cen84959_ch00-fm.qxd
Appendix 1
PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS (SI UNITS)
| 909
Table A–1 Molar mass, gas constant, and
critical-point properties
Table A–2 Ideal-gas specific heats of various
common gases
Table A–3 Properties of common liquids, solids,
and foods
Table A–4 Saturated water—Temperature table
Table A–5 Saturated water—Pressure table
Table A–6 Superheated wate
Table A–7 Compressed liquid wate
Table A–8 Saturated ice–water vapo
Figure A–9 T-s diagram for wate
Figure A–10 Mollier diagram for wate
Table A–11 Saturated refrigerant-134a—
Temperature table
Table A–12 Saturated refrigerant-134a—
Pressure table
Table A–13 Superheated refrigerant-134a
Figure A–14 P-h diagram for refrigerant-134a
Figure A–15 Nelson–Obert generalized
compressibility chart
Table A–16 Properties of the atmosphere at high
altitude
Table A–17 Ideal-gas properties of ai
Table A–18 Ideal-gas properties of nitrogen, N2
Table A–19 Ideal-gas properties of oxygen, O2
Table A–20 Ideal-gas properties of ca
on dioxide,
CO2
Table A–21 Ideal-gas properties of ca
on
monoxide, CO
Table A–22 Ideal-gas properties of hydrogen, H2
Table A–23 Ideal-gas properties of water vapor, H2O
Table A–24 Ideal-gas properties of monatomic
oxygen, O
Table A–25 Ideal-gas properties of hydroxyl, OH
Table A–26 Enthalpy of formation, Gi
s function
of formation, and absolute entropy at
25°C, 1 atm
Table A–27 Properties of some common fuels and
hydroca
ons
Table A–28 Natural logarithms of the equili
ium
constant Kp
Figure A–29 Generalized enthalpy departure chart
Figure A–30 Generalized entropy departure chart
Figure A–31 Psychrometric chart at 1 atm total
pressure
Table A–32 One-dimensional isentropic
compressible-flow functions
for an ideal gas with k � 1.4
Table A–33 One-dimensional normal-shock
functions for an ideal gas with k � 1.4
Table A–34 Rayleigh flow functions for an ideal
gas with k � 1.4
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TABLE A – 1
Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties
Gas
Critical-point properties
Molar mass, constant, Temperature, Pressure, Volume,
Substance Formula M kg/kmol R kJ/kg · K* K MPa m3/kmol
Air — XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Ammonia NH XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Argon Ar XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Benzene C6H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Bromine Br XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
n-Butane C4H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Ca
on dioxide CO XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Ca
on monoxide CO XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Ca
on tetrachloride CCl XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Chlorine Cl XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Chloroform CHCl XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) CCl2F XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Dichlorofluoromethane (R-21) CHCl2F XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Ethane C2H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Ethyl alcohol C2H5OH XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Ethylene C2H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Helium He XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
n-Hexane C6H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Hydrogen (normal) H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Krypton Kr XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Methane CH XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Methyl alcohol CH3OH XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Methyl chloride CH3Cl XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Neon Ne XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Nitrogen N XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Nitrous oxide N2O XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Oxygen O XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Propane C3H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Propylene C3H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Sulfur dioxide SO XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) CF3CH2F XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Trichlorofluoromethane (R-11) CCl3F XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Water H2O XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Xenon Xe XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
*The unit kJ/kg · K is equivalent to kPa · m3/kg · K. The gas constant is calculated from R � Ru /M, where Ru � XXXXXXXXXXkJ/kmol · K and M is the mola
mass.
Source: K. A. Kobe and R. E. Lynn, Jr., Chemical Review XXXXXXXXXX), pp. 117–236; and ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals (Atlanta, GA: American
Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), pp. 16.4 and 36.1.
910 | Thermodynamics
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Appendix 1 | 911
TABLE A–2
Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases
(a) At 300 K
Gas constant, R cp cv
Gas Formula kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K k
Air — XXXXXXXXXX1.400
Argon Ar XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Butane C4H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Ca
on dioxide CO XXXXXXXXXX 1.289
Ca
on monoxide CO XXXXXXXXXX1.400
Ethane C2H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Ethylene C2H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Helium He XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Hydrogen H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Methane CH XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Neon Ne XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Nitrogen N XXXXXXXXXX 1.400
Octane C8H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Oxygen O XXXXXXXXXX 1.395
Propane C3H XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Steam H2O XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
Note: The unit kJ/kg · K is equivalent to kJ/kg · °C.
Source: Chemical and Process Thermodynamics 3/E by Kyle, B. G., © 2000. Adapted by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ.
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TABLE A–2
Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases (Continued)
(b) At various temperatures
cp cv cp cv cp cv
Temperature,
kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K k kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K k kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K k
K Air Ca
on dioxide, CO2 Ca
on monoxide, CO
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX400
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX399
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX398
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX395
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX392
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX387
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX382
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX376
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX370
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX364
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX358
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX353
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX343
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX335
Hydrogen, H2 Nitrogen, N2 Oxygen, O2
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX398
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX395
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX389
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX382
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX373
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX365
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX358
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX350
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX343
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX337
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX332
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX327
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX319
XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX313
Source: Kenneth Wark, Thermodynamics, 4th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983), p. 783, Table A–4M. Originally published in Tables of Thermal
Properties of Gases, NBS Circular 564, 1955.
912 | Thermodynamics
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Appendix 1 | 913
TABLE A–2
Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases (Concluded)
(c) As a function of temperature
_
cp � a � bT � cT 2 � dT 3
(T in K, cp in kJ/kmol · K)
Temperature
% e
o
Substance Formula a b c d range, K Max. Avg.
Nitrogen N2 28.90 �0.1571 � 10� XXXXXXXXXX � 10�5 �2.873 � 10�9 273– XXXXXXXXXX
Oxygen O XXXXXXXXXX � 10�2 �0.7155 � 10�5 1.312 � 10�9 273– XXXXXXXXXX
Air — XXXXXXXXXX � 10� XXXXXXXXXX � 10�5 �1.966 � 10�9 273– XXXXXXXXXX
Hydrogen H2 29.11 �0.1916 � 10� XXXXXXXXXX � 10�5 �0.8704 � 10�9 273– XXXXXXXXXX
Ca
on
monoxide CO XXXXXXXXXX � 10� XXXXXXXXXX � 10�5 �2.222 � 10�9 273– XXXXXXXXXX
Ca
on
dioxide CO XXXXXXXXXX � 10�2 �3.501 � 10�5 7.469 � 10�9 273– XXXXXXXXXX
Water vapor H2O XXXXXXXXXX � 10�2 1.055 � 10�5 �3.595 � 10�9 273– XXXXXXXXXX
Nitric oxide NO 29.34 �0.09395 � 10� XXXXXXXXXX � 10�5 �4.187 � 10�9 273– XXXXXXXXXX