Evicted: Poverty and profit in the American city
For this assignment students are required to:
· Provide a summary for each of the first ten (10) chapters of the book.
· Identify two macro social problems and two micro social problems in each chapter. Make sure that a problem is not repeated in each chapter. For example, do not repeat poverty for chapter 1, 2, 3 etc.
· Suggest an intervention or interventions for solving the macro social problems identified in each chapter.
· Provide a cover page and page numbers.
· At least 10 pages
1
PowerPoint Presentation
SOWK 446 Organizations and Communities
NETTING: CHAPTER 1
What is Macro Practice
An Integral part of social work profession and professions exits to meet the needs of others in the larger community
All social workers will engage in some form of macro practice.
Macro practice is a professionally guided intervention(s) designed to
ing about change in organizational, community, and/or policy arena.
Macro Social Work
An Inte
elationship of Micro and Macro Social Work Practice: Focuses on change.
Problems usually appear as individual problems
Important for social workers to understand the nature of individual and group intervention
Arena for change—casework (client, couple, or family) or accessing resources (organizations, communities and policy change)
Macro Level Change
Intervention in organizations or communities is refe
ed to as macro-level change
Social Workers intervene in organizations or communities
Change has to be carefully planned – management, decision making, etc.
Importance of collaboration
Recognize the interconnectedness of micro and macro roles
Macro-Practice Arenas and Roles
it involves administration, planning, community organizing or policy analysis roles
Arenas of intervention are communities, organizations, small groups and policy
Practitioners in macro-practice are sometimes refe
ed to as planners, community organizers, case managers, group workers and each describes the actual function you perform
population vs. function
The Foundation of Macro Practice
The importance of terminology
Social workers need to recognize that terms used to define and distinguish can be applied adversely
Employing more accurate and less historically laden language
Recognize the sensitivity to language use
Theories, Models, and Approaches
A theory is a set of inte
elated concepts and constructs that provide a framework for understanding how and why something does or does not work
Models are prescriptions based on theories that provide direction for the practitioner.
Approaches on the other hand are less prescriptive
Both models and approaches provide guidelines for action and intervention
Systems theory: it contends that there are multiple parts of any entity, whether it is a group, organization or a community. Entities can be best understood as a system with interconnecting components
Applicable in both micro and macro (including domestic and international)
Let’s consider some examples using organization or community
Systems expect conflict –there are ways to cope (locating an organization that serve gay, homeless, or prostitutes in a neighborhood)
The Foundation of Macro Practice
Closed and open systems
Goals and outcomes for planned change
Goals are usually long term and sometimes idealistic. Provides a vision
Outcomes defined as quality-of-life changes
Rational planning approach
Study of the cu
ent situation and a carefully developed and prescribed plan for change
The Foundation of Macro Practice
Values (strongly held belief) and Ethics (provide guidelines)
Importance of professional judgement (ability to skillfully apply and discern the quality of the best knowledge available in a workable manner), values and ethics
The NASW Code of Ethics: Six core values and the ethical principles
Service: Direct and indirect practice
Concept of beneficence (desire to do good for others)
Social Justice: Challenging injustices and work on social change
The Foundation of Macro Practice
Dignity and worth of the person
Self-determination, Empowerment, Addressing the needs of marginalized people
Importance of human relationships
Meaningful ways to facilitate consumer as well as citizen participation
Dealing with multiple stakeholders
Technological advancement
The Foundation of Macro Practice
Integrity
Based on trustworthiness and consistency
Professional integrity means that those persons who call themselves professional will remembe
The Foundation of Macro Practice
Competence:
Use of data to show need
Informed decision making is pursued in a systematic and scholarly manne
Evidenced-based or evidence-guided practice
The Foundation of Macro Practice
Ethical conflicts: Social workers have responsibility to:
1) clients
2) to colleagues
3) in practice settings
4) as professionals
5) to the social work profession
6) to the
oader society
Surviving the Dilemmas
1. Develop a Strong Support System: Social workers to reach out to their colleagues
2. Join with Others to Initiate Change: Together with colleagues social workers can form communities and task forces
3. Prioritize Efforts: Working towards change has to be selective
4. Find Ways to Do Self-Care: Do not be overwhelmed by the job. Find ways to rest
WEEK THREE
NETTING CHAPTER 3
MACKIE CHAPTER 1: Courtney R. & Nicole F.
WHEELAN CHAPTER 2: Courtney T. & Amanda
Slide 1
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Historical and Contemporary Influences on Macro Practice
NETTING CHAPTER 2
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Social Conditions
Population growth and immigration:
The First U.S. Census revealed population less than 4 million.
Immigration has always being a key element in population growth in the U.S.
Irish and German immigrants and the Chinese Migrant workers.
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Social Conditions
Industrialization and u
anization:
Rapid shift toward industrialization of the economy. Mechanization of cotton production
The wealth
ought in change from the agricultural economies
Population growth and industrialization led to increased u
anization
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Social Conditions
Changes in Institutional Structures:
The social structure of the U.S, changed owing to u
anization and industrialization.
In the early 1800s organizations such as families, churches and schools were small in nature.
Complex systems of highly specialized organizations emerged
Individuals and organizations were no longer able to produce most of what they needed
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Social Conditions
Emergence of a welfare system:
The Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601
State-run asylums for dependent children, the mentally ill, children and adults with mental retardation
Private facilities serving orphaned or delinquent youth
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The Development of Social Work
Women played a major role in building the foundations of social work
Women’s organizations, Benevolence reforms
Women’s rights subsequently the formation of the National Women’s Suffrage Organization
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Charity Organization Societies
Charity Organization Society (COS) began forming in the 1870s
The “friendly visitors” usually middle and upper class women helped poor individuals and families
Served individuals on a case by case basis formed the foundation for social case work
Micro-level intervention
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Recognizing the Importance of Macro Practice
Macro-practice models developed alongside the casework method
Primary groups worked to strengthen local areas within larger communities
A social justice agenda emerged in the mid-1920s
Improved housing conditions
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Great Depression
Effects of the Great Depression
The resulting impoverishment of vast segments of the population
The passage of the Social Security Act
The development of Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal programs
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Community Organization and Social Reform
Sweeping reforms
The Journal of Social Work Today began paying attention to social work practice
Large government agencies began to dominate the provision of human services
Social Movements
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Community Organization and Social Reform
The 1954 Brown v. Board of Education
Foundation of the Civil Rights Movement
Montgomery Alabama Bus boycott of 1955
Voting Rights Act of 1964
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Community Organization and Social Reform
Civil Rights Act of 1965
Other movements like Cesar Chavez’s United Farm Workers began organizing Chicano field workers
The 1960s saw the expansion of governmental social programs
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Administration and Planning
Communities are macro systems in which social workers interact
With the New Deal public organizations for the provision of human services were established
Increased complexity of human service organizations
Client-driven models of administration
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Commitment of Diverse and Oppressed Population
Native Americans
Latinos
African Americans
Asian Americans
Women
Persons with Disabilities
LGBTQ
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Contemporary Challenges
Addressing poverty and welfare reforms-
The enactment of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA)
Key changes in welfare reform
Bureaucratic ba
iers
More rigid and inflexible rule and eligibility criteria
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Contemporary Challenges
Recognizing income equality-
Increasing income inequality
Large disparities exists between rich and poo
Large disparities that can produce a variety of problems
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Contemporary Challenges
Assessing changing organizations and delivery system- Bureaucratization of operations
Privatization
Purchase of Services (POS), Performance-based contracting
Proliferation of nonprofit organizations
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Contemporary Challenges
Wisely using technology:
Dramatic changes in the lives of people owing to technological advancement
Creation of world communities across national boundaries
The way social workers are doing their job is also changing
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