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I need to done the assignment of epidemiology

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I need to done the assignment of epidemiology
Answered Same Day Oct 02, 2020

Solution

Arun answered on Oct 03 2020
155 Votes
Depression As A Risk Factor For Ischaemic Heart Disease In Men: Population Based Case-Control Study.
What is the main research question of the study?
The main research question of the study is to determine a relation between anxiety, depression and use of antidepressants and ischaemic heart disease onset.
In your own words, summarise the key findings of this study
The findings suggest that the risk of ischaemic heart disease is three times higher amongst men then the women. It is also founded that men had depression faced this heart disease more. It was found that diabetes, smoking status, underprivileged area and hypertension contributed to this disease. It was found that men having ischaemic heart disease were at higher risks than those men without this disease. The conclusive findings is that depression can be an independent risk factor causing ischaemic heart disease for men but this does not become a risk factor for women.
What is the source population of this study?
The source population of the study is located on the borders of Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire. The source population consisted of 5632 patients.
Describe how the cases were defined and selected in this study
The cases were sourced from a practice computer. The respondents who were selected had either a recorded diagnosis of Ischaemic heart disease such as those having myocardial infarction, angina, and coronary artery surgery or those receiving the repetitive prescriptions of nitrates. The selection was based on the diagnosis, the onset of disease, illness presentation and results of diagnostic investigations.
Describe the process of how the controls were selected for this study
There are 299 matched case control sets required showing relative risk of onset of depression before the ischaemic heart disease onsets. The insufficiency of patients aged over 80 to match the two controls per case caused to allocate between one and four age matched as well as sex matched controls. There are four controls to each case are created under the 60 years people. There are three controls to each case aged between 60-69. There are two controls to each case that is aged between 70-79. One control is applied to each case aged over 80. The controls selection was based on an alphabetical list of patients.
Based on what you know about selecting controls, do you believe that the controls selected in this study are appropriate? Please justify
The controls applied are feasible because it has two main controls applied. First is based on men and women control, as the study divides males and females to identify the onset of ischaemic heart disease intensity between men and women. The second control applied is males having ischaemic heart disease against those males not having ischaemic heart disease. The similar controls are applied to judge the intensity of ischaemic disease. The controls applied are not random and the potential selection bias (Agudo & Gonzales, 1999) does not take place in selection of candidates in given case study.
What type of bias may have affected the selection of cases in this study? Please justify
The case study has collected large numbers of respondents from a general practice data base that is validated regularly but it can be possible that minor limitation in the collected data may cause biasness in the findings. The researchers believe that the patients are not different from any other practice population but they do not strong support to this logic. Therefore, it can be said that the data collection may be biased and this may have resulted in biased results for the study.
How the exposure of was interested measured/defined in participants?
The multivariate and univariate associations of deprivation score, body mass index, anxiety, depression, diabetes, use of antidepressants, hypertension and smoking were determined in the participants. The multivariate models comprise the hypertension, smoking status, diabetes and deprivation score. The body mass index did not take place in the final model due to the missing data points.
What types of bias, typically impacting case-control studies, were avoided by classifying the exposure and outcome data based on medical records?
The types of biases are...
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