ENEG20003 – Sustainability Studio
2-Written assessment
Learning outcomes 3 and 4 assessed
Submission due: Friday, April 24, XXXXXXXXXXPM AEST)
Weight: 20%
Minimum marks: 50%
Objectives
For this assessment, students can get ideas from week 3-5 class lectures, refe
ed textbooks, and week 2-5 reading materials. Students should search for the relevant topics from CQU online li
ary, and or internet search. Students will be able to familiar with another issue (different from 1-written assessment and team project) facing our planet, its causes with its sustainable solution.
Learning outcome 3: Apply a systematic design process (systems engineering) to develop solutions to an issue
Learning outcome 4: Demonstrate self-awareness of thinking processes and values, including socio-ecological thinking and uncertainty
Questions and marks (Total marks: 20).
Q1. Identify and title a sustainability issue (different from Written assessment 1 and your Team Project) that addresses the socio-ecological aspect. In the introduction, include your concern on the socio- ecological aspect (Marks: 06).
Q2. What do you understand by the term “sustainable design”? Explain the different sustainable design criteria. Discuss how the issue that has been identified in Q1 can be mitigated applying sustainable design criteria (Marks: 07).
Q3. Discuss the uncertainty aspect of the sustainable solution that has been discussed in the earlier part of Q2 (Marks: 04).
Q4. Conclude your work (Marks: 03).
Assignment Submission
The assignment (above questions) should be written in a report format and include:
· Cover page, student name and id, the title of the topic, introduction, body and conclusion.
· Page number, headings and subheadings where appropriate.
· Tables, graphs and charts should be used where appropriate to support your discussion.
· Appropriately and accurately reference (both in-text and list) the work of 3rd parties, words, Figures/Tables etc. in accordance with the CQUniversity's Harvard referencing guide.
· References should be added at the end of the assignment and documented according to CQU referencing standards.
· No page limits, within 1500 words.
Electronic File Submission
Assignments must be submitted electronically in Moodle ("MS Word" format NOT pdf)
When saving your assignment, ensure you use the following file format:
Example: First name & ID_ENEG20003_Assignment name.docx
Assessment Criteria
The following criteria will be used to evaluate your assignment.
· Demonstration of knowledge and understanding of concepts (30%).
· Evidence of research beyond own experience and unit material (15%).
· Clarity of expression, including the use of terminology, ease of reading, spelling and grammar, orderly and logical presentation and use of diagrams as appropriate to illustrate points (25%).
· Use of appropriate referencing both in-text and in the reference list (20%).
· Complaint to the instructions (example: cover page, page number, heading, subheading, word count, electronic file submission etc) (10%).
· Marks will be deducted as per CQU policy for late submission without prior approval of the extension.
· According to CQU policy, students will be penalised for any unacceptable similarity percentage.
· Marks could be deducted if word count exceeds 1500.
ENEG20003 – Sustainability Studio XXXXXXXXXXWritten assessment 2
HEADING
ENEG20003: Sustainability Studio
Week 3
Chapter 7
Lecturer: Nurun Nabi
Email: XXXXXXXXXX
All slides have been taken from (unless otherwise mentioned)
Sustainability Principles and Practice:
Margaret Robertson (2014); Routledge (Taylor & Francis Group)
Lecture content
• Uneven distribution of wate
• Depletion of nonrenewable aquifers
• Threats to human and ecosystem health
• Consumption
• Effects of climate change
• Water conservation
• Wastewater treatment
• Storm wate
2
• Freshwater available for use is small percentage
of total wate
U
.S
.
G
eo
lo
gi
ca
l S
u
ve
y
(U
S
G
S
)
Distribution
3
Hydrologic cycle
• Water
constantly
ecycles
• Volume
does not
change
• Renewable
esource
N
at
io
na
l O
ce
an
ic
a
nd
A
tm
os
ph
e
ic
A
dm
in
is
t
at
io
n
(N
O
A
A
)
4
Processes
Transpiration: Water evaporates through plant leaves
Surface run off: Flows over the land surface
Snow melt water, rain water etc
Infiltration: Water from land surface passes to the soil
Condensation: Water Vapour to liquid wate
Air rises>cools water vapou
forms clouds>precipitation
5
Uneven distribution
• Water scarcity =
demands not met
• Because of
• Uneven distribution
• Overuse
• Pollution
Uneven distribution
California Central Valley Project
U
.S
.
G
lo
a
l C
ha
ng
e
R
es
ea
c
h
P
og
a
m
6
Aquifer: large deposit of groundwate
U
S
G
S
7
According to
Me
iam-Webster,
aquifer is
“a water-bearing
stratum of permeable
ock, sand, or gravel”
• Overpumping saltwater intrusion
U
S
G
S
Zone of dispersion: saltwater and freshwater mixing zone
8
Zone of dispersion: saltwater and
freshwater mixing zone
Overpumping causes
• Depletion of ground level wate
• Saltwater flows to the direction of fresh water
decrease fresh water
9
Threats to human, ecosystem health
Pollution of aquifers
U
S
G
S
10
Threats to human, ecosystem health
• Depletion of aquifers loss of biodiversity
USGS
C
en
te
s
f
o
D
is
ea
se
C
on
t
ol
,
A
ge
nc
y
fo
To
xi
c
S
u
st
an
ce
s
&
D
is
ea
se
R
eg
is
t
y
Hyporheic zone
Zone of surface water
and shallow ground wate
11
Consumption
Virtual water: total amount of embedded water (water footprint)
Embedded water: used for nonfood or food products
Example: new blue jeans
Virtual water content: 3000 gallons/pai
12
Virtual wate
1 lb wheat: 172 gal
1 lb beef: 1500 gal
13
Consumption
Heavy consumption by:
• Power plants
• Agriculture
• Manufacturing
U
.S
.
G
lo
a
l C
ha
ng
e
R
es
ea
c
h
P
og
a
m
14
Bottled wate
• Questionable quality
• Energy and resource consumption
• 3 gal virtual wate
1 gal bottled wate
• Plastic bottles
• Made of petroleum
• Sent to landfills
• Pollution when incinerated
• Harmful to marine wildlife
U
.S
.
D
ep
a
tm
en
t
of
D
ef
en
se
15
Residential water conservation
• Water audit: the first step
• Technical measures
• Water-saving fixtures
• Water-efficient landscapes
• Behavioral measures –
supported by:
• Mailings
• Educational programs
• Water audits
16
Cooling systems: major commercial
water consumers
• Some medical facilities, machine tools, and olde
cooling equipment
• Cooling towe
17
Domestic water use
• Domestic wate
• Fixtures: toilets, showerheads, faucets
• Appliances: clothes washers, dishwashers
C
en
te
s
f
o
D
is
ea
se
C
on
t
ol
18
I
igation
• Use mulch to retain moisture
• Use native or
egionally adapted
plants; avoid lawns
• Use drip i
igation
Landscapes:
Drip i
igation in People’s Garden,
USDA Headquarters
19
I
igation
• World’s largest consumer of wate
• Conventional
i
igation:
most runs off
• Organic farming:
moisture is
etained
Agriculture:
N
R
C
S
20
Desalination
• Expensive
• But sometimes the best option
• High energy consumption
N
O
A
A
C
lim
at
e.
go
v
mgd: million gallons per day
21
Rainwater harvesting
• Collect rainwate
• Store
• Use late
Ladybird Johnson Wildflower Center,
Austin, Texas
22
• Catchment area
• Conveyance
• Filtration
• Storage
• Distribution
• Purification,
if for potable use
Rainwater
harvesting
components:
nonpotable
use purification
conveyance
catchment
1st filtration
storage
conveyance
distribution
distribution
potable use
23
Filtration: roof washer, first-flush downspout
Ziliker Park, Austin, Texas
24
Graywate
• Bathroom sinks, showers, bathtubs,
clothes washers
• Not kitchen sinks or toilets
• Some jurisdictions allow graywater
for nonpotable uses
• Usually purple pipe
25
Wastewater treatment
Sewage treatment
Mechanical removes solids
Screening removes de
is
Settling removes girts
Secondary treatment with bacteria
Tertiary treatment includes filtering and disinfection
26
Sewage treatment process
27
• Sewage passes > anaerobic lagoons (no oxygen), bacteria
decompose sewage material and produce odours and CH4 gas
• Sewage than flows to aerobic ponds (here N2 and clumps are
emoved)
• Solid clumps are easily from the wastewater during flowing the
sewage in to settling tanks
• The water then enters the final lagoon.
• UV light and Cl2 may be used for further treatment of water.
CH4 gas can be used as a fuel
Source: https:
www.melbournewater.com.au/community-and-education/about-our-wate
sewerage/western-treatment-plant/sewage-treatment-process
Stormwate
• Stormwater = rain
• Some intercepted by
leaves,
anches
• Some infiltrates into soil
• Some collects in pockets
• Remainder runs off
surface: runoff
N
R
C
S
28
Stormwate
Bioswale
• Vegetated linear depression
• Cleanses, infiltrates stormwate
Convention Center Portland, Oregon
29
Thanks
Questions?
30
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Thanks��Questions?