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Running Head: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND LIFE TRANSITION ISSUES    1
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND LIFE TRANSITION ISSUES    9
BACHELOR OF NURSING
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND LIFE TRANSITION ISSUES
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Psychosocial Development in Children    3
Factors Affecting Psychosocial Development    6
Conclusion    7
References    8
Introduction
    Children between the age of 2 years and 5 years are pre-schoolers. This stage witnessed the transition in the children from toddler to the child who gets the introduction of the world when attend the preschool and they become the part of the society as separate individual. Although, development in an individual is a lifelong process, yet childhood of the children witnessed the visible signs of development in children as they undergo physical, cognitive, motor, emotional, social; sensory and language development. The pre-schooler undergoes many crucial psychosocial developments such as awareness of self and identification of the gender. There are many factors, which directly or indirectly affect the development of children such as language disability. Following essay focus on the psychosocial development in pre-schooler using the case study of Andrew.
Psychosocial Development in Children
    Psychosocial development can also be called as emotional development, socio-cognitive development or socio-cultural development. As mentioned by Newman, and Newman (2017), psychosocial development can be defined as the psychological development of the child in its associated social environment. It covers the social and psychological aspect of the development in individual. Generally, pre-schoolers undergo many psychosocial developments.
During the age between 2 and 5, children become self-sufficient as they complete their toilet training, try to eat by themselves, take initiative in selecting their dresses. As noted by Aboud and Yousafzai (2015), during early childhood, children started noticing their gender roles and have gender identification. For example, girls prefer to play with dolls whereas boys prefer to play with balls. These children show self-regulation and prefer some independence like running away from parents, choosing peer for playing.
There are wide range of changes observed in children between 2 and 5 years of age. As mentioned by Black et al. (2017), at the age of 2 years, children start copying people around them like parents or other elderly people. They prefer to make choices instead of following instructions. When these children reached the age of 3 years, they prefer to follow their parents, copy their habits, and act like their friends. They started making friends of their choice and show affection towards them. They started follow the specific routine. There is a wide range of emotions like happiness, sadness, and reluctance can be observed in a child.
At the age of 4 years, they show new interest and display their talents. They started learning new things like using of language properly to communicate, show interest in drawing or playing new games. They started developing new games. When they reached the age of 5 years, they started pleasing their peer. As per the case study, Andrew had achieved all the milestones of...