Topic is
Coronary heart disease affecting Australian mens and womens aged between 40 to 60 year between XXXXXXXXXX
Q:- I need a Available Interventions related information needed for power point presentation
· Lists, of preventive strategies Coronary heart disease (With reference)
· interventions, identifies the levels of prevention (e.g. health promotion, primary, secondary or tertiary prevention (4 points of each level of prevention)
· List of Recommendations and conclusions
Accessibility at UC
Case Study /Question
Coronary heart disease affecting Australian mens and womens aged between 40 to 60 year between XXXXXXXXXX
1
Reason for choosing the topic
No. 1 killer of men and women in the Australia.
Least understood, least researched, and least discussed chronic diseases.
Educate people knowledge to protect their hearts.
Heart disease is the No. 1 killer of men and women in the Austrlia. It also is among the least understood, least researched, and least discussed chronic diseases.
Heart disease is the leading cause of death of Australians. In 2018, an average of 2 people died of CHD each hour. This equates to 48 Australians dying every single day.
- Our goal is to educate people about what they can (and can’t) do to protect their hearts, and why heart disease prevention and care should be at the forefront of their health goals.
2
What is Coronary heart disease
“Coronary heart disease (CHD) or coronary artery disease occurs when a coronary artery clogs and na
ows because of a buildup of plaque. ” (1)
1:- https:
www.heartfoundation.org.au/conditions/coronary-heart-disease
3
Who is affected
How common is coronary heart disease?
In 2017–18, an estimated 580,000 Australians aged 18 and over (2.8% of the adult population) had CHD, based on self-reported estimates from the Australian Bureau of Statistics 2017–18 National Health Survey. The prevalence of CHD increases rapidly with age, affecting around 1 in 7 adults (14%) aged 75 and over (ABS 2019a).
In 2017, an estimated 61,800 people aged 25 and over had an acute coronary event in the form of a heart attack or unstable angina—around 169 events every day. This estimate is based on the number of hospitalisations for acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) or unstable angina, and the number of deaths due to acute coronary heart disease (AIHW 2019c, 2019d).
https:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports/australias-health/coronary-heart-disease
4
Who is affected
CHD Death among people by age and sex
In 2018, CHD was the leading single cause of death in Australia, accounting for 17,500 deaths as the underlying cause of death. This represents 11% of all deaths, and 42% of cardiovascular deaths. Forty-two per cent (7,300) of CHD deaths resulted from a heart attack (AIHW 2019d).
Overall, the CHD death rate has fallen 82% since 1980, or 4.2% a year. While CHD death rates fell substantially in each age group, the rate of decline was more rapid for those aged 75 and over than for younger age groups (Figure 1). The decline in CHD death rates has been attributed to a combination of factors, including reductions in risk factor levels, better treatment and care, and improved secondary prevention (ABS 2018).
5
Burden of disease
Best measure of the impact of different diseases or injuries on a population.
Causes of burden differed depending on age.
Australians lost 4.8 million years of healthy life (DALY) due to illness or premature death.
Half of this burden was non-fatal (50%).
Males experienced more burden, losing around 289,000 more years of healthy life in 2015 than females.
https:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports/australias-health
urden-of-disease
Burden of disease is a measure of the years of healthy life lost from living with, or dying from disease and injury.
In 2015, Australians lost 4.8 million years of healthy life (DALY) due to illness or premature death. This is equivalent to 199 DALY per 1,000 population.
Half of this burden was non-fatal (50%); that is, from living with the impacts of disease and injury. Males experienced more burden, losing around 289,000 more years of healthy life in 2015 than females.
6
Burden of disease
https:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports/australias-health
urden-of-disease
Coronary heart disease was the leading cause of burden in adults aged 45–64, and Australians aged 65 and over.
7
The issue / question
Stated clearly and includes person, time and disease/health issue
Causal factors or risk factors)
There is no single cause for coronary heart disease. There are controllable and non-controllable risk factors that can increase your chance of developing it.
Unhealthy eating
Being physically inactive
Being overweight or obese
Smoking – either being a smoker or inhaling other people’s smoke (passive smoking)
Diabetes
High blood pressure
High cholesterol
Lack of good social support.
https:
www.heartfoundation.org.au/conditions/coronary-heart-disease
https:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports/australias-health/coronary-heart-disease
9
Smoking
In 2015 Tobacco use was responsible for over 14% of the disease burden due to coronary heart diseases.
Most of the tobacco use attributable burden was experienced in both males and females aged 45 and over..
The 2019 NDSHS found that people in their 40s and 50s had the highest daily smoking proportions (15.8% and 15.9% respectively).
The greatest difference between the sexes was among 40–49 year olds, with more men (18.4%) smoking daily than women (13.4%) in 2019 (AIHW 2020a)
https:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports/australias-health/tobacco-smoking
10
High Blood Pressure
The Silent Killer also known as hypertension.
Age- and Sex-Specific Population in 2017
Male (40– XXXXXXXXXX%
XXXXXXXXXX 33.2%
XXXXXXXXXX 40.8%
XXXXXXXXXX 48.0%
Female (40– XXXXXXXXXX%
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX%
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX%
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX%
https:
www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA XXXXXXXXXX
https:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports
isk-factors/high-blood-pressure/contents/high-blood-pressure
https:
www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA XXXXXXXXXX
High blood pressure—also known as hypertension—is a major risk factor for chronic conditions including stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure and chronic kidney disease
11
Unhealthy Cholesterol Level
Cholesterol is a type of fat that circulates in the blood.
3% of the disease burden in Australia was due to high cholesterol in 2015.
High cholesterol contributed 37% of coronary heart disease burden and 15% stroke burden.
High cholesterol increased with age.
Between ages 25–64 years, males experienced almost 3 times as much disease burden due to high cholesterol compared with females.
https:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports
urden-of-disease/interactive-data-risk-factor-burden/contents/high-cholesterol
Burden due to high cholesterol was estimated in people aged 25 and over. Burden due to high cholesterol increased with age, peaking at age 65–84 years. Between ages 25–64 years, males experienced almost 3 times as much disease burden due to high cholesterol compared with females.
In both males and females, the most burden due to high cholesterol was from coronary heart disease.
12
Physical Inactivity
In 2015, physical inactivity accounted for 2.5% of the disease burden in Australia.
Physical inactivity was responsible 12% of coronary heart disease burden.
In males aged 45–84 years, the most burden due to physical inactivity was from coronary heart disease.
Among females aged 65 and over, the most burden due to physical inactivity was from coronary heart disease
https:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports
urden-of-disease/interactive-data-risk-factor-burden/contents/physical-inactivity
In males aged 45–84 years, the most burden due to physical inactivity was from coronary heart disease. Among males aged 85 and over, the most burden due to physical inactivity was from dementia.
By comparison, in females aged 35–64 years, the most burden due to physical inactivity was from
east cancer. Among females aged 65 and over, the most burden due to physical inactivity was from coronary heart disease and dementia.
13
Obesity / Overweight
In 2015, 8.4% of the disease burden in Australia was due to overweight and obesity.
25% of the coronary heart disease burden.
In males aged 35–84 years, the most burden due to overweight & obesity was from coronary heart disease.
In females aged 45–84 years was from osteoarthritis
httpshttps:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports
urden-of-disease/interactive-data-risk-factor-burden/contents/overweight-and-obesity
In 2015, 8.4% of the disease burden in Australia was due to overweight and obesity, making it the second leading risk factor contributing to disease burden after tobacco use.
In males aged 35–84 years, the most burden due to overweight & obesity was from coronary heart disease. By comparison, the most burden due to overweight & obesity in females aged 45–84 years was from osteoarthritis.
14
Diabetes
In 2015, 4.7% of the disease burden in Australia was due to high blood plasma glucose.
7% of coronary heart disease burden.
Between ages 35 and 84 years, males experience 20–70% more burden due to high blood pressure than females.
https:
www.aihw.gov.au
eports
urden-of-disease/interactive-data-risk-factor-burden/contents/high-blood-plasma-glucose
In 2015, 4.7% of the disease burden in Australia was due to high blood plasma glucose (including intermediate hyperglycaemia and diabetes). High blood plasma glucose was the 5th leading risk factor that contributed to disease burden.
15
Primary prevention of coronary heart disease
16
Secondary prevention of coronary heart disease
17
Tertiary prevention of coronary heart disease
18
Topic is
Coronary heart disease affecting Australian mens and womens aged between 40 to 60 year between XXXXXXXXXX
Q:- I need a Available Interventions related information needed for power point presentation
· Lists, of preventive strategies Coronary heart disease (With reference)
· interventions, identifies the levels of prevention (e.g. health promotion, primary, secondary or tertiary prevention (4 points of each level of prevention)
· List of Recommendations and conclusions