately operated community co
ections facilities and juveniles held in contract facilities.
Total and state estimates for 2016 include imputed counts for North Dakota, which did not submit 2016 National Prisoner Statistics (NPS) data. Total and state estimates for 2017 include imputed counts for New Mexico and North Dakota, which did not submit 2017 NPS data. See Methodology.
c/Prisons and jails form one integrated system. Data include total jail and prison populations.
d/State submitted updated 2016 sentenced population counts.
e/State did not submit 2017 NPS data. Counts were imputed for 2017 and should not be compared to 2016 counts. See Methodology.
f/State did not submit 2016 NPS data. Counts were imputed for 2016 and should not be compared to 2017 counts. See Methodology.
Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Statistics, 2016 and 2017.
Gender Perception in Workforce
Occupation bls_proportion_women image_search_proportion_women Difference Hypothesis Test
singer 0.377 0.617 -0.24 Sample Proportion
mechanic 0.024 0.242 -0.218 Tail Type
aircraft pilot 0.062 0.271 -0.209 Null Hypothesis
maintenance worker 0.045 0.226 -0.181 Alt Hypothesis
computer support specialist 0.271 0.442 -0.171 Standard Score
electrical engineer 0.123 0.271 -0.148 P-Value
chemical engineer 0.169 0.31 -0.141 Conclusion?
judge 0.281 0.415 -0.134
railroad conductor 0.052 0.179 -0.127
computer programmer 0.212 0.338 -0.126
chemical technician 0.274 0.395 -0.121
electrician 0.025 0.129 -0.104
police 0.136 0.237 -0.101
paramedic 0.306 0.4 -0.094
model 0.784 0.875 -0.091
clergy 0.17 0.258 -0.088
truck driver 0.062 0.148 -0.086
construction manager 0.074 0.153 -0.079
physician 0.4 0.478 -0.078
radio operator 0.144 0.216 -0.072
plumber 0.022 0.091 -0.069
emergency medical technician 0.306 0.373 -0.067
cook 0.393 0.456 -0.063
retail buyer 0.558 0.62 -0.062
machinist 0.05 0.111 -0.061
dispatcher 0.574 0.634 -0.06
mechanical engineer 0.092 0.152 -0.06
distribution manager 0.192 0.25 -0.058
shipping clerk 0.313 0.368 -0.055
construction inspector 0.102 0.155 -0.053
laborer 0.199 0.25 -0.051
chemist 0.383 0.433 -0.05
mail clerk 0.368 0.418 -0.05
magistrate 0.281 0.33 -0.049
flight attendant 0.729 0.774 -0.045
concierge 0.311 0.345 -0.034
building inspector 0.102 0.132 -0.03
chef 0.197 0.225 -0.028
farmer 0.252 0.28 -0.028
network administrator 0.235 0.259 -0.024
athlete 0.364 0.379 -0.015
head cook 0.197 0.211 -0.014
stock clerk 0.379 0.382 -0.003
computer systems analyst 0.389 0.391 -0.002
pharmacist 0.575 0.575 0
lifeguard 0.496 0.492 0.004
customer service representative 0.651 0.641 0.01
veterinarian 0.625 0.613 0.012
artist 0.519 0.507 0.012
industrial engineer 0.226 0.184 0.042
engineering technician 0.2 0.147 0.053
inspector 0.379 0.324 0.055
property manager 0.486 0.43 0.056
co
ectional officer 0.285 0.229 0.056
real estate sales agent 0.571 0.509 0.062
li
ary assistant 0.801 0.737 0.064
food service manager 0.463 0.398 0.065
archivist 0.614 0.548 0.066
bellhops 0.311 0.241 0.07
butcher 0.243 0.167 0.076
film director 0.298 0.221 0.077
musician 0.377 0.293 0.084
security guard 0.243 0.151 0.092
dietitian 0.941 0.846 0.095
restaurant hostess 0.859 0.759 0.1
receptionist 0.91 0.808 0.102
bailiff 0.285 0.181 0.104
jailer 0.285 0.179 0.106
real estate manager 0.486 0.376 0.11
announcer 0.231 0.119 0.112
cashier 0.727 0.607 0.12
reporter 0.553 0.43 0.123
janitor 0.352 0.229 0.123
marketing specialist 0.608 0.478 0.13
municipal clerk 0.752 0.617 0.135
li
arian 0.795 0.655 0.14
bus driver 0.478 0.336 0.142
physician assistant 0.709 0.564 0.145
telemarketer 0.694 0.547 0.147
nutritionist 0.941 0.79 0.151
veterinary assistant 0.842 0.691 0.151
medical scientist 0.521 0.366 0.155
chief executive 0.28 0.102 0.178
travel agent 0.827 0.639 0.188
general manager 0.341 0.151 0.19
secretary 0.95 0.743 0.207
probation officer 0.635 0.427 0.208
co
espondent 0.553 0.342 0.211
legal assistant 0.863 0.643 0.22
health information technician 0.917 0.696 0.221
licensed practical nurse 0.895 0.667 0.228
clinical laboratory technician 0.693 0.458 0.235
administrative assistant 0.95 0.708 0.242
tax collector 0.584 0.319 0.265
file clerk 0.814 0.547 0.267
paralegal 0.863 0.589 0.274
nurse practitioner 0.922 0.64 0.282
bartender 0.573 0.286 0.287
office clerk 0.831 0.539 0.292
restaurant host 0.859 0.546 0.313
news analyst 0.553 0.234 0.319
claims adjuster 0.617 0.284 0.333
medical records technician 0.917 0.568 0.349
interviewer 0.85 0.5 0.35
bill collector 0.713 0.195 0.518
ls_proportion_women: the true proportion of women who work in an occupation
image_search_proportion_women: the proportion of women who appeared in image searches for each occupation.
Survey Key
original short
I enjoy listening to music. Music
I prefer. Slow songs or fast songs
Dance, Disco, Funk Dance
Folk music Folk
Country Country
Classical Classical music
Musicals Musical
Pop Pop
Rock Rock
Metal, Hard rock Metal or Hardrock
Punk Punk
Hip hop, Rap Hiphop, Rap
Reggae, Ska Reggae, Ska
Swing, Jazz Swing, Jazz
Rock n Roll Rock n roll
Alternative music Alternative
Latin Latino
Techno, Trance Techno, Trance
Opera Opera
I really enjoy watching movies. Movies
Ho
or movies Ho
o
Thriller movies Thrille
Comedies Comedy
Romantic movies Romantic
Sci-fi movies Sci-fi
War movies Wa
Tales Fantasy/Fairy tales
Cartoons Animated
Documentaries Documentary
Western movies Western
Action movies Action
History History
Psychology Psychology
Politics Politics
Mathematics Mathematics
Physics Physics
Internet Internet
PC Software, Hardware PC
Economy, Management Economy Management
Biology Biology
Chemistry Chemistry
Poetry reading Reading
Geography Geography
Foreign languages Foreign languages
Medicine Medicine
Law Law
Cars Cars
Art Art exhibitions
Religion Religion
Outdoor activities Countryside, outdoors
Dancing Dancing
Playing musical instruments Musical instruments
Poetry writing Writing
Sport and leisure activities Passive sport
Sport at competitive level Active sport
Gardening Gardening
Cele
ity lifestyle Cele
ities
Shopping Shopping
Science and technology Science and technology
Theatre Theatre
Socializing Fun with friends
Adrenaline sports Adrenaline sports
Pets Pets
Flying Flying
Thunder, lightning Storm
Darkness Darkness
Heights Heights
Spiders Spiders
Snakes Snakes
Rats, mice Rats
Ageing Ageing
Dangerous dogs Dangerous dogs
Public speaking Fear of public speaking
Smoking habits Smoking
Drinking Alcohol
I live a very healthy lifestyle. Healthy eating
I take notice of what goes on around me. Daily events
I try to do tasks as soon as possible and not leave them until last minute. Prioritising workload
I always make a list so I don't forget anything. Writing notes
I often study or work even in my spare time. Workaholism
I look at things from all different angles before I go ahead. Thinking ahead
I believe that bad people will suffer one day and good people will be rewarded. Final judgement
I am reliable at work and always complete all tasks given to me. Reliability
I always keep my promises. Keeping promises
I can fall for someone very quickly and then completely lose interest. Loss of interest
I would rather have lots of friends than lots of money. Friends versus money
I always try to be the funniest one. Funniness
I can be two faced sometimes. Fake
I damaged things in the past when angry. Criminal damage
I take my time to make decisions. Decision making
I always try to vote in elections. Elections
I often think about and regret the decisions I make. Self-criticism
I can tell if people listen to me or not when I talk to them. Judgment calls
I am a hypochondriac. Hypochondria
I am emphatetic person. Empathy
I eat because I have to. I don't enjoy food and eat as fast as I can. Eating to survive
I try to give as much as I can to other people at Christmas. Giving
I don't like seeing animals suffering. Compassion to animals
I look after things I have bo
owed from others. Bo
owed stuff
I feel lonely in life. Loneliness
I used to cheat at school. Cheating in school
I wo
y about my health. Health
I wish I could change the past because of the things I have done. Changing the past
I believe in God. God
I always have good dreams. Dreams
I always give to charity. Charity
I have lots of friends. Number of friends
Timekeeping. Punctuality
Do you lie to others? Lying
I am very patient. Waiting
I can quickly adapt to a new environment. New environment
My moods change quickly. Mood swings
I am well mannered and I look after my appearance. Appearence and gestures
I enjoy meeting new people. Socializing
I always let other people know about my achievements. Achievements
I think carefully before answering any important letters. Responding to a serious lette
I enjoy childrens' company. Children
I am not afraid to give my opinion if I feel strongly about something. Assertiveness
I can get angry very easily. Getting angry
I always make sure I connect with the right people. Knowing the right people
I have to be well prepared before public speaking. Public speaking
I will find a fault in myself if people don't like me. Unpopularity
I cry when I feel down or things don't go the right way. Life struggles
I am 100% happy with my life. Happiness in life
I am always full of life and energy. Energy levels
I prefer big dangerous dogs