install, configure, operate and troubleshoot medium size network-subject/Lesson_0 Lecture install operate.pdf
ITNE2003 1Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 0
Copyright © XXXXXXXXXX, Victorian Institute of Technology.
The contents contained in this document may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, without the written permission of VIT,
other than for the purpose for which it has been supplied. VIT and its logo are trademarks of Victorian Institute of Technology.
Install, Configure, Operate and Troubleshoot
Medium-Size Networks
Lesson 0: Introduction
ITNE2003 2Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 0
Unit guide - Content
• What you will learn in this unit?
– Fundamentals concepts of internetworking
• Network types, topologies, protocols and communication models.
– Configure small to medium size IP-based networks using Cisco
industrial standard networking devices
• Configure switched local area networks
• Configure static and dynamic routing
• Configure access control lists
• Configure network address translation
• Configure LAN-WAN integration
– Troubleshoot common networking issues
ITNE2003 3Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 0
Unit guide - Assessment
• 01 Assignment (20%)
– Network design assignment
• 01 Tutorial exercise (10%)
– Mid semester in class test (multiple choice questions)
• 10 Practical Labs (20%)
– Overall performance will be assessed over 10 labs
• Lab attendance 10%
• Lab work 10%
• 01 Written Exam (50%)
– Multiple choice and short answer questions
– Both theoretical and practical knowledge will be tested
ITNE2003 4Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 0
Unit guide - Textbook
• Textbook for this unit
ITNE2003 5Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 0
Unit guide - Supplementary
• Cisco network simulation tool Packet Tracer 6.2
• Online resource
– https:
learningnetwork.cisco.com/welcome
– http:
www.freeccnastudyguide.com
– Etc.
https:
learningnetwork.cisco.com/welcome
http:
www.freeccnastudyguide.com
ITNE2003 6Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 0
Weekly Schedule
• Week 1: Components of Computer Networks
– La
tutorial: network device familiarization
• Week 2: Numbering Systems
– La
tutorial: convert between numbering systems
• Week 3: Network Addressing
– La
tutorial: IPv4 and IPv6
• Week 4: Local Area Networks
– La
tutorial: simulate LAN with Cisco packet trace
• Week 5: Beyond LAN: Internetwork communication
– La
tutorial: internetwork communication with static routing
• Week 6: Internetwork communication with dynamic routing (1)
– La
tutorial: internetwork communication with RIP
ITNE2003 7Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 0
Weekly Schedule
• Week 7: Internetwork communication with dynamic routing (2)
– La
tutorial: internetwork communication with OSPF
• Week 9: VLAN and Inter-VLAN routing
– VLAN and InterVLAN routing
• Week 10: Design medium size network with VLSM
– Tutorial/lab: design subnetting
• Week 11: Access Control List, NAT and Firewall
– Tutorial/lab: Configure ACLs and NAT
• Week 12: Revision
ITNE2003 8Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 0
Time and Room Allocation
• Class Time
• Fridays 8:00 PM – 12:00 PM
• Location
• Level 6, room 3, 235 Queen street
• Lecturers
• Arash Fereidouni ( XXXXXXXXXX)
• Participation is important!
– You will be asked to submit your tutorial/laboratory work by end of
the class
mailto: XXXXXXXXXX
install, configure, operate and troubleshoot medium size network-subject/Lesson_1 Lecture.pdf
ITNE2003 1Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Copyright © XXXXXXXXXX, Victorian Institute of Technology.
The contents contained in this document may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, without the written permission of VIT,
other than for the purpose for which it has been supplied. VIT and its logo are trademarks of Victorian Institute of Technology.
Install, Configure, Operate and Troubleshoot
Medium-Size Networks
Lesson 1: Components of Computer Networks
ITNE2003 2Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Lecture Outline
• Major components of computer networks
– Computing devices
– Networking devices
– Link technologies
– Protocols
• Computer network classification
– Local area networks
– Metropolitan area networks
– Wide area networks
– Physical and logical networks
• Network communication models
ITNE2003 3Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Components of Computer Networks
• A computer network is a set of computing and networking
devices interconnected by link technologies and governed
y network protocols.
– Computing devices are computers and mobile devices with their
software.
• PCs, Servers, Mobile Phones are computing devices
– Networking devices communication and supporting services to the
computing devices.
• Routers, switches, firewalls are networking devices
ITNE2003 4Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Components of Computer Networks
– Link technologies physically link the computing and networking
devices together to create a network.
• Ethernet, WIFI, fiber optic links are link technologies
– Network protocols are set of rules, procedures and standards that
specify and control the network activities
HTTP, TCP, IP are protocols
ITNE2003 5Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Sample of a Computer Network
TCP/IP
Ethernet
Wifi Fiber Optic Link
ITNE2003 6Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Computing Devices
• Computing devices e.g. PCs, Servers, Mobile devices
participate play the role of end-nodes in computer
networking.
• End nodes provide interfaces to network users through
application programs e.g. web
owsers.
• End nodes interface with a network through a networking
device called Network Interface Card (NIC).
• A computing device can participate in more than one
network at a time and represent multiple end nodes in a
network.
– A computing device is identified in a network by its network interface
cards.
ITNE2003 7Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Networking Devices
• Networking devices are grouped into two major categories
– Devices that provide networking services i.e. switching, routing,
sending and receiving data.
• Switches, routers and network interface cards (NICs)
– Devices that provide supporting services i.e. monitoring,
management and security.
• Network analyzer, network management stations, network
intrusion detection, network intrusion prevention and firewall
devices
• Note that the term device here refers to a logical device. In practice, a
physical device may provide for example networking, management and
security services.
ITNE2003 8Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Samples of Network Devices
Routers and switches
Firewalls
NICs
Wireless NIC
ITNE2003 9Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Link Technologies
• Most popular link technologies found in today’s computer
networking include
– Ethernet: founded in 1980s and is the primary link technology used
in local computer networks
• Link bandwidth: 10Mbps ~ 400Gbps
– Wifi: first commercialized in 2000 and has become the primary link
technology used in home networks
• Link bandwidth: 1Mbps ~ 1Gbps
– ADSL: point-to-point link technology over telephone line
• Link bandwidth: 1 ~ 30Mbps
– Fiber optic link: point-to-point link technology over fiber optic cables
• Link bandwidth: 10Mbps ~ 40Gbps
ITNE2003 10Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Ethernet Technology
• Ethernet allows computing devices to share a transmission
medium
• Ethernet provides CSMA/CD protocol to access a shared
medium
• Ethernet links network devices using
– Coaxial cables, twisted pair copper cables and fiber optic cables.
Ethernet cabling is specified by a set of IEEE standards
• Ethernet has evolved to two sub-technologies
– Fast-Ethernet (base bandwidth 100Mbps)
– Gigabit-Ethernet (base bandwidth 1000Mbps)
ITNE2003 11Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Ethernet Cabling Standards
SC Ports
RG45
ITNE2003 12Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Wi-Fi Technology
• WiFi or Wireless Ethernet allows computing devices to
share a wireless communication channel
• WiFi devices use CSMA/CA protocol to access the shared
channel
• WiFi devices transmit and receives data at two major
frequency ranges 2.4GHz and 5GHz.
• WiFi technology is specified by a series of IEEE standards
e.g. 802.11a,b,g,n and ac
• The most common WiFi devices are now 802.11n devices
while newer devices use 802.11ac
– 802.11ac devices can have a throughput up to 1Gbps
ITNE2003 13Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Wi-Fi Specifications
802.11ac w. route
802.11n APs
ITNE2003 14Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
ADSL Technology
• ADSL – Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line – provides a
digital link over an existing telephone line.
• ADSL work using the same principle of a MODEM
• ADSL has maximal throughput of 30Mbps but quickly
decreases as the distance increases
ITNE2003 15Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Fiber Optic Link
• Fiber Optic Link: a point-to-point link technology that transmits
signal using light (laser) over fiber optic cables.
– Multi-mode fiber link:
• Used for communication over short distances
• Typical multi-mode links have data rates of 10 Mbit/s to 10 Gbit/s
over link lengths of up to 600 meters (2000 feet).
– Single-mode fiber link:
• Used for communication over longer distances 50km or more
• Typical single-mode links have data rates of 10-40Gbps
ITNE2003 16Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Network Protocols
• Network protocols are sets of rules that network entities e.g.
computers and network devices both hardware and software
must follow in order to communicate over network.
– Example protocols are CSMA/CD, IP and TCP.
• Network protocols define steps and procedures that govern
the communication process such as connection
establishment, connection parameters, reliable data
transfer, e
or co
ection and connection termination.
• Two major network protocol groups
– End-to-end communication protocols e.g. CSMA/CD, IP, TCP, UDP,
HTTP, SMTP, FTP
– Routing protocols e.g. ARP, RIP, OSPF, IGRP and BGP
ITNE2003 17Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Sample Protocols
• Internet Protocol or IP specifies how to address a device in a
network (IP addressing scheme), and how to structure a
packet so it can move from a source to a destination.
• Transmission Control Protocol or TCP specifies how to
establish and maintain a reliable communication between two
end nodes in a network.
– Connection establishment and termination
– Flow control (pace and order)
– E
or detection and co
ection
• Routing Information Protocol (RIP) finds and maintains the
shortest path to move data across networks from a source to a
destination
• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) manages
network device configuration and status.
ITNE2003 18Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
IPv4 Protocol’s Header Structure
ITNE2003 19Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
TCP Connection Establishment
ITNE2003 20Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Routing Information Protocol
A B C
A knows B but not C B knows A and C C knows B but not A
Oh I know C via B B knows A and C Oh I know A via B
ITNE2003 21Copyright © 2018 VIT, All Rights ReservedLesson 1
Basic Network Characteristics
• Network topologies
– How network nodes are interconnected
• Throughput
– The amount of data sent in a unit of time. Often measured in bps i.e. bit per
second. Example, 1Mbps – 1000000bps
• Bandwidth
– Theoretical throughput i.e