NUR121 Supplementary Assessment: Essay (1500 words)
Criteria
PS
FL
Understanding of primary health care and health promotion principles
The essay has a logical and clear structure that discusses primary health care and health promotion principles related to the health promotion program.
The discussion about primary health care and health promotion principles is analytical and demonstrates clear understanding of the core concepts.
There is a lack of logical or reasoned discussion about primary health care and health promotion principles.
Discussion and analysis of the health promotion program in terms of primary health care and health promotion
The health promotion program is described and its objectives are clearly stated. The discussion and analysis of the core concepts related to the program is reasoned and rational. The activities included in the health promotion program were explored in-depth in relation to how primary health care is delivered and health promotion is achieved. All analysis of the program was supported by scholarly references.
The description of the program was lacking evidence of comprehensive understanding of its objectives. The essay shows a lack of analysis of the core concepts.
However, the health promotion program was mentioned.
Understanding of health inequalities within the context of the selected program
The discussion of inequalities shows understanding and analysis of the issues related to this health issue. The health equity for the target audience and beyond are explored regarding this health promotion program.
All arguments are supported by scholarly references.
The essay does not adequately discuss health inequalities related to the program, target audience and
oader community. The literature was not used effectively to enable a structured and reasoned discussion.
Understanding of the socio-political influences on the selected program
The essay discusses the socio-political influences on the health promotion program. The discussion demonstrates that the concepts are understood within the context of contemporary society.
The discussion is supported by scholarly references.
The essay does not demonstrate understanding of socio-political influences on the health promotion program. The discussion is inadequate.
Use of scholarly reference material to support discussion and analysis and accuracy of citation and referencing
At least nine (9) contemporary and scholarly sources are used. The text book is included in the references along with appropriate websites and at least five (5) contemporary peer-reviewed nursing journal articles. The references are cited accurately in-text and in the reference list using USC Harvard referencing style guide. All references are aligned appropriately to support the key ideas.
Information is organised and the discussion is logical. The writing meets all university standards related to format, spelling, and grammar. The essay adheres to the word count.
The sources cited do not support the key ideas in the essay. Contemporary and scholarly sources are lacking. The writing style does not reflect academic standards. There are spelling, grammar and written expression issues.
The essay does not adhere to word count.
PowerPoint Presentation
Health Promotion
NUR121 Health, Culture & Society
Author: Gwen Veltmeyer RN
Sessional Tutor, School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedicine
Hello, and welcome to the NUR121 Primary Health Care presentation.
My name is Gwen Veltmeyer, and I am a registered nurse and sessional tutor in the School of Nursing , Midwifery and Paramedicine at USC.
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NUR121: Health , Culture, & Society:
Health Promotion
Learning Objectives:
Discuss health promotion principles in the Australian Context
Differentiate the health promotion strategies used across the lifespan
Develop and evaluate health promotion programs
To begin, I would like to review the learning objectives for this week of the course so that you are all familiar with them:
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Review of Primary Health Care
What is Primary Health Care?
Primary Health Care (PHC) is defined as:
Essential healthcare based on practical , scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination.
(World Health Organization, cited in Hales, Kozier and E
(eds), 2018 p.130)
Ok, so what is Primary Health Care?
Lets start with a definition from the World Health Organisation.
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Review of The Principles of Primary Health Care:
(from the Alma Ata Declaration, 1978)
Primary Health Care (PHC) incorporates 5 Principles:
Equitable distribution
Appropriate Technology
A focus on health promotion and disease prevention
Community participation
A multi-sectorial approach
(Hales, 2018, p.130)
So lets look at the principles of primary health care, from the Alma Ata declaration…….
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Review of Primary Health Care Sectors:
Primary Health Care covers a range of population based public health services across several sectors:
Primary Care
Health Promotion
Public Health
Community Health
Population Health
Health promotion is essentially a sector within primary health care
What is Health Promotion?
Health Promotion is defined as:
Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions.
(World Health Organisation [WHO], 2018).
It is not just the responsibility of the health sector, and extends to individual healthy lifestyles and wellbeing.
The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986)
The first International Conference on Health Promotion
Held in Ottawa, Canada in November 1986
Presented a charter for action to achieve Health for All by the year 2000 and beyond
Outlined 5 key principles , or action areas
Built on the progress already made on the Principles of Primary Health Care , Alma Ata Declaration (1978)
The Principles of Health Promotion
(From the Ottawa Charter 1986)
Outlines 5 Key Principles (Action Areas):
Building healthy public policy
Creating supportive environments
Strengthening community action
Developing personal skills
Re-orienting health care services toward prevention of illness and promotion of health
(WHO, 2018)
http:
www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/previous/ottawa/en/index1.html
Now lets move on to the Principles of Health Promotion as outlined in the Ottawa Charter.
I mentioned this previously in an earlier slide.
Health Promotion will be covered In detail in another lecture within this course however I think it is worthwhile to cover this
iefly as these principles are closely linked to the principles of primary health care.
So they are: ……….
By now you will be able to recognise the links between the two sets of principles, although embedded within the principles of health promotion is the focus to Advocate, Enable, and Mediate for individuals within communities.
We will cover this further later in the course.
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Health Promotion Strategy:
To be effective, health promotion requires a basic foundation in these 3 strategies:
Advocacy: advocacy for health
Enable: achieving equity in health
Mediate: coordinated action by government across health, and other social and economic sectors
The Principles of Health Promotion
(From the Ottawa Charter 1986)
Building healthy public policy
Government health policy agenda
Funding
Health care reform
Identified national health priority areas
Now lets move on to the Principles of Health Promotion as outlined in the Ottawa Charter.
I mentioned this previously in an earlier slide.
Health Promotion will be covered In detail in another lecture within this course however I think it is worthwhile to cover this
iefly as these principles are closely linked to the principles of primary health care.
So they are: ……….
By now you will be able to recognise the links between the two sets of principles, although embedded within the principles of health promotion is the focus to Advocate, Enable, and Mediate for individuals within communities.
We will cover this further later in the course.
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The Principles of Health Promotion
(From the Ottawa Charter 1986)
2. Creating supportive environments
Take care of each other, our communities, and our environment
Create a healthy society
Global responsibility to conservation
Now lets move on to the Principles of Health Promotion as outlined in the Ottawa Charter.
I mentioned this previously in an earlier slide.
Health Promotion will be covered In detail in another lecture within this course however I think it is worthwhile to cover this
iefly as these principles are closely linked to the principles of primary health care.
So they are: ……….
By now you will be able to recognise the links between the two sets of principles, although embedded within the principles of health promotion is the focus to Advocate, Enable, and Mediate for individuals within communities.
We will cover this further later in the course.
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The Principles of Health Promotion
(From the Ottawa Charter 1986)
3. Strengthening Community Action
Empowerment of communities
Ownership and control of community development
Now lets move on to the Principles of Health Promotion as outlined in the Ottawa Charter.
I mentioned this previously in an earlier slide.
Health Promotion will be covered In detail in another lecture within this course however I think it is worthwhile to cover this
iefly as these principles are closely linked to the principles of primary health care.
So they are: ……….
By now you will be able to recognise the links between the two sets of principles, although embedded within the principles of health promotion is the focus to Advocate, Enable, and Mediate for individuals within communities.
We will cover this further later in the course.
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The Principles of Health Promotion
(From the Ottawa Charter 1986)
4. Developing Personal Skills
Support personal and social development of individuals within communities
Empowerment of individuals to have more control over their own health and their environment
Now lets move on to the Principles of Health Promotion as outlined in the Ottawa Charter.
I mentioned this previously in an earlier slide.
Health Promotion will be covered In detail in another lecture within this course however I think it is worthwhile to cover this
iefly as these principles are closely linked to the principles of primary health care.
So they are: ……….
By now you will be able to recognise the links between the two sets of principles, although embedded within the principles of health promotion is the focus to Advocate, Enable, and Mediate for individuals within communities.
We will cover this further later in the course.
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The Principles of Health Promotion
(From the Ottawa Charter 1986)
5. Re-orienting health care services toward prevention of illness and promotion of health
Shift within health sector towards a social model of health
Health promotion & disease prevention , in addition to curative services
Commitment to health research, and health professional education
Now lets move on to the Principles of Health Promotion as outlined in the Ottawa Charter.
I mentioned this previously in an earlier slide.
Health Promotion will be covered In detail in another lecture within this course however I think it is worthwhile to cover this
iefly as these principles are closely linked to the principles of primary health care.
So they are: ……….
By now you will be able to recognise the links between the two sets of principles, although embedded within the principles of health promotion is the focus to Advocate,